Unit 4 Lecture Notes & Study Sheets Flashcards
TYL: Attribution Errors
if I trip it’s because of the furniture placement; if others trip it’s because they are clumsy
actor-observer effect
TYL: Attribution Errors
if I pass the test, it’s because I am smart; if I fail it, it is because the test is unfair
self-serving bias
TYL: Attribution Errors
if my team wins, it’s because we are talented; if we fail it is because the other team had an unfair advantage
group-serving bias
TYL: Attribution Errors
if others run a red light, it’s because they are impatient
correspondence bias (aka fundamental attribution error)
TYL: Attribution Errors
if people are poor, it’s because they deserve it
belief in a just world
what attributes outcomes to something internal - caused by personality
dispositionally
what attributes outcomes to something external - caused by situation
situationally
how we neglect the situation when judging others’ negative outcomes (thus attribute it dispositionally)
correspondence bias
how we judge our own positive outcomes (dispositionally) and negative outcomes (situationally)
self-serving bias
how we judge our groups’ outcomes as we do our own (as described in self-serving bias)
group-serving bias
how we judge ourselves (self-serving bias) and others (oppositely)
actor-observer bias
TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena
Camila is a runner and kicks butt best when she has an audience.
social facilitation
TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena
Jack slacks on his group assignment.
social loafing
TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena
Asha’s car broke down on a busy street, but no one stopped to help.
bystander effect
TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena
Tim’s group makes a bad decision so not to dissent from the majority.
groupthink
TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena
Each time the pro-life and pro-choice groups meet, the members become more pro-life and pro-choice, respectively.
group polarization
TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena
Lily only paraded topless because all the other women did.
deindividuation
Who is Steve Hassan?
involved himself with Moonie Doctrine; is now a cult deprogramming expert
What is the estimated number of cults today?
2,500
What is a group of people who share common ideology and are lead by a powerful, charismatic leader?
cult
- not all cults are harmful
What are the 3 warning signs of a harmful cult?
- Communications outside group are discouraged
- Leader is authoritarian (makes decisions unilaterally)
- Theology is exclusive; what is taught is the only truth
What are the three modus operandi of cults?
- plays on belonging and existential needs of people
- engaging in mind control
- escalating demands
- subtle threats
What are the ways a cult engages in mind control?
chanting, repetition, lack of sleep or nutrition
What are cult victims’ symptoms similar to?
temporal lobe damage
What are the 4 cult victims’ symptoms?
irritability, loss of libido, loss of a sense of humor, heightened paranoia
Which concept did the musical recital vs. card game demo AND the controversial issue demo illustrate?
framing effects; simply because of the title, the paragraph was interpreted differently
What is the self enhancement bias?
the tendency to think we are a little better than we are
Which concept did the self-ranking homework assignment illustrate?
self-enhancement bias
What kind of love is based on physical attraction?
eros
What kind of love sees love as a game?
ludus
What kind of love is most comfortable becoming close friends first, then developing a dating relationship?
storge
What kind of love seeks a mate for a practical reason?
pragma
What kind of love is attracted to high drama relationships?
mania
What kind of love is a selfless, giving, altruistic kind of love?
agape
What are the predicted gender differences regarding love?
men - eros
women - agape
What are the found gender differences regarding love?
men - ludic
women - pragmatic, storge
What kind of relationship is least likely to last?
eros
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Ada is persistently sad and no longer interested in hobbies she used to pursue passionately.
major depression
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Abdu experiences attacks during which his heart beats so hard he think he is dying
panic disorder
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Aimi experiences flashbacks and nightmares since getting raped.
PTSD
TYL: Symptoms &Disorders
Haruto hears voices and thinks that extraterrestrials control his thoughts.
schizophrenia
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Alina has a fear of germs and washes her hands so much that they get red and chapped.
OCD
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Anton’s fear of flying has prevented him from getting a promotion at his job.
phobic disorder
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Ester sweats profusely and her voice trembles when talking to people
social anxiety disorder
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Filip rocks persistently, avoids eye contact with others, and has communication difficulties.
autism spectrum
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Alice is afraid to leaver her home and go out in public.
agoraphobia
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
William is anxious about pretty much everything, pretty much all of the time.
generalized anxiety disorder
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Sophia has periods of sadness, but also periods of elation, energy and nonstop talking.
bipolar disorder
TYL: Symptoms & Disorders
Kyle is easily distracted and has difficulty sitting still.
ADHD
TYL: Disorders and Treatments
psychotherapy and antipsychotics
schizophrenia
TYL: Disorders and Treatments
CBT, antidepressants, and exercise
major depression disorder
TYL: Disorders and Treatments
CBT and lithium bicarbonate
bipolar
TYL: Disorders and Treatments
behavioral therapy and stimulants
ADHD
TYL: Disorders and Treatments
CBT and either anti-anxiety or antidepressants
OCD
TYL: Disorders and Treatments
applied behavioral therapy (anti-psychotics just to stop self-harm)
autism spectrum
What are the criteria (4 D’s) in diagnosing a disorder?
deviance, dysfunctional, demand, danger
what are the two components of OCD?
cognitive, behavioral
what is the cognitive component of OCD?
obsessive irrational thoughts cause anxiety
what is the behavioral component of OCD?
performing irrational rituals
what are the two types of episodes of bipolar disorder?
mania and depression
what is mania in bipolar disorder characterized by?
increased self esteem
high energy/decreased perceived need for sleep
grandiose planning
reckless, impulsive behavior
which mental illness is the most out of touch with reality, with a diverse set of symptoms?
schizophrenia
regarding schizophrenia, what is there a correlation between?
mental health services and functioning
what are the two ways schizophrenia is diagnosed?
positive vs. negative symptoms
old sub-types
what are positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
they are often treated differently
what are the four subtypes of schizophrenia?
paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated
Film: Elling
What country is the film from?
Oslo
Film: Elling
What are the three characters?
Elling, Kjel, Frank
Film: Elling
How long has each been institutionalized?
Elling: 4 years
Kjel: 20 years (1/2 of life)
Film: Elling
What things do we take for granted that they needed to learn?
answering the door and phone, social skills, leaving home, shopping, navigating neighborhood
Film: Elling
What are some symptoms displayed by each person?
Elling: neuroticism, anxiety ticks (clapping hands)
Kjel: strong emotions cause self-inflicted harm, lack of social skills
Film: Elling
Parenting style displayed by Frank
authoritative (high demand, highly responsive to need, clear boundaries)
Film: Elling
Psychologist who felt being “better than average” is most important part of happiness
Adler
Film: Elling
What did Elling find he was better than average at?
poetry
Film: Elling
What was Frank surprised to find Kjel was better than average at?
automechanics and engineering
Film: Elling
How did Kjel help Elling?
encouraged him to go out and try new things; acted as Elling’s protector
Film: Elling
How did each man show improved psychological health during the film?
were able to:
- see from other’s pov
- care for another person; self sacrificing
- enjoy life more
Film: Elling
What else do the men need to prove before passing as self-supporting?
jobs
Film: Elling
What would Frank’s job be in this regard?
to find jobs for Elling and Kjel
Film: Elling
How long do patients get to prove themselves to be self supporting?
two years
Film: Elling
How much does it cost taxpayers for their monthly stipend while on probation and learning?
in the US, it costs 10x more for institutionalization than monthly stipend
