UNIT 4- topic 3

Question 1

What is social control?

Answer 1

relates to persuading or compelling people to conform to society’s laws, norms and expectations

Question 2

what are The 2 forms of social control

Answer 2

• internal

- external

Question 3

what are examples of internal social control

Answer 3

morals, beliefs, experiences, upbringing, socialised, socialisation

Question 4

what are examples of external social control

Answer 4

friends, family, criminal justice system, college, work

Question 5

What is Socialisation

Answer 5

is the process of learning what behaviour is acceptable in society, through social interaction

Question 6

What is meant by internalising/internalisation?

Answer 6

we internalise the rules that society sets out and this become our own internal rule book

Question 7

What happens to people who do not internalise society’s rules – why might this happen?

Answer 7

have not been socialised correctly, so they can’t internalise them. not effective socialisation may be related to up bringing - lack of role model, not received proper education- affects the way they’ve behaved, got into the wrong peer group - internalised their own rules about whats right to do

Question 8

why do people obey the law?

Answer 8

Most people through socialisation have learnt what the right thing to do is.

Question 9

What is rational ideology?

Answer 9

through effective socialisation, we develop the ability to make rational decisions. those who do not, may make irrational decisions

Question 10

according to freud what are the 3 parts to our personalities

Answer 10

id, ego, super ego

Question 11

what is the ID

Answer 11

our basic instinctive pulses

Question 12

what is the ego

Answer 12

our ability to make reasoned and rational choice

Question 13

what is the super ego

Answer 13

our moral conscience

Question 14

How is the superego developed?

Answer 14

early socialisation- we internalise the rules we have been taught. it is there to restrain the selfish, primal thoughts of the ID

Question 15

What is the main role of the superego in relation to conforming in society?

Answer 15

the socialisation forms the rules that we think it right or wrong which will form out super ego

Question 16

according to freud why do people obey the law

Answer 16

we have been socialised to have the superego, the super ego tells us it’s either the wrong or right thing to do

Question 17

how can cultural traditions can be seen as internal forms of social control

Answer 17

affirming our identity, if we conform to these traditions it is a way of affirming our identity and being accepted as a member of the community. These traditions act as a form of internal social control to ensure that we act a certain way.

Question 18

according to cultrual traditions, why do people obey the law

Answer 18

because our opinions are heavily influenced by the traditions or religion of the culture/ community that we are in

Question 19

What are external forms of social control?

Answer 19

come from outside of yourself, from other people in society

Question 20

What are agencies of social control?

Answer 20

organisation that impose rules on us to make us behave in a certain way

Question 21

what are 5 examples of agencies of social control

Answer 21

• family
• friends
• education system
• criminal justice system
• military

Question 22

how does family maintain social control

Answer 22

tell you off is you did something wrong, do something right get rewarded

Question 23

how does friends maintain social control

Answer 23

do some right get rewarded in an informal way

Question 24

how does education system maintain social control

Answer 24

teachers will have rules that students need to follow

Question 25

how does criminal justice system maintain social control

Answer 25

have laws that people follow to have order in society, punishing for bad behaviour

Question 26

how does military maintain social control

Answer 26

if there is a major issue the military might be called in to help protect people and try get peace

Question 27

What does Travis Hirschi say about why people conform to society’s rules?

Answer 27

people conform because they are controlled by the bond that they have with society. he says delinquent acts occur when an individual’s bond to society is weak or broken

Question 28

what are the 4 key elements of an individuals’ bond to society, according to Hirschi’s control theory

Answer 28

• attachment
• commitment
• involvement
• belief

Question 29

describe attachment within the key elements of an individuals’ bond to society, according to Hirschi’s control theory

Answer 29

the more attached we are to people in society, the more we care about their opinion. therefore we obey the law to please them and respect their norms

Question 30

describe commitment within the key elements of an individuals’ bond to society, according to Hirschi’s control theory

Answer 30

The more committed we are to conventional goals the more we risk if we were involved in crime, so we are more likely to want to conform.

Question 31

describe involvement within the key elements of an individuals’ bond to society, according to Hirschi’s control theory

Answer 31

the more involved with conventional, law abiding activities, the less time and energy we will have to get involved in crime.

Question 32

describe beliefs within the key elements of an individuals’ bond to society, according to Hirschi’s control theory

Answer 32

if we have been socialised to believe that it is right to obey the law, we are less likely to break it

Question 33

According to Hirschi’s Control Theory – why do people obey the law?

Answer 33

they have had a strong bond with their parents who have emphasised that crime is wrong and bad, as a result the child thinks this and as the parents have explained the consequences of offending. the child does not want to offend. this has stemmed from the fact that the parents and child have had a strong bond.

Question 34

what are 2 ways the criminal justice system create social control

Answer 34

• fear of punishment itself

- coercion

Question 35

how does fear of punishment itself create social control

Answer 35

one way to maintain social control and stop people from breaking the law. some theorists argue that fear of being caught and punished is what stops many would be criminals from breaking the law. for example if you commit and offence you may be arrested, charged, convicted and jailed against their will. this is the idea that punishment acts as a deterrent which stops people from committing crime and instead obey the law.

Question 36

how does coercion create social control

Answer 36

involves the use of threat or force, in order to make someone do or stop doing something. force may involved physical or psychological violence, or other forms of pressure. the negative sanctions of the criminal justice system are examples of coercion. for example, sending someone to prison for stealing is a from of cohesion, aimed at preventing further offending.