Unit 4 Spain + Portugal Flashcards
Context
-Europe recovering from black plague
-Gunpowder Empires: Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals
-Improved agriculture lead to population increase
-Spread of ideas from China, India, Dar al-Islam
Transportation and commercial technology
-magnetic compass
-astrolabe
-caravels
-carrack
-lateen sail
-cartography
Caravels
small, fast ships that used the lateen sail
Carrack
Long distance travel; used by Portuguese
Lateen sail
A triangular sail that allowed ships to travel in different directions against the wind
Primogeniture laws
These laws gave land to the eldest son, leaving younger sons without land or wealth, which motivated them to seek opportunities abroad.
Nation
People that share a similar culture, language, traditions, history, etc.
State
An independent political entry with clear geographic boundaries
Nation-State
A state whose population is mainly one nation
What year did Prince Henry sponsor exploration?
1400
What year did the Portuguese reach Cape Verde?
1446
What year did Dias round the Cape of Good Hope?
1488
What year did Columbus discover America?
1492
Portugal age of exploration
-Portugal starts under the guide of Prince Henry “the Navigator” of Portugal
-Seized the Moroccan city of Ceuta and uninhabited islands
-Cultivated sugarcane
Vasco de Gama
-Portugal explorer
-Established trading ports
-Arrived at Calicut, India
-Mistook Hinduism as a weird branch of Christianity
Christopher Columbus
-Italian mariner
-Rejected by King of Portugal
-Sponsored by King Ferdinnad and Queen Isabella of Spain (1491)
-First lands at San Salvador (Watling Island) in the Bahamas in 1492.
-Brings back spices/chocolate on second trip
3 G’s
-God
-Gold
-Glory
Treaty or Tordesillas
-1494
-Decided by the Pope
-Divided the world between Spain and Portugal
-Stated that any land without a Christian King would not be colonized
Ferdinand Magellan
-From Portugal
-Wanted to find a new way to get to Asia
-Set off with five ships
-Ended up with one ship, the Victoria
-Killed in a battle with the local Filipinos
-First group of people to circumnavigate the globe
Enrique of Malacca
-Famous slave from Malacca
-Was a translator
-Helped the local Filipinos to betray Magellan
-Had contact with local rulers and chiefs
Spanish crew of Magellan
-Had many disagreements
-Spanish did not like Magellan’s leadership
-Spanish were divided after Magellan’s death
-Remaining people continued sailing although others wanted to go back to Spain
