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Anatomy > Unit 4 Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Unit 4 Lower Extremity Flashcards

1
Q

Glut max origin

A

Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament

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2
Q

Glut max insertion

A

Most fibers end in iliotibial tract (lateral condyle of tibia); some insert on gluteal tuberosity

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3
Q

Glut max innervation

A

Inferior gluteal L5, S1, S2

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4
Q

Glut max action

A

Extends thigh (from flexed position) and laterally rotates; steadies thigh , assists in rising from sitting position

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5
Q

Glut med origin

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal line

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6
Q

Glut med insertion

A

Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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7
Q

Glut med innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve L5, S1

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8
Q

Glut med action

A

Abduct and medially rotate thigh; keeps pelvis level when same side limb is weight bearing and advance unsupported side in swing phase

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9
Q

Glut min origin

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

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10
Q

Glut min insertion

A

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

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11
Q

Glut min innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve L5, S1

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12
Q

Glut min action

A

Abduct and medially rotate thigh; keeps pelvis when same side limb is weight bearing and advance unsupported side in swing phase

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13
Q

Tensor fascia latae origin

A

ASIS; anterior part of iliac crest

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14
Q

TFL insertion

A

Iliotibial tract (lateral condyle of tibia)

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15
Q

TFL innervation

A

Superior gluteal nerve L5, S1

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16
Q

TFL action

A

Abduct and medially rotate thigh; keeps pelvis level when same side limb is weight bearing and advances unsupported side in swing phase

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17
Q

Piriformis origin

A

Anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament

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18
Q

Piriformis insertion

A

Superior border of greater trochanter of femur

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19
Q

Piriformis innervation

A

Branches of anterior rami S1, S2

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20
Q

Piriformis action

A

Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

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21
Q

Obturator internus origin

A

Pelvis surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones

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22
Q

Obturator internus insertion

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

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23
Q

Obturator internus innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus L5, S1

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24
Q

Obturator internus action

A

Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

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25
Q

Superior and inferior gemelli origin

A

Superior: ischial spine
Inferior: ischial tuberosity

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26
Q

Superior and inferior gemelli insertion

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur

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27
Q

Superior gemelli innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus L5, S1

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28
Q

Inferior gemelli innervation

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris L5, S1

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29
Q

Superior and inferior gemelli action

A

Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

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30
Q

Quadratus femoris origin

A

Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

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31
Q

Quadratus femoris insertion

A

Quadratus tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it

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32
Q

Quadratus femoris origin

A

lateral surface of ishcial tuberosity

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33
Q

quadratus femoris insertion

A

quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur, and area inferior to it

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34
Q

quadratus femoris innervation

A

nerve to quadratus femoris L5 S1

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35
Q

quadratus femoris action

A

laterally rotates thigh, steadies FA in acetabulum

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36
Q

biceps femoris origin: LONG HEAD

A

ischial tuberosity

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37
Q

biceps femoris origin: SHORT HEAD

A

linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

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38
Q

biceps femoris insertion

A

lateral side of head of fibula; tendon spilt here by LCL

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39
Q

biceps femoris innervation LONG HEAD

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2

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40
Q

biceps femoris innervation SHORT HEAD

A

common peroneal division of sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2

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41
Q

biceps femoris action

A

flexes leg and laterally rotates it when knee is flexed; extends thigh (accelerating mass during first step of gait)

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42
Q

semitendinosus origin

A

ischial tuberosity

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43
Q

semitendinosus insertion

A

pes anserine (medial surface of superior part of tibia)

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44
Q

semitendinosus innervation

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2

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45
Q

semitendinosus action

A

extends thigh; flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed. When thigh and leg are flexed, these muscles can extend the trunk

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46
Q

semimembranosus origin

A

ishchial tuberosity

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47
Q

semimembranosus insertion

A

posterior part of medial condyle of tibia; reflected attachment forms oblique popliteal ligament

