Unit 4 test Flashcards
Federalist vs. Democratic-Republicans
Federalists believed in a strong central government and a loose interpretation of the constitution.
Why did federalist vs. Democratic-Republicans not get along
They had separate visions for the country. Federalists believed in a stronger military, industrialization, and were more wealthy and occupied the cities. DR’s believed in limited government, an agrarian (farming) society., and occupied rural areas.
Importance of Marbury v. Madison- established
judicial review”. This is the power of the supreme court to declare laws constitutional or unconstitutional
Importance of McCulloch v. Maryland
This asserted the power of the federal government over states.
Causes and Effects of the Embargo Act of 1807
Causes: Impressment of American sailors and merchants by the British.
Effects: It tanked the economy and forced Jefferson to lift the Embargo.
Importance of the Louisiana Purchase
It doubled the size of the U.S, and gave Jefferson the land to further his idea of making America a farming nation.
Explain how Jefferson handled the Barbary pirates
He went against principles and went to war against them, asserting that the U.S. had the right to trade in the mediterranean sea.
What were the main causes and effects of the War of 1812? Be sure to discuss impressment.
Causes: British impressment of Americans and the need to want more western lands.
Effects: Impressment stopped and America earned the respect of the other European nations. The war was seen as a “Second American Revolution.”
Describe the Treaty of Ghent
Ended the War of 1812
Why did the Federalist Party fizzle out after the War of 1812?
They had a secret meeting called The Hartford Convention where they developed a plan to secede (break away) from the country. This was widely seen as unpatriotic and un-American. Their power faded after this.
What was the Monroe Doctrine?
This was a foreign policy achievement that warned European nations not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere. Monroe wanted to discourage Europe from colonizing latin/ South America and would see it as a threat to the U.S. if they tried to colonize.
What was the “Era of Good Feelings”?
A period where there were no political conflicts. The federalists lost power and for almost 10 years (1815-1824), the Democratic-Republicans were the only political party.
⭐️What are tariffs? How did the North and South feel about tariffs and why?
Taxes on imported goods. The South felt that tariffs would protect American industries by discouraging the purchase of foreign goods.
Describe the parts of Henry Clay’s “American System”. What was his vision for the country?
This plan called for federal funds to build internal improvements-roads,bridges, canals, and later railroads. He wanted to connect all of the various economic regions of the country to make it stronger. He would use the money from tariffs to pay for this.
Explain the parts of the Missouri Compromise (1820). How did it show tension over the slave issue?
⭐️Missouri entered the Union as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state- this keeps the balance of power equal in Congress.
No slavery would exist north of the 36’30 line of latitude. Slavery could exist below the line.
It showed how divided the country was over the issue of slavery.
What is Jacksonian Democracy?
it is a belief, supported by Jackson, in which voting was expanded to all white men. It also put emphasis on the “common man”, not the wealthy. It also gave more power to the Executive branch.
How did voting change during his presidency?
The property requirement to vote was eliminated…now voting extended to all white men (not women, African Americans, or Native Americans.)
What was the Spoils System and how did Jackson use it?
They practice giving your supporters jobs within the government, even if they are not qualified. He did this to reform Washington which he believed was too corrupt with wealthy elites.
Why did he veto the 2nd National Bank of the U.S.?
He believed the National bank only benefited the wealthy in the Northeast and didn’t help rural America. He wanted to bring banking back to the states.
Discuss the Indian Removal Act of 1830? What were the consequences?
Despite a supreme court decision ruling that the government couldn’t move indians, Jackson forcibly removed thousands of Cherokee and Choctaw indians from georgia into oklahoma. The journey was known as the trail of tears where thousands died of disease and malnutrition.
