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PSY101 > Unit 4 Lecture Notes & Study Sheets > Flashcards

Unit 4 Lecture Notes & Study Sheets Flashcards

1
Q

TYL: Attribution Errors

if I trip it’s because of the furniture placement; if others trip it’s because they are clumsy

A

actor-observer effect

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2
Q

TYL: Attribution Errors

if I pass the test, it’s because I am smart; if I fail it, it is because the test is unfair

A

self-serving bias

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3
Q

TYL: Attribution Errors

if my team wins, it’s because we are talented; if we fail it is because the other team had an unfair advantage

A

group-serving bias

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4
Q

TYL: Attribution Errors

if others run a red light, it’s because they are impatient

A

correspondence bias (aka fundamental attribution error)

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5
Q

TYL: Attribution Errors

if people are poor, it’s because they deserve it

A

belief in a just world

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6
Q

what attributes outcomes to something internal - caused by personality

A

dispositionally

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7
Q

what attributes outcomes to something external - caused by situation

A

situationally

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8
Q

how we neglect the situation when judging others’ negative outcomes (thus attribute it dispositionally)

A

correspondence bias

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9
Q

how we judge our own positive outcomes (dispositionally) and negative outcomes (situationally)

A

self-serving bias

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10
Q

how we judge our groups’ outcomes as we do our own (as described in self-serving bias)

A

group-serving bias

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11
Q

how we judge ourselves (self-serving bias) and others (oppositely)

A

actor-observer bias

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12
Q

TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena

Camila is a runner and kicks butt best when she has an audience.

A

social facilitation

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13
Q

TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena

Jack slacks on his group assignment.

A

social loafing

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14
Q

TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena

Asha’s car broke down on a busy street, but no one stopped to help.

A

bystander effect

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15
Q

TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena

Tim’s group makes a bad decision so not to dissent from the majority.

A

groupthink

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16
Q

TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena

Each time the pro-life and pro-choice groups meet, the members become more pro-life and pro-choice, respectively.

A

group polarization

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17
Q

TYL: Group and Crowd Phenomena

Lily only paraded topless because all the other women did.

A

deindividuation

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18
Q

Who is Steve Hassan?

A

involved himself with Moonie Doctrine; is now a cult deprogramming expert

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19
Q

What is the estimated number of cults today?

A

2,500

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20
Q

What is a group of people who share common ideology and are lead by a powerful, charismatic leader?

A

cult

- not all cults are harmful

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21
Q

What are the 3 warning signs of a harmful cult?

A
  • Communications outside group are discouraged
  • Leader is authoritarian (makes decisions unilaterally)
  • Theology is exclusive; what is taught is the only truth
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22
Q

What are the three modus operandi of cults?

A
  • plays on belonging and existential needs of people
  • engaging in mind control
  • escalating demands
  • subtle threats
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23
Q

What are the ways a cult engages in mind control?

A

chanting, repetition, lack of sleep or nutrition

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24
Q

What are cult victims’ symptoms similar to?

A

temporal lobe damage

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25
Q

What are the 4 cult victims’ symptoms?

A

irritability, loss of libido, loss of a sense of humor, heightened paranoia

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26
Q

Which concept did the musical recital vs. card game demo AND the controversial issue demo illustrate?

A

framing effects; simply because of the title, the paragraph was interpreted differently

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27
Q

What is the self enhancement bias?

A

the tendency to think we are a little better than we are

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28
Q

Which concept did the self-ranking homework assignment illustrate?

A

self-enhancement bias

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29
Q

What kind of love is based on physical attraction?

A

eros

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30
Q

What kind of love sees love as a game?

A

ludus

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31
Q

What kind of love is most comfortable becoming close friends first, then developing a dating relationship?

A

storge

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32
Q

What kind of love seeks a mate for a practical reason?

A

pragma

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33
Q

What kind of love is attracted to high drama relationships?

A

mania

34
Q

What kind of love is a selfless, giving, altruistic kind of love?

A

agape

35
Q

What are the predicted gender differences regarding love?

A

men - eros

women - agape

36
Q

What are the found gender differences regarding love?

A

men - ludic

women - pragmatic, storge

37
Q

What kind of relationship is least likely to last?

A

eros

38
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Ada is persistently sad and no longer interested in hobbies she used to pursue passionately.

A

major depression

39
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Abdu experiences attacks during which his heart beats so hard he think he is dying

A

panic disorder

40
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Aimi experiences flashbacks and nightmares since getting raped.

