Unit 4 Study Guide

Question 1

What is DNA

Answer 1

Molecule that holds the genetic code

Question 2

Transcription

Answer 2

Process where mRNA is made from DNA and is the first step to protein synthesis

Question 3

mRNA

Answer 3

Messenger RNA carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome

Question 4

Translation

Answer 4

Process where amino acids are linked together at the ribosome and when the protein is made

Question 5

tRNA

Answer 5

Transfer RNA carries amino acids to the site of translation

Question 6

Genetic mutation

Answer 6

Change in the genetic code

Question 7

Point mutation

Answer 7

Changes one nitrogen base

Question 8

Substitution

Answer 8

One base is exchanged for another

Question 9

Deletion frame shift

Answer 9

One base is base is removed from DNA sequence

Question 10

Inversion

Answer 10

One section of the DNA is flipped

Question 11

Chromosomal mutation

Answer 11

A change in the chromosome

Question 12

Duplication

Answer 12

One section of the chromosome is duplicated

Question 13

Deletion(chromosomal)

Answer 13

One section of the chromosome is removed

Question 14

Translocation

Answer 14

A section of two non homologous chromosomes s switched

Question 15

Mutations within a DNA sequence are

Answer 15

Natural processes that produce genetic diversity

Question 16

An inheritable mutation may occur if an organism has a Chang in its

Answer 16

DNA structure

Question 17

Which molecule carries attached amino acids

Answer 17

tRNA

Question 18

What RNA is involved in transcription

Answer 18

mRNA

Question 19

How many nucleotides would it take to carry the code for a protein with four amino acids

Answer 19

12

Question 20

Genes contain instructions for assembling

Answer 20

Proteins

Question 21

What is protein synthesis

Answer 21

The process where DNA is used to make proteins