UNIT 2

Question 1

what does functionalism believe

Answer 1

that society works

Question 2

what does functionalists believe society is made up of

Answer 2

collection of different parts (institutions) that together help the overall system work – each part has an important function (like a human body)

Question 3

why do functionalists believe society get on well and work well together

Answer 3

because we agree with the values of the culture (capitalism, hard work, acceptance) – we have a value consensus and we feel a sense of solidarity to each other and the wider society

Question 4

what does durkheim believe deviance positively does in our society in functionalism

Answer 4

• Responding to deviancy promotes social solidarity
• Responding to deviancy maintains social boundaries and affirms cultural values
• Deviancy encourages social change

Question 5

what does interactionism focus on

Answer 5

Interactionism is a sociological theory which focuses on the meaning we attach to peoples’ behaviour

Question 6

what is the labelling theory within interactionism

Answer 6

acts get labelled as crimes and then people get labelled as criminals

Question 7

what is labelling according to becker

Answer 7

attaching a meaning to someone

Question 8

how do acts become criminal as no act is inherently criminal

Answer 8

becomes criminal when labelled so by others

Question 9

what are some of the left wing views (liberal views)

Answer 9

• Progress
• Equality
• Welfare Provision
• inclusion
• community
• Multiculturalism
• Human & civil rights

Question 10

what are some of the right wing views (conservative views)

Answer 10

• Tradition
• Meritocracy
• Self-reliance
• Morality
• Family
• Nation
• Individual & constitutional rights

Question 11

what does right wing focus on

Answer 11

focuses on wiping away crime by tougher measures on the individual

Question 12

what does left wing focus on

Answer 12

focuses on a subtle reduction in crime by tackling inequalities the many face

Question 13

what is realism

Answer 13

is a realistic approach to studying crime and deviance and is dedicated to making real changes – for that reason it has to try and influence policies

Question 14

what do right realists see crime as

Answer 14

as a real problem & threat for communities

Question 15

what can effective socialisation reduce

Answer 15

any biological risk of criminality, as it teaches self-control and moral values

Question 16

what do left realists believe in

Answer 16

they believe in gradual change rather than violent revolution/fundamental restructure of society. they believe in developing realistic explanations for causes of crime that can lead to realistic strategies for reducing it