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Anatomy > Final muscles > Flashcards

Final muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Lat dorsi origin

A

Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3 or 4 ribs (~inferior angle of scapula)

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2
Q

lat dorsi insertion

A

floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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3
Q

lat dorsi innervation

A

thoracodorsal nerve C6 C7 C8

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4
Q

lat dorsi action

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body towards arms during climbing

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5
Q

trapezius origin

A

Medial third of superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance; nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae

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6
Q

trapezius insertion

A

lateral third of clavicle; acromion and spine of scapula

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7
Q

trapezius innervation

A

spinal accessory n. (CN XI) (motor fibers) and C3, C4 spinal nerves (pain and proprioceptive fibers

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8
Q

trapezius actions

A

Descending: elevates
Ascending: depresses
Middle/all parts together: retracts scapula
Descending and ascending: rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

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9
Q

SCM origin

A

Sternal head: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum

Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle

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10
Q

SCM insertion

A

Lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line

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11
Q

SCM innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI, motor); C2 and C3 nerves (pain and proprioception)

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12
Q

SCM action

A

Unilateral contraction: tilts head to same side (i.e. laterally flexes neck) and rotates it so face is turned superiorly toward opposite side Bilateral contraction: (1) extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints, (2) flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approaches manubrium, (3) extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so chin is thrust forward with head kept level
With cervical vertebrae fixed, may elevate manubrium and medial ends of clavicles, assisting pump-handle action of deep respiration

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13
Q

serratus anterior origin

A

External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st- 8th ribs

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14
Q

serratus anterior insertion

A

anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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15
Q

serratus anterior innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

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16
Q

serratus anterior action

A

Protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall, rotates scapula superiorly

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17
Q

rhomboid M origin

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae

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18
Q

rhomboid M insertion

A

Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

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19
Q

rhomboid M innervation

A

dorsal scapular C4 C5

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20
Q

rhomboid M action

A

retract scapula and rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly; fix scapula to thoracic wall

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21
Q

rhomboid m origin

A

nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae

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22
Q

rhomboid m insertion

A

smooth triangular area at end of medial spine

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23
Q

rhomboid m innervation

A

dorsal scapular C4 C5

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24
Q

rhomboid m action

A

retract scapula and rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly; fix scapula to thoracic wall

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25
Q

supraspinatus origin

A

supraspinous fossa of scapula

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26
Q

supraspinatus insertion

A

superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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27
Q

supraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve C4-C5

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28
Q

supraspinatus action

A

initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with rotator cuff muscles

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29
Q

infraspinatus origin

A

infraspinous fossa of scapula

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30
Q

infraspinatus insertion

A

middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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31
Q

infraspinatus innervation

A

suprascapular nerve C5-C6

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32
Q

infraspinatus action

A

laterally rotates arm; acts with rotator cuff muscles

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33
Q

teres minor origin

A

middle part of lateral border of scapula

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34
Q

teres minor insertion

A

inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

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35
Q

teres minor innervation*

A

axillary nerve C5-C6

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36
Q

teres minor action

A

laterally rotates arm; acts with rotator cuff muscles

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37
Q

teres major origin

A

posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

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38
Q

teres major insertion

A

medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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39
Q

teres major innervation

A

lower subscapular C5 C6

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40
Q

teres major action

A

adducts and medially rotates arm

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41
Q

pec major origin Clavicular head

A

anterior surface of medial half of clavicle

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42
Q

pec major origin Sternocostal head

A

anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique m.

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43
Q

pec major insertion

A

lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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44
Q

pec major innervation

A

lateral and medial pectoral nerves; clavicular head C5 C6, sternocostal head C7 C8 T1

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45
Q

pec major action

A

adducts and medially rotates humerus. Clavicular head flexes humerus; SC head extends it from flexed position

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46
Q

pec minor origin

A

3rd- 5th ribs near their costal cartilages

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47
Q

pec minor insertion

A

medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula

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48
Q

pec minor innervation

A

medial pectoral nerve C8 T1

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49
Q

pec minor action

A

stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

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50
Q

serratus anterior origin

A

external surfaces of lateral parts of 1-8 ribs

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51
Q

serratus anterior insertion

A

anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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52
Q

serratus anterior innervation*

A

long thoracic nerve C5-C7

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53
Q

serratus anterior action

A

protracts scapula and holds it against thoracic wall; rotates scapula superiorly

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54
Q

deltoid origin

A

lateral third of clavicle, acromion (middle) and spine of scapula (posterior)

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55
Q

deltoid insertion

A

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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56
Q

deltoid innervation*

A

axillary nerve C5-C6

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57
Q

deltoid action

A

anterior: flexes and medially rotates arm
middle: abducts arm
posterior: extends and laterally rotates arm

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58
Q

subscapularis origin

A

subscapular fossa (anterior surface of scapula)

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59
Q

subscapularis insertion

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

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60
Q

subscapularis innervation

A

upper and lower subscapular nerves C5-C7

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61
Q

subscapularis action

A

medially rotates arm; holds head of humerus in GC

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62
Q

biceps brachii origin

A

short: tip of coracoid process
long: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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63
Q

biceps brachii insertion

A

tuberosity of radius and fasica of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

