Unit 4 Pathology Quiz

Question 1

Renal disease is classified in severity by stage. The prior classification used Stage 1 through Stage 4 to classify severity of the disease, while the new systems uses Stage 1 through Stage 5, with Stage 5 being most severe.

In both systems, stage of the renal disease is linked with ___to determine severity.

Answer 1

glomerular filtration rate

Question 2

Which of the following about diabetic glomerulosclerosis is TRUE (select all that apply)?

Answer 2

-characterized by thickening of the basement membrane of the glomerulus
-often progresses to nephrotic syndrome
-proteinuria is a sign of this disorder

Question 3

upper urinary tract infection may be a differential diagnosis for a patient with ___, secondary to one of the symptoms including ___.

Answer 3

back pain, flank pain

Question 4

Constipation is defined as:

Answer 4

hard stools > 25% of the time

Question 5

Please select the statement that correctly identifies each of the following: benign cancerous lesion of the GI tract

Answer 5

-adenomatous polyp
-leiomyoma
-lipoma

Question 6

Please select the statement that correctly identifies each of the following: not a benign cancerous lesion of the GI tract

Answer 6

lymphoma

Question 7

Please select correct statements regarding the kidneys: is a function of the kidneys

Answer 7

-maintaining acid-base balance
-maintaining electrolyte balance
-control of blood pressure

Question 8

Please select correct statements regarding the kidneys: not a function of the kidneys

Answer 8

activates the formation of white blood cells

Question 9

a flaccid bladder ___, whereas a spastic bladder ___

Answer 9

won’t empty, empties all the time

Question 10

A patient has an infection in the renal parenchyma (the actual organ) and presents with fever, chills, and pus in the urine. Most likely, the patient would have a diagnosis of:

Answer 10

pyelonephritis

Question 11

Which of the following are true about acute or chronic pancreatitis?

Answer 11

-represents a consequence of alcohol abuse
-is commonly associated with cystic fibrosis
-reflects damage caused by leakage of pancreatic enzymes into the extracellular space

Question 12

Please select the normal anatomical location for each of the following: upper urinary tract

Answer 12

blood vessels, nephron-functional unit, collecting tubule

Question 13

Please select the normal anatomical location for each of the following: lower urinary tract

Answer 13

ureters, bladder, urethrae

Question 14

Please match the general mechanisms of function of the kidney with the order correct in which they occur

Answer 14

glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, tubular secretion, urine creation

Question 15

The when testing the normal elements of urine, it should include a yellow-amber color and a pH of 4.6 - 8.0. Please select whether the “other” components below should be present (positive test) or not be present (negative test) in normal

Answer 15

all not present (negative)
glucose, ketones, blood, protein, bilirubin

Question 16

Signs and symptoms of lower urinary tract infections include (select all that apply)

Answer 16

urinary frequency, urinary urgency, dysuria (discomfort during urination), hematuria (RBS’s in urine), pyuria (WBC’s in urine), low back pain

Question 17

prostate cancer is ___ common, ___ of men that reach 80 years of age will be diagnosed/

Answer 17

very, 80%

Question 18

Two common types of incontinence are classified as stress and urge incontinence. Please match the proper definition of each: stress incontinence

Answer 18

loss of urine with increased abdominal pressure - laughing, coughing, or lifting

Question 19

Two common types of incontinence are classified as stress and urge incontinence. Please match the proper definition of each: urge incontinence

Answer 19

sudden unexpected urge to urinate and loss of urine - decreased bladder capacity or detrusor instability

Question 20

One of the primary risk factors for developing bladder cancer is:

Answer 20

smoking

Question 21

In renal insufficiency, there are increase amounts of urea in the blood (BUN increases) as the kidneys are not able to filter and excrete excess urea. This is also called ___

Answer 21

azotemia

Question 22

In end stage renal disease, patient require dialysis to survive. With patients on dialysis, the best time to perform physical therapy may be ___

Answer 22

the day after dialysis, toxins have been removed and the patient feels better

Question 23

One of the most important blood tests to determine renal failure looks at elevated ____ levels.

Answer 23

creatinine

Question 24

general functions of the GI tract include (select all that apply):

Answer 24

digestion, clearing of microorganisms, absorption, removal of waste products

Question 25

There are many signs and symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), from the following list, please select all signs and symptoms that are seen with IBD:

Answer 25

diarrhea, constipation, fever, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, skin lesions, nausea, weight loss

Question 26

true/false: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is the most common GI disorder and is characterized by an absence of inflammation.

Answer 26

true

Question 27

The liver is responsible for many functions, as such, there are many various signs/symptoms of liver disease. Please select all signs and symptoms that may be seen in liver disease:

Answer 27

confusion, muscle tremors, ascities, jaundice, anorexia, bleeding disorders, spider angiomas, ecchymosis