Unit 4 SAC2

Question 1

Change

Answer 1

is any alteration in the internal or external environments.

Question 2

Organisational change

Answer 2

is the adoption of a new idea or behaviour by an organisation

Question 3

To be proactive

Answer 3

is to initiate change rather than simply to react to events.

Question 4

To be reactive

Answer 4

is to wait for a change to occur and then respond to it.

Question 5

Customer focus

Answer 5

refers to an organisational goal to concentrate on satisfying customers’ needs at all levels of the organisation.

Question 6

Recession

Answer 6

A contraction in the level of economic activity resulting in reduced spending, rising unemployment and a slow rate of economic growth.

Question 7

Emissions trading scheme

Answer 7

Regulates the buying and selling of permits to emit greenhouse gases. A permit allows emissions up to a prescribed cap or limit. Large emitters either choose to buy extra permits or invest in technologies that control emissions. If limits are exceeded, penalties are imposed.

Question 8

Force-field analysis

Answer 8

Outlines the process of determining which forces drive and which resist a proposed change.

Question 9

Driving forces

Answer 9

are those forces that support the change.

Question 10

Restraining forces

Answer 10

are those forces that work against the change.

Question 11

Organisational inertia

Answer 11

refers to an unenthusiastic response from management and employees to proposed change.

Question 12

The change management process

Answer 12

is the sequence of steps that a manager would follow for the successful implementation and adoption of change.

Question 13

Facilitator

Answer 13

Someone who helps people achieve an objective by providing unobtrusive assistance.

Question 14

Change agent

Answer 14

A person or group of people who act as catalysts, assuming responsibility for managing the change process.

Question 15

Manipulation

Answer 15

is the skilful or devious exertion of influence over someone to get them to do what you want.

Question 16

Cooptation

Answer 16

involves the selection of an influential person among the potential resistors to be involved in the development and implementation of the change process.

Question 17

Corporate social responsibility

Answer 17

involves managing organisational processes in order to produce an overall positive impact on the community

Question 18

Triple bottom line

Answer 18

refers to the social, economic and environmental performance of an organisation.

Question 19

Ecological sustainability

Answer 19

occurs when economic growth meets the needs of the present population without endangering the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

Question 20

A sustainability report

Answer 20

is a comprehensive report of what a business has done, and is doing, with regard to social issues that affect it.

Question 21

Business ethics

Answer 21

refers to the application of moral standards to organisational behaviour.

Question 22

A corporate code of conduct

Answer 22

is a set of ethical standards for managers and employees to abide by.

Question 23

The global economy

Answer 23

is the world economy and refers to the economic activity going on in the world. It includes the flow of all trade, finance, technology, labour and investment. Consequently, it is the total economic activity within and between countries.

Question 24

A global manager

Answer 24

pursues organisational objectives in international settings and, therefore, is required to conduct business in numerous countries with different cultures.

Question 25

A merger

Answer 25

is a combination of two companies to form a new company.

Question 26

An acquisition

Answer 26

is the purchase of one company by another with no new company being formed.

Question 27

While there is no one precise definition, leadership…

Answer 27

is the process of positively influencing and encouraging individuals to set and achieve objectives.

Question 28

Transformational change

Answer 28

often results in a complete restructure throughout the whole organisation.

Question 29

Incremental change

Answer 29

results in minor changes, usually involving only a few employees.

Question 30

Structural change

Answer 30

refers to changes in the organisation’s structure — that is, the organisation chart.

Question 31

Outsourcing

Answer 31

is the contracting of some organisational operations to outside suppliers.

Question 32

Teamwork

Answer 32

involves people who interact regularly and coordinate their work towards a common goal.

Question 33

Flexible manufacturing

Answer 33

is production by computer controlled machines that can adapt to various versions of the same operation.