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64
Q

biceps brachii innervation

A

musculotaneous nerve C5-C7

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65
Q

biceps brachii action

A

supinates forearm and when supine, flexes it; short head resists dislocation of shoulder

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66
Q

brachialis origin

A

distal half of anterior surface of humerus

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67
Q

brachialis insertion

A

coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

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68
Q

brachialis innervation

A

musculotaneous n. C5-C6 and radial nerve C5 *C7

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69
Q

brachialis action

A

relatively weak flexion of forearm; maximal when forearm is mid-pronated position

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70
Q

triceps brachii origin

A

long head: infraglenoid tubercle

lateral: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
medial: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

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71
Q

triceps brachii insertion

A

proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm

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72
Q

triceps brachii innervation

A

radial n. C6-C8

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73
Q

triceps brachii action

A

chief extensor of forearm; long head resists dislocation of the humerus - especially important during adduction

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74
Q

FDS origin

A

humero-ulnar: medial epicondyle & coronoid process

radial: superior half of anterior border

75
Q

FDS insertion

A

middle phalanges of medial four digits

76
Q

FDS innervation

A

median n. C7-T1

77
Q

FDS action

A

flexes middle phalanges at PIP of middle 4 digits; more strongly, flexes proximal phalanges at MCP joints

78
Q

FDP origin

A

proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane

79
Q

FDP insertion

A

medial: distal phalanges of 4 and 5
lateral: distal phalanges of 2 and 3

80
Q

FDP innervation

A

medial: ulnar nerve C8 T1
lateral: anterior interosseous n. from median nerve C8 T1

81
Q

FDP action

A

medial: flexes distal phalanges of 4 and 5 at DIP
lateral: flexes distal phalanges of 2 and 3 at DIP

82
Q

extensor digitorum origin (hand)

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

83
Q

extensor digitorum insertion

A

extensor expansions of medial 4 digits

84
Q

extensor digitorum innervation

A

deep branch of radial nerve C7 C8

85
Q

extensor digitorum action

A

extends medial 4 digits at MCP, secondarily at IP joints

86
Q

gluteus maximus origin

A

ilium posterior to posterior to gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament

87
Q

glut max insertion

A

most in IT band, some on gluteal tuberosity

88
Q

glut max innervation

A

inferior gluteal nerve L5 S1 S2

89
Q

glut max action

A

extends thigh from flexed position and laterally rotates; steadies thigh, assists in rising from seated position

90
Q

glut medius origin

A

external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

91
Q

glut medius insertion

A

lateral surface of GT

92
Q

glut med innervation

A

sup gluteal n. L5 S1

93
Q

glut min origin

A

posterior surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

94
Q

glut min insertion

A

lateral surface of GT

95
Q

glut min innervation

A

sup. gluteal n L5 S1

96
Q

glut med action

A

abduct and medially rotate thigh; keeps pelvis level when same side limb is weight bearing and advance unsupported side in swing phase

97
Q

glut min action

A

abduct and medially rotate thigh; keeps pelvis level when same side limb is weight bearing and advances unsupported side in swing

98
Q

biceps femoris origin

A

long: ischial tuberosity
short: linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

99
Q

biceps femoris insertion

A

lateral side of head of fibula

100
Q

biceps femoris innervation

A

LH: tibial n. L5 S1 S2
SH: common fibular L5 S1 S2

101
Q

biceps femoris action

A

flexes leg and laterally rotates it when knee is flexes; extends thigh

102
Q

semitendinosus origin

A

ischial tuberosity

103
Q

semitend insertion

A

pes anserine

104
Q

semiten innervation

A

tibial n. L5 S1 S2

105
Q

semitend action

A

extends thigh; flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed
when thigh and leg are flexed, these muscles can extend trunk

106
Q

semimembranosus origin

A

ischial tuberosity

107
Q

semimembranosus insertion

A

posterior part of medial condyle of tibia; forms oblique popliteal lig

108
Q

semimem innervation

A

tibial L5 S1 S2

109
Q

semimem action

A

extends thigh; flexes leg and rotates it medially when knee is flexed
can extend trunk when thigh and leg are flexed

110
Q

adductor magnus origin

A

add: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
HS: ischial tuberosity

111
Q

add magnus insertion

A

Add: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, supracondylar line of femur
HS: adductor tubercle

112
Q

add mangus innervation

A

Add: obturator L2 L3 L4 posterior branches
HS: tibial L4

113
Q

add magnus action

A

adducts thigh
add: flexes thigh
HS: extends thigh

114
Q

adductor longus origin

A

body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

115
Q

adductor longus insertion

A

middle third of linea aspera of femur

116
Q

adductor longus innervation

A

obturator n. anterior division L2 L3 L4

117
Q

adductor longus action

A

adducts thigh

118
Q

gracilis origin

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

119
Q

gracilis insertion

A

superior part of medial surface of tibia

120
Q

gracilis innervation

A

obturator n. L2 L3

121
Q

gracilis action

A

adducts thigh; flexes leg; helps rotate leg medially

122
Q

psoas major origin

A

sides of T12 L5 vertebrae and IVD, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

