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Med-Surg 2 > Unit 4 Meds > Flashcards

Unit 4 Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Antiemetic Meds

A

Ondansetron

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2
Q

Ondansetron Indications

A

Nausea and vomiting

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3
Q

Ondansetron Routes

A

PO, IV

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4
Q

Ondansetron Side Effects

A

Headache
Constipation

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5
Q

Ondansetron Nursing Considerations

A

Give PO for nausea and IV if vomiting

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6
Q

Phenothiazines (antiemetics) “-azine” Meds

A

Prochlorperazine
Promethazine

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7
Q

Phenothiazines Indications

A

Nausea and vomiting

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8
Q

Phenothiazines Routes

A

PO, IV, IM

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9
Q

Phenothiazines Side Effects

A

Drowsiness
Hypotension
Dry mouth
Urinary retention
Constipation
Blurred vision

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10
Q

Phenothiazines Nursing Considerations

A

Monitor LFT
Must be diluted when given IV
Give deep IM injection into large muscle
Avoid alcohol due to CNS depression

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11
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors “-prazole”

A

Pantoprazole
Omeprazole
Lansoprazole
Esomeprazole

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12
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitor Indications

A

Gastritis, H. pylori, and GERD
Inhibits H ion in the gastric parietal cells to decrease HCl

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13
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitor Routes

A

PO, IV

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14
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitor Side Effects

A

Headache
Dizziness
Diarrhea
Abdominal Pain

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15
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitor Nursing Considerations

A

Monitor liver function
Give before meals or early morning
May be given with antacids
Avoid gastric irritants

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16
Q

H2 Receptor Antagonists “-tidine” Meds

A

Cimetidine
Famotidine
Nizatidine
Ranitidine

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17
Q

H2 Receptor Antagonists Indications

A

GERD and PUD
Suppresses gastric acid secretion, blocks histamine

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18
Q

H2 Receptor Antagonists Routes

A

PO, IV

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19
Q

H2 Receptor Antagonists Side Effects

A

Hematological disorders
Confusion (elderly)

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20
Q

H2 Receptor Antagonists Nursing Considerations

A

Avoid antacid within 1 hour of taking
Avoid gastric irritants (ETOH, smoking, caffeine)
Smoking interferes with absorption

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21
Q

Anticholinergic/Antispasmodic Meds

A

Dicyclomine
Hyoscyamine

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22
Q

Anticholinergic/Antispasmodic Indications

A

Treats IBS and spams of GI tract
Relaxes smooth muscle of GI tract and decreases GI motility

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23
Q

Anticholinergic/Antispasmodic Routes

A

PO

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24
Q

Anticholinergic/Antispasmodic Side Effects

A

Dry mouth
Constipation
Blurred vision
Urinary retention
Confusion

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25
Q

Anticholinergic/Antispasmodic Nursing Considerations

A

Administer 1 hour before meals for IBS
Contraindicated if patient has glaucoma or BPH
Helps manage urinary continence after prostate surgery

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26
Q

Prokinetic Agent Meds

A

Metoclopramide

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27
Q

Metoclopramide Indications

A

Treats gastric stasis
Stimulates GI motility, accelerates gastric emptying

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28
Q

Metoclopramide Routes

A

PO, IV, IM

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29
Q

Metoclopramide Side Effects

A

Drowsiness
Restlessness
Diarrhea

30
Q

Metoclopramide Nursing Considerations

A

Administer 1 hour before meals
Avoid taking for more than 12 weeks due to increased risk of tardive dyskinesia

31
Q

Antacid Meds

A

Aluminum hydroxide
Calcium carbonate
Magnesium hydroxide
Sucralfate

32
Q

Aluminum hydroxide, Calcium carbonate, and Magnesium hydroxide Indications

A

Acid indigestion
Produces a neutral salt combined with gastric acid

33
Q

Sucralfate Indications

A

Treatment of peptic ulcers
Forms a paste to adhere to peptic ulcer to aid healing

34
Q

Antacid Routes

A

PO

35
Q

Antacid Side Effects

A

Constipation

36
Q

Aluminum hydroxide, Calcium carbonate, and Magnesium hydroxide Nursing Considerations