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48
Q

semimembranosus innervation

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve L5 S1 S2

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49
Q

semimembranosus action

A

extends thigh; flexes leg and rotates it medially when knee is flexed

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50
Q

adductor magnus origin

A

ADD part: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium

HAM part: ischial tuberosity

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51
Q

adductor magnus insertion ADD part

A

gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, supracondylar line

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52
Q

adductor magnus insertion HAM part

A

adductor tubercle of femur

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53
Q

adductor magnus innervation ADD part

A

obturator nerve L2 L3 L4 branches of posterior division

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54
Q

adductor magnus innervation HAM part

A

tibial part of sciatic nerve L4

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55
Q

adductor magnus action

A

adducts thigh
ADD: flexes thigh
HAM: extends thigh

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56
Q

adductor longus origin

A

body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

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57
Q

adductor longus insertion

A

middle third of linea aspera femur

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58
Q

adductor longus innervation

A

obturator nerve branch of anterior division L2 L3 L4

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59
Q

adductor longus action

A

adducts thigh

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60
Q

adductor brevis origin

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

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61
Q

adductor brevis insertion

A

pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

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62
Q

adductor brevis innervation

A

obturator nerve L2 L3

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63
Q

adductor brevis action

A

adducts thigh; some extent flexes

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64
Q

gracilis orign

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

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65
Q

gracilis insertion

A

pes anserine (superior part of medial surface of tibia)

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66
Q

gracilis innervation

A

obturator nerve L2 L3

67
Q

gracilis action

A

adducts thigh; flexes leg; helps rotate leg medially

68
Q

obturator externus origin

A

margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

69
Q

obturator externus insertion

A

trochanteric fossa of femur

70
Q

obturator externus innervation

A

obturator nerve L3 L4

71
Q

obturator externus action

A

laterally rotates thigh; steadies FA in acetabulum

72
Q

psoas major origin

A

sides of T12- L5 vertebrae and discs between; transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

73
Q

psoas major insertion

A

lesser trochanter of femur

74
Q

psoas major innervation

A

anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1 L2 L3

75
Q

psoas major action

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint and in stabilizing this joint

76
Q

psoas minor origin

A

sides of T12- L1 vertebrae and IVD

77
Q

psoas minor insertion

A

***pectineal line, pectineal eminence via iliopectineal arch

78
Q

psoas minor innervation

A

anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1 L2

79
Q

psoas minor action

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip and in stabilizing this joint

80
Q

iliacus origin

A

iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments

81
Q

iliacus insertion

A

tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter and femur distal to it

82
Q

iliacus innervation

A

femoral nerve L2 L3

83
Q

iliacus action

A

acts conjointly in flexing thigh at hip and stabilizing this joint

84
Q

sartorius origin

A

ASIS and superior part of notch inferior to it

85
Q

sartorius insertion

A

superior of medial surface of tibia (pes anserine)

86
Q

sartorius innervation

A

femoral nerve L2 L3

87
Q

sartorius action

A

flexes abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint; flexes leg at knee joint (medially rotating leg when knee is flexed)

88
Q

pectineus orign

A

superior ramus of pubis

89
Q

pectineus insertion

A

pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter

90
Q

pectineus innervation

A

femoral nerve L2 L3 (may receive branch of obturator nerve)

91
Q

pectineus action

A

adducts and flexes thigh; assists with medial rotation of thigh

92
Q

rectus femoris origin

A

AIIS and ilium superior to acetabulum

93
Q

rectus femoris insertion

A

Quad tendon and independent attachments to base of patella; indirectly patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity

94
Q

rectus femoris innervation

A

femoral nerve L2 L3 L4

95
Q

rectus femoris action

A

extends leg at knee joint; steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex thigh

96
Q

vastus lateralis origin

A

greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

97
Q

vastus lateralis insertion

A

quad tendon and independent attachment to base of patella; indirectly to patellar lig. to tibial tuberosity;
tibia and patella via aponeurosis

98
Q

vastus lateralis innervation

A

femoral nerve L2 L3 L4

99
Q

vastus lateralis action

A

extends the leg at knee joint; helps ilipsoas flex thigh and steadies hip joint

100
Q

vatsus medialis origin

A

intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur

101
Q

vastus medialis insertion

A

quad tendon and independent attachment to base of patella; indirectly to patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity;
tibia and patella via aponeurosis

102
Q

vastus medialis innervation

A

femoral nerve L2 L3 L4

103
Q

vastus medialis action

A

extends leg at knee joint; steadies hip and helps iliopsoas flex thigh

104
Q

vastus intermedius origin

A

anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

105
Q

vastus intermedius insertion

A

quad tendon and independent attachments to the base of the patella; indirectly to patellar ligament and tibial tuberosity; tibia and patella via aponeurosis