123
Q

psoas major insertion

A

lesser trochanter of femur

124
Q

psoas major innervation

A

ant rami of lumbar nerve L1-L3

125
Q

psoas major action

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip and stabilizing it

126
Q

psoas minor origin

A

sides of T12-L1 and IVD

127
Q

psoas minor insertion

A

pectineal line, iliopectineal emenince via iliopectineal arch

128
Q

psoas minor innervation

A

ant rami lumbar L1 L2

129
Q

psoas minor action

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip and stabilizing it

130
Q

iliacus origin

A

iliac crest and iliac fossa, ala of sacrum and anterior sacro-iliac ligaments

131
Q

iliacus insertion

A

tendon of psoas major, LT, and femur distal to it

132
Q

iliacus innervation

A

femoral n. L2 L3

133
Q

iliacus action

A

act conjointly in flexing thigh at hip and in stabilizing this joint

134
Q

rectus femoris origin

A

AIIS and ilium superior to acetabulum

135
Q

rectus femoris insertion

A

quad tendon and independently to patella; indirectly to patellar ligament

136
Q

rectus femoris innervation

A

femoral n. L2 L3 L4

137
Q

rectus femoris action

A

extend leg at knee joint; steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex thigh

138
Q

vastus lateralis origin

A

GT and lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

139
Q

vastus lateralis insertion

A

quad tendon, independent patella, indirectly patellar lig to tibial tuberosity, tibia and patella via aponeurosis

140
Q

vastus lateralis innervation

A

femoral n. L2-L4

141
Q

vastus lateralis action

A

extend leg at knee joint; steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex thigh

142
Q

vastus medialis origin

A

intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera

143
Q

vastus medialis insertion

A

quad tendon…

144
Q

vastus medialis innervation

A

femoral n. L2-L4

145
Q

vastus medialis action

A

extends leg at knee joint, helps iliopsoas flex thigh, steadies hip

146
Q

vastus intermedius origin

A

anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of femur

147
Q

vastus intermedius insertion

A

quad tendon…

148
Q

vastus intermedius innervation

A

femoral L2-L4

149
Q

vastus intermedius action

A

extends leg at knee joint

150
Q

tibialis anterior origin

A

lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia and IO

151
Q

tibialis anterior insertion

A

medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal

152
Q

tibialis anterior innervation

A

deep fibular n. L4 L5

153
Q

tibialis anterior action

A

DF of ankle and inversion of foot

154
Q

peroneus longus origin

A

head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula

155
Q

peroneus longus insertion

A

base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

156
Q

peroneus longus innervation

A

superficial fibular n. L5-S2

157
Q

peroneus longus action

A

everts foot, weak PF; perception

158
Q

peroneus brevis origin

A

inferior two thirds of lateral surface of fibula

159
Q

peroneus brevis insertion

A

dorsal surface of tuberosity on lateral side of base of 5th metatarsal

160
Q

peroneus brevis innervation

A

superficial fibular n. L5-S2

161
Q

peroneus brevis action

A

weak PF, eversion, perception

162
Q

gastrocnemius origin

A

lateral: lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur
medial: popliteal surface of femur; superior to medial condyle

163
Q

gastrocnemius insertion

A

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

164
Q

gastroc innervation

A

tibial n. S1 S2

165
Q

gastroc action

A

PF ankle when knee is extended; raises heel during walking; flexes leg at knee joint

166
Q

soleus origin

A

posterior aspect of head and superior 1/4 of posterior surface of fibula; soleal line and middle 1/3 of medial border of tibia; tendinous arch extending between boney attachments

167
Q

soleus insertion

A

posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

168
Q

soleus innervation

A

tibial n. S1 S2

169
Q

soleus action

A

PF ankle independent of position of knee; steadies leg on foot

170
Q

FHL origin

A

inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula; inferior part of IO

171
Q

FHL insertion

A

base of distal phalanx of great toe

172
Q

FHL innervation

A

tibial n. S2 S3

173
Q

FHL action

A

flexes great toe at all joints, weak PF, supports medial longitudinal arch

174
Q

FDL origin

A

medial part of posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; broad tendon to fibula

175
Q

FDL insertion

A

base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

176
Q

FDL action

A

flexes lateral 4 digits; PF; supports longitudinal arches

177
Q

Tibialis posterior origin

A

IO; posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; posterior surface of fibula

178
Q

tibialis posterior insertion

A

tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform, cubdoi, and susentaculum tali of calcaneus; bases of 2-4 metatarsals

179
Q

tib posterior innervation

A

tibial nerve L4 L5

180
Q

tib posterior action

A

PF; inversion

181
Q

SCM origin

A

sternal: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum
clavicular: superior surface of medial third of clavicle

182
Q

SCM insertion

A

lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line

183
Q

SCM innervation

A

spinal accessory and C2 C3 pain and proprioception

Anatomy (6 decks)

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