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Psychology 100 > Unit 4 Review > Flashcards

Unit 4 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Scientific study of how we think about, influence and relate to one another

A

Social Psychology

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2
Q

A conclusion about the cause of an observed behavior/event

A

Attribution

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3
Q

_______ attribution

Ex. external factors such as peer pressure

A

Situational

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4
Q

_______ attribution

Ex. Internal factors such as stable, enduring traits, personality, ability, emotions

A

Dispositional

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5
Q

When we explain others’ behavior, we tend to overemphasize dispositional attribution and underemphasize situational attribution

A

Fundamental Attribution Error

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6
Q

When we explain our own behavior, we tend to focus on the role of situational factors

A

Actor-Observer Effect

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7
Q

We tend to blame the situation for our failures although we take personal credit for successes

A

Self-Serving Bias

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8
Q

Protect self-esteem

A

Motivational explanation

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9
Q

Giving priority to the goals of one’s group (often one’s extended family and work group and defining one’s identity accordingly

A

Collectivism

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10
Q

Feelings, ideas, and beliefs that affect how we approach and react to other people, objects, and events

A

Attitude

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11
Q

Consisting of your emotional reactions toward the attitude object

A

Affect

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12
Q

Consisting of your actions or observable behavior toward the attitude object

A

Behavior

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13
Q

Consisting of your thoughts and beliefs about the attitude object

A

Cognition

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14
Q

Going directly through the rational mind, influencing attitudes with evidence and logic

A

Central route persuasion

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15
Q

Changing attitudes by going around the rational mind and appealing to fears, desires and associations

A

Peripheral route persuasion

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16
Q

Tendency to be more likely to agree to a large request after agreeing to a smaller one

A

Foot-in-the-door phenomenon

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17
Q

A set of expectations about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave

A

Role

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18
Q

When our attitudes are not in harmony with our actions

A

Cognitive Dissonance

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19
Q

Refers to adjusting our behavior or thinking to fit win with a group standard

A

Conformity

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20
Q

Some mimicry not by choice, but automatic (Chameleon Effect) Ex. contagious yawning

A

Automatic Mimicry

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21
Q

Correct or normal way to behave or think in a group

A

Social Norms

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22
Q

Going along with others in pursuit of social approval or belonging

A

Normative Social Influence

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23
Q

Going along with others because their ideas and behavior make sense, the evidence in out social environment changes our minds

A

Informational social influence

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24
Q

Behavior with the intent of harming another person, physically, verbally or relationally

A

Aggression

25
Q

Frustration occurs when we are blocked from attaining a goal
After repeated frustrating events, anger can build, and trigger a readiness to aggress
Aggression can erupt, possibly against someone who was not the initial cause of the frustration (scape goat)

A

Frustration-Agression Principle

26
Q

Culturally constructed directions on how to act

A

Social Scripts

27
Q

Unjustified (usually negative) attitude toward a group (and its members)

A

Prejudice (A)

28
Q

Unjustified behavior selectively applied to members of a group

A

Discrimination (B)

29
Q

Generalized belief about a group, applied to every member of a group

A

Stereotype (C)

30
Q

Attitudes that we consciously endorse and can easily report

A

Explicit (conscious) attitude

31
Q

Attitudes that are involuntary, uncontrollable, and at times unconscious

A

Implicit (automatic) attitude

32
Q

Patterns of thoughts, feelings, or actions that are deviant, distressful and dysfunctional

A

Psychological disorders

33
Q

State of mental or behavioral ill health

A

Disorder

34
Q

Differing from the norm

A

Deviant

35
Q

Symptoms must be sufficiently sever to interfere with one’s life and well-being

A

Distressful and Dysfunctional

36
Q

Appearance by age 7 of on or more of three key symptoms: Extreme inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity

A

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

37
Q

Psychological disorders seen as psychopathy (an illness of the mind)
Includes processes of Etiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis

A

The Medical Model

38
Q

Mental disorders arise in interaction between nature and nurture
Caused by biology, thoughts and the sociocultural environment

A

The Biopsychosocial Approach

39
Q

Verbal shorthand for referring to a list of associated symptoms

A

Diagnoses

40
Q

Our self-protective, risk-reduction instincts in overdrive

A

Anxiety

41
Q

Emotional-cognitive symptoms include worrying or having anxious feelings and thoughts about many subjects.

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

42
Q

Not just an anxiety attack, includes: many minutes of dread or terror, chest pains, choking, numbness or other frightening physical sensations, need to escape

A

Panic Attack

43
Q

Repeated and unexpected panic attacks, fear of next attack, change in behavior to avoid attacks

A

Panic Disorder

44
Q

Uncontrollable, irrational, intense desire to avoid the some object or situation

A

Phobia

45
Q

Intense, unwanted worries, ideas and images that repeatedly pop up in the mind

A

Obsession

46
Q

A repeatedly strong feeling of needing to carry out an action, even though it doesn’t feel like it makes sense

A

Compulsion

47
Q

Repeated, intrusive recall of past memories

A

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

48
Q

Polar opposite moods

A

Bipolar Disorder

49
Q

Period of hyper-elevated mood

A

Mania

50
Q

The mind is split from reality

A

Schizophrenia

51
Q

Mental split from reality and rationality

A

Psychosis

52
Q

Separation of conscious awareness from thoughts, memory, bodily sensations, feelings, or even from identity

A

Dissociation

53
Q

Exhibits distinct symptoms, not present in consciousness at the same time

A

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

54
Q

Acting impulsively or fearlessly without regard for others’ needs and feelings

A

Antisocial Personality Disorder

55
Q

Compulsion to lose weight; coupled with certainty about being fat despite being 15% or more underweight

A

Anorexia Nervosa disorder

56
Q

Compulsion to binge; followed by purge

A

Bulimia Nervosa disorder

57
Q

Compulsion to binge; followed by guilt or depression

A

Binge-eating disorder

58
Q

Interactive experience with a trained professional, working on understanding and changing behavior, thinking, relationships, and emotions

A

Psychotherapy

Psychology 100 (5 decks)

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