Unit 2 test Flashcards
What were the causes of the French & Indian War?
British colonists kept encroaching on land out west that was claimed by French
What were the effects of the French & Indian War (Treaty of Paris 1763)?
The british gained land up to the mississippi river (doubled in size)
The colonists began to have a negative view of the british
the british were in massive war debt
What was the Proclamation of 1763? What impact did this have on the American colonies (and their desire for independence)?
This imaginary border restricted colonial settlement beyond the proclamation line. Colonists were upset b/c they thought they were owed this new land after fighting in the french and indian war. They begin to resent the british.
Navigation Acts
Restricted colonial trade ONLY with england.
Sugar Act
Placed a tax on all sugar/ molasses imported to the colonies
Stamp Act
First direct tax on the colonists. Placed a tax on all paper items.
Quartering Ac
Law allowing british soldiers to use colonists’ homes, eat their foods, and supply them
Townshend Act
Taxes on ALL imported items to the colonies (tea, glass, led, paint)
Tea Act
Law that only allowed colonists to buy tea from one company and no one else
Coercive Acts
Laws passed by the Brithish in response to the Boston Tea Party. It closed Boston Harbor to all trade, and took away power from the Massachusetts government.
What was the most common response to the Parliamentary Acts/Taxes?
Colonial responses included non-violent resistance: boycotts, writing letters, petition, meeting in public squares, forming committees, violent resonance including tarring and feathering.
What caused the Boston Massacre?
Colonists in Boston were upset that 4000 British troops were in their city. verbal shouting by colonists towards british troops stationed at the Customs House ended with more colonists joining in. Armed with clubs, knives, colonists started throwing snowballs at the british. Suddenly, shots were fired and 5 colonists were killed.
Why was Paul Revere’s engraving of the event so important?
Paul Revere’s engraving was misleading and did not show what truly happened. This was meant to get the colonies upset and create anti-british feelings throughout the colonies.
What were the purposes of both Continental Congresses (1st & 2nd)?
The purpose was to serve as the representative government of the colonies.
What were the major documents issued by the Continental Congresses
The Olive Branch Petition
Declaration of Independence
Who wrote Common Sense? Why was it written/what was the purpose of the pamphlet?
Thomas paine. It was written during the war to inspire colonists to join the war effort and separate fully from england.
What is the significance of the Battles of Lexington & Concord?
These were the first armed engagements of the war in 1775
Why was the Battle of Saratoga significant?
This colonial victory persuaded the French to officially join the war against the british.
Why is the Battle of Yorktown significant?
This colonial victory, led by George Washington, was the last major battle of the war.
What 3 European nations supported America during the Independence? Why was their support important?
France and Prussia, Their support gave the colonists much needed supplies and troops. their leaders also helped to train the Continental army at Valley Forge
Who is the primary author of the declaration of independence
Thomas Jefferson
Preamble
To state the reason what the colonist are separating from england…. that they gave certain inalienable rights that cannot be taken away
Grievances
To state the abuses that King Geore III is responsible for against the colonists
What did John Locke contribute to the Declaration of Independence?
He initially wrote in 1689 that all men have natural rights to life, liberty, and property. In 1776, Jefferson changed the wording to read, “all men are created equal and have rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
