Unit 4 - Skeletal System Flashcards
Babies have _____ bones when born
300
Adults have ___ bones
206
Functions of the Skeletal System
framework, protection, levers, production of blood cells, stores calcium, phosphorus and fats
The three main parts of a long bone are
proximal epiphysis, diaphysis, distal epiphysis
periosteum
the tough, fibrous tissue that forms the outermost covering of bone
compact bone
the dense, hard, and very strong bone that forms the protective outer layer of bones.
spongy bone
is lighter and not as strong as compact bone. This type of bone is commonly found in the ends and inner portions of long bones such as the femur. Red bone marrow is located within this spongy bone.
medullary cavity
central cavity located in the shaft of long bones where it is surrounded by compact bone. It is here that red and yellow bone marrow are stored.
endosteum
is the tissue that lines the medullary cavity
red bone marrow
which is located within the spongy bone, is a hemopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and thrombocytes.
yellow bone marrow
functions as a fat storage area
cartilage
smooth, rubbery, blue-white connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber between bones
articular cartilage
covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints. This cartilage makes smooth joint movement possible and protects the bones from rubbing against each other
meniscus
curved fibrous cartilage found in some joints
scoliosis
spine is “S” or “C” shaped
