Unit 3 Meds

Question 1

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists (bronchodilators)

Answer 1

Albuterol
Terbutaline
Levalbuterol

Question 2

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists (bronchodilators) Indications

Answer 2

Bronchospasms, wheezing, prevent airway obstruction
Short-acting (rescue inhaler)

Question 3

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists (bronchodilators) Routes

Answer 3

PO, INH

Question 4

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists (bronchodilators) Side Effects

Answer 4

Nervousness
Tremor
Chest pain
Palpitations
Arrhythmias

Question 5

Beta2 Adrenergic Agonists (bronchodilators) Nursing Considerations

Answer 5

Monitor breath sounds and vital signs
Teach about MDI use
Notify HCP if no improvement
Use with spacer if possible
Use first before steroid inhaler, then wait 5 minutes before using steroid inhaler

Question 6

Xanthine Bronchodilators “phylline”

Answer 6

Aminophylline
Theophylline

Question 7

Xanthine Bronchodilators Indications

Answer 7

Long term control of airway obstruction
Long-acting (prevention)

Question 8

Xanthine Bronchodilators Routes

Answer 8

IV loading dose, then maintenance PO

Question 9

Xanthine Bronchodilators Side Effects

Answer 9

Tachycardia
Anxiety
Insomnia
Restlessness

Question 10

Xanthine Bronchodilators Nursing Considerations

Answer 10

Increase dose for smokers, limit caffeine, assess ECG
Therapeutic level 10-19 mcg/mL, toxicity >20 mcg/mL

Question 11

Anticholinergic Bronchodilator

Answer 11

Ipratropium

Question 12

Ipratropium Indications

Answer 12

Produces bronchodilation by inhibiting cholinergic receptors

Question 13

Ipratropium Routes

Answer 13

INH

Question 14

Ipratropium Side Effects

Answer 14

Dry mouth
Urinary retention
Constipation
Blurred vision

Question 15

Ipratropium Nursing Considerations

Answer 15

INH minimizes systemic effects
Use first before steroid inhaler, then wait 5 minutes before using steroid inhaler
Often combined with albuterol in neb

Question 16

Glucocorticoids “sone”

Answer 16

Beclomethasone
Prednisone
Dexamethasone
Budesonide

Question 17

Glucocorticoids Indications

Answer 17

Inflammation, decreases release of histamine in allergic responses, assists in bronchodilation

Question 18

Glucocorticoids Routes

Answer 18

PO, IV, INH

Question 19

Glucocorticoids Side Effects

Answer 19

Cough
Rhinitis
Dry mouth
Oral fungal infections

Question 20

Glucocorticoids Nursing Considerations

Answer 20

Taper slowly
Monitor weight and electrolytes, FSBS
Should wear medic alert
Suppresses immunity
Rinse mouth to prevent thrush

Question 21

H1 Receptor Antagonists (antihistamines)

Answer 21

Diphenhydramine
Chlorpheniramine
Fexofenadine
Loratadine

Question 22

H1 Receptor Antagonists (antihistamines) Indications

Answer 22

Treat allergic rhinitis, allergies, vertigo, cough, sneezing

Question 23

H1 Receptor Antagonists (antihistamines) Routes

Answer 23

PO, IV, IM (Diphenhydramine, Chlorpheniramine)
PO (Fexofenadine, Loratadine)

Question 24

H1 Receptor Antagonists (antihistamines) Side Effects

Answer 24

Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, blurred vision)
Drowsiness (not 2nd gen)
Hypotension

Question 25

H1 Receptor Antagonist Nursing Considerations

Answer 25

Use cautiously in CVD, HTN, renal disease May be given pre-blood to decrease allergic response Increase fluid intake (2nd gen: fexofenadine & loratadine)

Question 26

Expectorant

Answer 26

Guaifenesin

Question 27

Guaifenesin Indications

Answer 27

Thick tenacious secretions Creates productive cough by increasing production of respiratory tract fluids

Question 28

Guaifenesin Routes

Answer 28

PO

Question 29

Guaifenesin Side Effects

Answer 29

NVD Headache Drowsiness

Question 30

Guaifenesin Nursing Considerations

Answer 30

Increase fluid intake Give with full glass of water Avoid smoking and alcohol Assess sputum production before and after giving guaifenesin

Question 31

Antitussive Agents

Answer 31

Dextromethorphan (non-opioid) Codeine (opioid)

Question 32

Antitussive Agents Indications

Answer 32

Control of cough

Question 33

Antitussive Agents Routes

Answer 33

PO

Question 34

Dextromethorphan Side Effects

Answer 34

NV Mild drowsiness

Question 35

Codeine Side Effects

Answer 35

NV Drowsiness Constipation Respiratory depression

Question 36

Antitussive Agents Nursing Considerations

Answer 36

Increase fluids Avoid smoking and alcohol Opioids may produce dependence Monitor respirations with opioids

Question 37

Anti-tubercular Agents

Answer 37

Isoniazid (INH) Rifampin (RIF) Ethambutol (EMB)

Question 38

Anti-tubercular Agents Indications

Answer 38

Management of active TB

Question 39

Isoniazid (INH) Routes

Answer 39

IM, PO

Question 40

Rifampin (RIF) Routes

Answer 40

PO, IV

Question 41

Ethambutol (EMB) Routes

Answer 41

PO

Question 42

Isoniazid (INH) Side Effects

Answer 42

Hepatotoxicity NV Jaundice Constipation Peripheral neuropathy

Question 43

Rifampin (RIF) Side Effects

Answer 43

Reddish orange fluids: urine, tears, feces, perspiration

Question 44

Ethambutol (EMB) Side Effects

Answer 44

Blurred vision Fever Joint pain Skin rash

Question 45

Isoniazid (INH) Nursing Considerations

Answer 45

Monitor LFT No alcohol Vitamin B supplements to help prevent neuropathy

Question 46

Rifampin (RIF) and Ethambutol (EMB) Nursing Considerations

Answer 46

Monitor LFT No alcohol Administer on empty stomach if possible

Question 47

Aminoglycoside "mycin" or "micin"

Answer 47

Streptomycin

Question 48

Streptomycin Indications

Answer 48

Management of active TB and other gram-negative infections (antibiotics)

Question 49

Streptomycin Routes

Answer 49

IM

Question 50

Streptomycin Side Effects

Answer 50

Rash Vertigo Urticaria Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity (tinnitus)

Question 51

Streptomycin Nursing Considerations

Answer 51

Monitor renal function Monitor peak and trough (peak occurs 1 hour after IM dose and assess trough right before next dose) Administer in large muscle