Exam 3 Quiz Questions

Question 1

In her research, Professor Kyoto seeks to identify circumstances in which confirmation bias is especially likely to impede effective problem solving. Which specialty area does her research best represent?
A. biological psychology
B. developmental psychology
C. personality psychology
D. cognitive psychology

Answer 1

D. Cognitive Psychology

Question 2

When her professor failed to recognize that Judy had her hand raised for a question, Judy began to think her professor was unfriendly. Although she subsequently learned that the professor's limited vision kept him from seeing her raised hand, she continued thinking the professor was unfriendly. Judy's reaction best illustrates
A. the framing effect.
B. belief perseverance.
C. a critical period.
D. the availability heuristic.

Answer 2

B. Belief perseverance

Question 3

We more quickly recognize that a blue jay is a bird than that a penguin is a bird because a blue jay more closely resembles our \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ of a bird.
A. heuristic
B. prototype
C. algorithm
D. mental set

Answer 3

B. Prototype

Question 4

To find Tabasco sauce in a large grocery store, you could systematically search every shelf in every store aisle. This best illustrates problem solving by means of
A. the availability heuristic.
B. belief perseverance.
C. an algorithm.
D. framing.

Answer 4

C. an algorithm

Question 5

The easier it is for people to remember an instance in which they were betrayed by a friend, the more they expect such an event to recur. This best illustrates the impact of
A. framing.
B. confirmation bias.
C. an algorithm.
D. the availability heuristic.

Answer 5

D. the availability heuristic

Question 6

College students are more likely to use a condom when told that it has a 95 percent success rate than when told it has a 5 percent failure rate. This best illustrates the impact of
A. framing.
B. confirmation bias.
C. a fixation.
D. the availability heuristic.

Answer 6

A. Framing

Question 7

Which procedure is used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie people's intelligence scores?
A. inspection time task
B. fMRI
C. genetic estimates
D. factor analysis

Answer 7

D. Factor analysis

Question 8

Who would have been most enthusiastic about the value of a single intelligence test score as an index of an individual's mental capacities?
A. L. L. Thurstone
B. Charles Spearman
C. Howard Gardner
D. Robert Sternberg

Answer 8

B. Charles Spearman

Question 9

The characteristics of savant syndrome most directly suggest that intelligence is
A. a diverse set of distinct abilities.
B. largely unpredictable and unmeasurable.
C. a culturally constructed concept.
D. dependent upon the speed of cognitive processing.

Answer 9

A. a diverse set of distinct abilities

Question 10

When Phoebe strongly disagrees with her sister's opinion, she effectively controls her own anger and responds with empathy to her sister's frustration regarding their dispute. Her behavior best illustrates
A. factor analysis.
B. analytic intelligence.
C. divergent thinking.
D. emotional intelligence.

Answer 10

D. emotional intelligence

Question 11

Superior performance on an intelligence test is most likely to be indicative of
A. Sternberg’s concept of analytical intelligence.
B. Gardner’s concept of athletic intelligence.
C. Thurstone’s concept of social intelligence.
D. Salovey and Mayer’s concept of emotional intelligence.

Answer 11

A. Sternberg’s concept of analytical intelligence

Question 12

To learn whether intelligence is related to information-processing speed, researchers have tested participants to determine how long it takes them to
A. copy the letters of the alphabet.
B. calculate intelligence quotients.
C. count from 1 to 10.
D. perceive briefly presented visual images.

Answer 12

D. perceive briefly presented visual images

Question 13

A test designed to assess whether newly graduated medical students should be granted the legal right to practice medicine would most likely be considered a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ test.
A. g-factor
B. aptitude
C. factor analysis
D. achievement

Answer 13

D. acheivement

Question 14

Before publishing her test of musical aptitude, Professor Reed first administered the test to a representative sample of people. This was most clearly necessary for test
A. standardization.
B. reliability.
C. heritability.
D. validity.

Answer 14

A. standardization

Question 15

When retested on the WAIS, people's second scores generally match their first scores quite closely. This indicates that the test has a high degree of
A. reliability.
B. content validity.
C. heritability.
D. predictive validity.

Answer 15

A. reliability

Question 16

If course exams assess a student's mastery of a representative sample of course material, they are said to
A. be reliable.
B. have content validity.
C. be standardized.
D. have predictive validity.

Answer 16

B. have content validity

Question 17

A 6-year-old who responded to the original Stanford-Binet with the proficiency typical of an average 9-year-old was said to have a mental age of
A. 6.
B. 9.
C. 66.
D. 150.

Answer 17

B. 9

Question 18

Mary's bathroom scale always overstates people's actual weight by exactly six pounds. The scale has \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ reliability and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ validity.
A. low; high
B. high; low
C. low; low
D. high; high

Answer 18

B. high; low

Question 19

Intelligence test scores are LEAST similar for
A. nontwin siblings reared together.
B. fraternal twins reared together.
C. identical twins reared together.
D. identical twins reared apart.

Answer 19

A. nontwin siblings reared together

Question 20

When promised money for doing well on an intelligence test, adolescents in four dozen studies scored higher. This best illustrates that intelligence test performance is influenced by
A. motivation.
B. stereotype threat.
C. factor analysis.
D. convergent thinking.

Answer 20

A. motivation

Question 21

The intelligence scores of adopted children are LEAST likely to be positively correlated with the scores of their adoptive siblings during
A. childhood.
B. early adolescence.
C. late adolescence.
D. adulthood.

Answer 21

D. adulthood

Question 22

The extent to which differences in intelligence among a group of people are attributable to genetic factors is known as the \_\_\_\_\_\_ of intelligence.
A. normal curve
B. factor analysis
C. predictive validity
D. heritability

Answer 22

D. heritability

Question 23

Compared with North American students, Asian students perform
A. better on math aptitude and achievements tests and they spend less time studying.
B. no better on math aptitude and achievements tests and they spend less time studying.
C. better on math aptitude and achievements tests and they spend more time studying.
D. no better on math aptitude and achievements tests and they spend more time studying.

Answer 23

B. no better on math aptitude and achievements tests and they spend less time studying.

Question 24

Women have been found to score lower on math tests when they are tested alongside men. This best illustrates the impact of
A. the Flynn effect.
B. intrinsic motivation.
C. analytical thinking.
D. stereotype threat.

Answer 24

D. stereotype threat