Unit 11 - Nutrition

Question 1

nutrient

Answer 1

chemical substance in food that helps maintain the body

Question 2

there are over ___ nutrients for good health

Answer 2

50

Question 3

Nutrient Groups

Answer 3

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water

Question 4

carbohydrates

Answer 4

the body’s chief source of energy

Question 5

3 main types of carbohydrates

Answer 5

sugars (simple carbs), starches, fiber

Question 6

glucose

Answer 6

form of sugar carried in the blood for energy

Question 7

fructose

Answer 7

fruit sugar

Question 8

galactose

Answer 8

sugar in milk

Question 9

sucrose

Answer 9

table sugar

Question 10

lactose

Answer 10

milk sugar

Question 11

maltose

Answer 11

malt (grain) sugar

Question 12

complex carbohydrates

Answer 12

made from many glucose sugars bonded together

Question 13

starch

Answer 13

most abundant carbohydrate in the diet, storage of energy from plants

Question 14

fiber

Answer 14

form of complex carbohydrates from plants that humans can’t digest

Question 15

Benefits of Fiber

Answer 15

lowers blood cholesterol, speeds up digestion, dilutes carcinogen in food

Question 16

simple carbohydrates examples

Answer 16

sugars, syrups, soft drinks, jellies, and other sweets

Question 17

complex carbohydrates examples

Answer 17

breads, cereals, pastas, rice

Question 18

fiber examples

Answer 18

whole grain cereal, fresh fruits, fresh vegetables

Question 19

What happens when there is a deficiency of carbohydrates?

Answer 19

Chemical imbalance in body, Proteins need to be used as energy which means normal growth of body slows, Constipation

Question 20

What happens when there is an excess of carbohydrates?

Answer 20

Unhealthy weight gain , Acid in mouth

Question 21

Types of fats

Answer 21

Saturated, Unsaturated, Monounsaturated, Polyunsaturated

Question 22

Cholesterol

Answer 22

Found only in animal products, Your body makes the cholesterol that it needs.

Question 23

Functions of Fats

Answer 23

Energy
Carry certain vitamins
Add flavor to food
Needed to make hormones
Stores energy
Protects internal organs
Insulation

Question 24

Proteins

Answer 24

chemical compounds that are found in every body cell

Question 25

Proteins aare made up of __ essential amino acids and ___ nonessential amino acids

Answer 25

9,11

Question 26

complete proteins

Answer 26

contain all 9 amino acids

Question 27

Functions of Proteins

Answer 27

Growth, maintenance, and repair of tissues Formation of hormones Provide energy Regulation of body processes

Question 28

Vitamins

Answer 28

complex organic substances

Question 29

fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 29

dissolve in fats, Carried by fats in food and can be stored in your body, Vitamins A, D, E, & K

Question 30

water-soluble vitamins

Answer 30

dissolve in water, Body does not store them, Carried out of your body in urine, Taking supplements can be dangerous, Vitamins C & B-complex

Question 31

Minerals

Answer 31

inorganic substances, need at least 21 minerals for good health

Question 32

macrominerals

Answer 32

you need 100mg or more a day

Question 33

trace elements

Answer 33

you need less than 100mg a day

Question 34

types of macrominerals

Answer 34

``` Calcium Phosphorus Magnesium Sodium Potassium Chlorine ```

Question 35

types of trace elements

Answer 35

Iron Zinc Iodine Fluorine

Question 36

Water

Answer 36

between 50-75% of your body weight is water, Helps with digestion, cell growth, maintenance, joints, and regulating body temperature.

Question 37

anorexia nervosa

Answer 37

eating disorder where the person has a distorted perception of weight and has an abnormally low body weight

Question 38

bulimia

Answer 38

eating disorder where a person extremely overeats and usually depression and self-induced vomiting occur after eating

Question 39

binge-eating disorder

Answer 39

eating disorder where the person eats a lot of food in a short amount of time