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Psych > Unit 4: Sensation and Perception > Flashcards

Unit 4: Sensation and Perception Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Agnosia?

A

Loss of the ability to perceive stimuli

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2
Q

What is Anosmia?

A

The loss of the ability to smell

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3
Q

What is Audition?

A

Ability to process auditory stimuli. Also called hearing

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4
Q

What is the Auditory Canal?

A

Tube running from the outer ear to the middle ear

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5
Q

Receptors in the cochlea that transduce sound into electrical potentials

A

Auditory hair cells

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6
Q

what is Binocular Disparity?

A

Difference is images processed by the left and right eyes

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7
Q

What is Binocular Vision?

A

Out ability to perceive 3D and depth because of the difference between the images on each of our retinas

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8
Q

What is Bottom-Up Processing?

A

Building up to perceptual experience from individual pieces

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9
Q

What is Chemical senses?

A

Our ability to process the environmental stimuli of smell and taste

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10
Q

What is the Cochlea?

A

Spiral bone structure in the inner ear containing auditory hair cells

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11
Q

What are the Cones in our eyes?

A

Photoreceptors of the retina sensitive to color.

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12
Q

Where are the cones in our eyes located?

A

Primarily in the fovea

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13
Q

What is Dark Adaptation?

A

Adjustment of eye to low levels of light

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14
Q

What is Differential Threshold (or difference threshold)?

A

The smallest difference needed in order to differentiate two stimuli

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15
Q

What is the Dorsal Pathway?

A

Pathway of visual processing. The “where” pathway

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16
Q

What is Flavor?

A

The combination of smell and taste

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17
Q

What is Gustation?

A

The ability to process gustatory stimuli. Also called taste

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18
Q

What is Just Noticeable Difference (JND)?

A

The smallest difference needed in order to differentiate two stimuli

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19
Q

What is Light Adaptation?

A

Adjustment of eye to high levels of light

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20
Q

What are Mechanoreceptors?

A

Mechanical sensory receptors in the skin that respond to tactile stimulation

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21
Q

What is Multimodal perception?

A

The effects that concurrent stimulation in more than one sensory modality has on the perception of events and objects in the world.

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22
Q

What is Nociception?

A

Our ability to sense pain

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23
Q

What are Odorants?

A

Chemicals transduced by olfactory receptors

24
Q

What is Olfaction?

A

Ability to process olfactory stimuli. Also called smell

25
Q

What is Olfactory Epithelium?

A

Organ containing olfactory receptors

26
Q

What is Opponent-Process Theory?

A

Theory proposing color vision as influenced by cells responsive to pairs of colors

27
Q

What are Ossicles?

A

A collection of 3 small bones in the middle ear that vibrate against the tympanic membrane

28
Q

What is perception?

A

The psychological process of interpreting sensory information

29
Q

What is a phantom limb?

A

The perception that a missing limb still exists

30
Q

What is phantom limb pain?

A

Pain in a limb that no longer exists

31
Q

What is the pinna?

A

The outermost portion of the ear. What we can see

32
Q

What is the Primary Auditory Cortex?

A

Area of the cortex involved in processing auditory stimuli

33
Q

What is the Primary Somatosensory Cortex?

A

Area of the cortex involved in processing somatosensory stimuli

34
Q

What is the Primary Visual Cortex?

A

Area of the cortex involved in processing visual stimuli

35
Q

What is the Principle of Inverse Effectiveness?

A

The finding that in general, for a multimodal stimulus, if the response to each unimodal component (on it’s own) is weak, then the opportunity for multisensory enhancement is very large. However, if one component by itself is sufficient to evoke a strong response, then the effect on the response gained by simultaneously processing the other components of the stimulus will be relatively small

36
Q

What is the Retina?

A

The cell layer in the back of the eye containing photoreceptors

37
Q

What are the Rods in the eye?

A

Photoreceptors of the retina sensitive to low levels of light

38
Q

Where are the rods in our eyes located?

A

Around the fovea

39
Q

What is Sensation?

A

The physical processing of environmental stimuli by the sense organs

40
Q

What is Sensory Adaption?

A

Decrease in sensitivity of a receptor to a stimulus after constant stimulation

41
Q

What is Shape Theory of Olfaction?

A

Theory proposing that odorants of different size and shape correspond to different smells

42
Q

What is Signal Detection?

A

Method for studying the ability to correctly identify sensory stimuli

43
Q

What is Somatosensation?

A

The ability to sense touch, pain and temperature

44
Q

What is the Somatotopic map?

A

Organization of the primary somatosensory cortex maintaining a representation of the arrangement of the body

45
Q

What are Sound Waves?

A

Changes in air pressure. The physical stimulus for audition

46
Q

What is the Superadditive effect of Multisensory Integration?

A

The finding that responds to multimodal stimuli are typically greater than the sum of the independent responses to each unimodal component if it were presented on its own

47
Q

What are Tastants?

A

Chemicals transduced by taste receptor cells

48
Q

What are Taste Receptor Cells?

A

Receptors that transduce gustatory information

49
Q

What is Top-Down Processing?

A

Experience influencing the perception of stimuli

50
Q

What is Transduction?

A

The conversion of one form of energy to another

51
Q

What is the Trichromatic Theory?

A

Theory proposing color vision as influence by three different cones responding preferentially to red, green and blue

52
Q

What is the Tympanic Membrane?

A

Thin stretched membrane in the middle ear that vibrates in response to sound. Also called the eardrum

53
Q

What is the Ventral pathway?

A

Pathway of visual processing. The “what” pathway

54
Q

What is the Vestibular System?

A

Parts of the inner ear involved in balance

55
Q

What is Webers Law?

A

States that just noticeable difference is proportional to the magnitude of the initial stimulus

Psych (6 decks)

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