A

Increase PO fluids to avoid constipation
Allow 1 hour time between other meds

37
Q

Sucralfate Nursing Considerations

A

Administer 1 hour before meals and at bedtime

38
Q

Antidiarrheal Meds

A

Loperamide (non-opioid)
Diphenoxylate/atropine (opioid)

39
Q

Antidiarrheal Indications

A

Diarrhea
Decreases GI motility, and decreases fluid and electrolyte loss

40
Q

Antidiarrheal Routes

A

PO

41
Q

Loperamide Side Effects

A

Dry mouth
Constipation
Blurred vision
Urinary retention

42
Q

Diphenoxylate/atropine Side Effects

A

Constipation
Drowsiness

43
Q

Antidiarrheal Nursing Considerations

A

Do not use if diarrhea last more than 2 days or abdominal pain of unknown origin
Rule out food-borne illness
BRAT diet

44
Q

Laxative Meds

A

Psyllium
Bisacodyl
Lactulose

45
Q

Psyllium Indications

A

Constipation
Increases bulk of stool

46
Q

Laxative Routes

A

PO

47
Q

Psyllium Side Effects

A

Diarrhea

48
Q

Psyllium Nursing Considerations

A

Take with full glass of water
Monitor for fluid & electrolyte loss

49
Q

Bisacodyl Indications

A

Constipation
Stimulant laxative

50
Q

Bisacodyl and Lactulose Side Effects

A

Cramps
Diarrhea

51
Q

Bisacodyl Nursing Considerations

A

Do not crush
Must swallow whole

52
Q

Lactulose Indications

A

Hepatic encephalopathy
Decreases serum ammonia by using osmosis to pull water and ammonia into intestines

53
Q

Lactulose Nursing Considerations

A

Monitor stools and LOC
Assess ammonia levels, fluid & electrolyte loss

54
Q

Hormone Meds

A

Octreotide
Darbepoetin
Epoetin alfa

55
Q

Octreotide Indications

A

Treatment of esophageal bleed and acromegaly
Suppresses growth hormone and causes vasoconstriction

56
Q

Octreotide Routes

A

SC, IV, IM

57
Q

Octreotide Side Effects

A

Dizziness
Hypoglycemia
Hyperglycemia
Abdominal discomfort

58
Q

Octreotide Nursing Considerations

A

Monitor FSBS
Assess fluids and electrolytes
Monitor bleeding

59
Q

Darbepoetin and Epoetin alfa Indications

A

Anemia associated with renal failure
Stimulates bone marrow to erythropoiesis

60
Q

Darbepoetin and Epoetin alfa Routes

A

SC, IV

61
Q

Darbepoetin and Epoetin alfa Side Effects

A

Allergic reactions
Seizures
Hypertension
Dizziness
Fever

62
Q

Darbepoetin and Epoetin alfa Nursing Considerations

A

Monitor BP, hemoglobin, and F&E
Contraindicated with uncontrolled HTN
Teach about increased dietary iron and iron supplements

63
Q

Cephalosporins “cef- or ceph-“ Meds

A

Cephalexin
Cefadroxil
Cefazolin

64
Q

Cephalosporin Indications

A

Antibiotic
Skin, respiratory, ear and urinary infections

65
Q

Cephalosporin Routes

A

PO, IV, IM

66
Q

Cephalosporin Side Effects

A

Diarrhea
N/V
Pseudomembranous colitis

67
Q

Cephalosporin Nursing Considerations

A

Contraindicated if patient has a penicillin allergy
Avoid alcohol when taking

68
Q

Aminoglycosides “-mycin or -micin” Meds

A

Vancomycin
Gentamicin

69
Q

Aminoglycoside Indications

A

Antibiotic
Bowel, respiratory, heart, skin, and MRSA infections

70
Q

Aminoglycoside Routes

A

IM, IV needs to be infused at least over 1 hour

71
Q

Aminoglycoside Side Effects

A

N/V
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Anaphylaxis
Red-man syndrome

72
Q

Aminoglycoside Nursing Considerations

A

Monitor BUN, creatinine
Vancomycin peak 25-50 mcg/mL, trough 10-20 mcg/mL
Gentamicin peak 5-10 mcg/mL, trough 0.5-2 mcg/mL

Med-Surg 2 (4 decks)

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