Unit 4 - Sport Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What is a skill

A

Learned action to bring about the result you want with certainty and minimum effort

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2
Q

What is the environmental continuum

A

Open - closed

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3
Q

What is the difficulty continuum

A

Basic - Complex

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4
Q

What is the organisational continuum

A

Low - High

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5
Q

What is an open skill

A

Open skills = skill performed in an unpredictable changing environment, they have to react and adapt to changing situation e.g teammates or opposition

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6
Q

What is a closed skill

A

Skill performed in a a predictable environment which stays the same. Performer doesn’t have to adapt
E.g free throw in basketball

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7
Q

What is a basic skill

A

Simple skill requiring little concentration to execute
Do not include complicated movements
More general skills
E,g running, catching a ball

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8
Q

What is a complex skill

A

Skill requiring a lot of attention and concentration
Include complicated movements
Tend to be sports specific
E,g diving combination, high jump

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9
Q

What is a low organisation skills

A

Made up of multiple subroutines that can be broken down easily into different parts
Parts can be practised separately
E,g swimming , long jump

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10
Q

What is a high organisational skill

A

Skill that cannot be broken down easily and practised in parts because the phases of the skill are closely linked e,g golf swing ,

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11
Q

Types of guidance

A

Visual, verbal, manual, mechanical

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12
Q

What is visual guidance

A

Involves coach showing a picture demonstration or video that the performer can copy

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13
Q

What is verbal guidance

A

Involves coach speaking to performer to give instructions or feedback

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14
Q

What is manual guidance

A

Coach physically supports the performer to move them into position

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15
Q

What is mechanical guidance

A

Involves the use of an object or device to support performer e.g swimmer with float to learn kicking legs

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16
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of visual guidance

A

Advantages - can copy, can be done in large groups, good for beginners

Disadvantages - time consuming, videos are expensive, complex movements are difficult to recognise

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17
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of verbal guidance

A

Advantages - instructions can be given quickly, no equipment, good for more experienced performers

Disadvantages- some movements are difficult to explain, can be overwhelming with too much info

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18
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of manual guidance

A

Advantages- can get a feel for movement , builds confidence, can help break down movement

Disadvantages- performer can become dependent on support, can only be used 1 on 1, feeling is not same as actually doing skill unaided

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19
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of mechanical guidance

A

Advantages- reduces danger, builds confidence, get a feel for movement

Disadvantages- performer can become dependant on support, cannot be used in large groups, incorrect feel can lead to incorrect movement being learned

20
Q

What is fixed practise structure

A

Training focus on relating one closed skill repeatedly until it is perfected

21
Q

What is variable practise structures

A

Training focuses on practising an open skill in different situations

22
Q

What is massed practise structure

A

Long practise periods without rest skill is repeated constantly, good for elite motivated athletes

23
Q

What is distributed practise structure

A

Technique where practise occurs in short session over a long period of time with lots of breaks

24
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of fixed practise

A

A- specific errors can be eradicated from technique
D- it requires a lot of motivation to maintain focus and concentrate

25
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of variable practise

A

A- skill can be adapted and altered depending on situation
D- session need to replicate a game situation as close as possible

26
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of massed practise

A

A- good fitness level, improves consistency
D- boredom, lack of concentration

27
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of distributed

A

A- receive feedback, rest intervals, reduces boredom, allows recovery
D- time consuming, have to re introduce skills after break

28
Q

What are the 4 types of practise structures

A

Massed, distributed, fixed, variable

29
Q

What are the 4 types of feedback

A

Intrinsic, extrinsic, concurrent, terminal

30
Q

What is extrinsic feedback

A

Comes from coach/ peer/ observer
Essential for beginners

31
Q

What is intrinsic feedback

A

Comes from within linked to how movement feels
Used by experienced performers as they know how the skill should feel

32
Q

What is concurrent feedback

A

During performance
Can be acted on immediately

33
Q

What is terminal feedback

A

After performance
Tends be reflected of while performance

34
Q

Why should you review Smart targets after second set of fitness tests

A

Progress can be checked
Which enables them to adapt his training accordingly
Which will motivate them to

35
Q

Why is goal setting important

A

-improves motivation
-allows assessment of progress over time
-something to aim for

36
Q

Definition of sportsmanship

A

Following the rules and respecting opposition

37
Q

Characteristics of a complex skill

A

-require more thought and concentration
-require more practise

38
Q

Benefits of mental rehearsal

A

Reduces anxiety, improves confidence

39
Q

Advantages of intrinsic feedback

A

Experienced performers have developed knowledge of how movement feels
Able to self correct and assess because of their experience

40
Q

Disadvantages of intrinsic feedback

A

Inexperienced performers will not be able to rely on this
Don’t have developed knowledge

41
Q

Advantages of extrinsic feedback

A

Good for less experienced performers
Coach can relay what performer has done right and wrong

42
Q

Disadvantages of extrinsic feedback

A

Need a coach or additional person with you

43
Q

Advantages of concurrent feedback

A

If activity lasts long enough performer can make adjustments
Coach can verbally instruct them to make a change

44
Q

Disadvantages of concurrent feedback

A

For short events performer cannot make changes
Cannot do this for complex skills
In loud environments you may not be able to hear

45
Q

Advantages of terminal feedback

A

Coach could talk performer through what they did or watch a replay
Many sports teams run full video analysis

46
Q

Disadvantages of terminal feedback

A

Can only happen at the end of the performance which means cannot change the match