A

PTSD

41
Q

TYL: Symptoms &Disorders

Haruto hears voices and thinks that extraterrestrials control his thoughts.

A

schizophrenia

42
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Alina has a fear of germs and washes her hands so much that they get red and chapped.

A

OCD

43
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Anton’s fear of flying has prevented him from getting a promotion at his job.

A

phobic disorder

44
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Ester sweats profusely and her voice trembles when talking to people

A

social anxiety disorder

45
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Filip rocks persistently, avoids eye contact with others, and has communication difficulties.

A

autism spectrum

46
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Alice is afraid to leaver her home and go out in public.

A

agoraphobia

47
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

William is anxious about pretty much everything, pretty much all of the time.

A

generalized anxiety disorder

48
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Sophia has periods of sadness, but also periods of elation, energy and nonstop talking.

A

bipolar disorder

49
Q

TYL: Symptoms & Disorders

Kyle is easily distracted and has difficulty sitting still.

A

ADHD

50
Q

TYL: Disorders and Treatments

psychotherapy and antipsychotics

A

schizophrenia

51
Q

TYL: Disorders and Treatments

CBT, antidepressants, and exercise

A

major depression disorder

52
Q

TYL: Disorders and Treatments

CBT and lithium bicarbonate

A

bipolar

53
Q

TYL: Disorders and Treatments

behavioral therapy and stimulants

A

ADHD

54
Q

TYL: Disorders and Treatments

CBT and either anti-anxiety or antidepressants

A

OCD

55
Q

TYL: Disorders and Treatments

applied behavioral therapy (anti-psychotics just to stop self-harm)

A

autism spectrum

56
Q

What are the criteria (4 D’s) in diagnosing a disorder?

A

deviance, dysfunctional, demand, danger

57
Q

what are the two components of OCD?

A

cognitive, behavioral

58
Q

what is the cognitive component of OCD?

A

obsessive irrational thoughts cause anxiety

59
Q

what is the behavioral component of OCD?

A

performing irrational rituals

60
Q

what are the two types of episodes of bipolar disorder?

A

mania and depression

61
Q

what is mania in bipolar disorder characterized by?

A

increased self esteem
high energy/decreased perceived need for sleep
grandiose planning
reckless, impulsive behavior

62
Q

which mental illness is the most out of touch with reality, with a diverse set of symptoms?

A

schizophrenia

63
Q

regarding schizophrenia, what is there a correlation between?

A

mental health services and functioning

64
Q

what are the two ways schizophrenia is diagnosed?

A

positive vs. negative symptoms

old sub-types

65
Q

what are positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

they are often treated differently

66
Q

what are the four subtypes of schizophrenia?

A

paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated

67
Q

Film: Elling

What country is the film from?

A

Oslo

68
Q

Film: Elling

What are the three characters?

A

Elling, Kjel, Frank

69
Q

Film: Elling

How long has each been institutionalized?

A

Elling: 4 years
Kjel: 20 years (1/2 of life)

70
Q

Film: Elling

What things do we take for granted that they needed to learn?

A

answering the door and phone, social skills, leaving home, shopping, navigating neighborhood

71
Q

Film: Elling

What are some symptoms displayed by each person?

A

Elling: neuroticism, anxiety ticks (clapping hands)
Kjel: strong emotions cause self-inflicted harm, lack of social skills

72
Q

Film: Elling

Parenting style displayed by Frank

A

authoritative (high demand, highly responsive to need, clear boundaries)

73
Q

Film: Elling

Psychologist who felt being “better than average” is most important part of happiness

A

Adler

74
Q

Film: Elling

What did Elling find he was better than average at?

A

poetry

75
Q

Film: Elling

What was Frank surprised to find Kjel was better than average at?

A

automechanics and engineering

76
Q

Film: Elling

How did Kjel help Elling?

A

encouraged him to go out and try new things; acted as Elling’s protector

77
Q

Film: Elling

How did each man show improved psychological health during the film?

A

were able to:

  • see from other’s pov
  • care for another person; self sacrificing
  • enjoy life more
78
Q

Film: Elling

What else do the men need to prove before passing as self-supporting?

A

jobs

79
Q

Film: Elling

What would Frank’s job be in this regard?

A

to find jobs for Elling and Kjel

80
Q

Film: Elling

How long do patients get to prove themselves to be self supporting?

A

two years

81
Q

Film: Elling

How much does it cost taxpayers for their monthly stipend while on probation and learning?

A

in the US, it costs 10x more for institutionalization than monthly stipend

PSY101 (4 decks)

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