106
Q

vastus intermedius innervation

A

femoral n L2 L3 L4

107
Q

vastus intermedius action

A

extends leg at knee joint, stabilizes hip joint and help iliopsoas flex thigh

108
Q

articularis genu origin

A

supero-inferiorlu attaches to the anterior aspect of femur

109
Q

articularis genu insertion

A

inferior to synovial membrane of knee joint and suprapatellar bursa

110
Q

articularis genu innervation

A

femoral nerve L2 L3 L4

111
Q

articularis genu action

A

pulls the synovial membrane superiorly during extension of the leg

112
Q

tibialis anterior origin

A

lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane

113
Q

tibialis anterior insertion

A

medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

114
Q

tibialis anterior innervation

A

deep fibular nerve L4 L5

115
Q

tibialis anterior action

A

dorsiflexes ankle and inverts foot

116
Q

extensor hallucis longus origin

A

middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

117
Q

EHL insertion

A

dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of great toe

118
Q

EHL innervation

A

deep fibular nerve L4 L5

119
Q

EHL action

A

extends great toe and dorsiflexes ankle

120
Q

extensor digitorum longus origin

A

lateral condyle of tibia and superior 3/4 of medial surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

121
Q

EDL insertion

A

middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits

122
Q

EDL innervation

A

deep fibular nerve L4 L5

123
Q

EDL action

A

extends lateral four digits and dorsiflexes ankle

124
Q

Peroneus tertius* origin

A

inferior third of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane

125
Q

Peroneus tertius insertion

A

dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal

126
Q

Peroneus tertius innervation

A

deep fibular nerve L4 L5

127
Q

Peroneus tertius action

A

dorsiflexes ankle and aids in eversion of the foot; perception

128
Q

peroneus longus origin

A

head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

129
Q

peroneus longus insertion

A

base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

130
Q

peroneus longus innervation

A

superficial fibular nerve L5 S1 S2

131
Q

peroneus longus action

A

everts foot and weakly PF’s; perception

132
Q

peroneus brevis origin

A

inferior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula

133
Q

peroneus brevis insertion

A

dorsal surface of tuberosity of 5th metatarsal (lateral side of base)

134
Q

peroneus brevis innervation

A

superficial fibular nerve L5 S1 S2

135
Q

peroneus brevis action

A

everts foot and weakly plantarflexes ankle; percpetion

136
Q

gastrocnemius origin

A

Lateral head: lateral aspect of lateral condyle on femur

Medial head: popliteal surface of femur; superior to medial condyle

137
Q

gastroc insertion

A

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

138
Q

gastroc nerve

A

tibial nerve S1 S2

139
Q

gastroc action

A

plantarflexes ankle when knee is extended; raises heel during walking; flexes leg at knee joint

140
Q

soleus origin

A

posterior aspect of head and superior 1/4 of posterior surface of fibula; soleal line and middle third of medial border of tibia; and tendinous arch extending between the boney attachments

141
Q

soleus insertion

A

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

142
Q

soleus innervation

A

deep fibular nerve S1 S2

143
Q

soleus action

A

plantarflexes ankle independent of position of knee; steadies leg on foot

144
Q

plantaris origin

A

inferior end of lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament

145
Q

plantaris insertion

A

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

146
Q

plantaris nerve

A

tibial S1 S2

147
Q

plantaris action

A

weakly assists gastroc in PF

148
Q

popliteus origin

A

lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus

149
Q

popliteus insertion

A

posterior surface of tibia; superior to soleal line

150
Q

popliteus innervation

A

tibial nerve L4 L5 S1

151
Q

popliteus action

A

weaklu flexes knee and unlocks it by rotating femur 5 degrees on fixed tibia; medially rotates tibia of unplanted limb

152
Q

flexor hallucis longus origin

A

inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula; inferior part of IO

153
Q

FHL insertion

A

base of distal phalanx of great toe

154
Q

FHL innervation

A

tibial nerve S2 S3

155
Q

FHL action

A

flexes great toe at all joints; weak PF of ankle; supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

156
Q

flexor digitorum longus origin

A

medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; by broad tendon to fibula

157
Q

FDL insertion

A

base of distal phalanges of lateral four digits

158
Q

FDL innervation

A

tibial nerve S2 S3

159
Q

FDL action

A

flexes lateral four digits; PF ankle; supports longitudinal arch of foot

160
Q

tibialis posterior origin

A

IO; posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; posterior surface of fibula

161
Q

tibialis posterior insertion

A

tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and sustentaculum tali of calcaneus; bases of 2nd 3rd and 4th metatarsals

162
Q

tibialis posterior innervation

A

tibial nerve L4 L5

163
Q

tibialis posterior action

A

plantarflexes ankle; inverts foot

Anatomy (6 decks)

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