Unit 1 Flashcards
Class Lecture Notes
Research Blooper:
sampling bias
random sampling
- flip coin to determine which subjects to use
Research Blooper:
confounding variables
random assignment
- flip coin to determine which participants are in which group
Research Blooper:
demand effects
(treatment works but only because of placebo effect)
blind study
- keep participants blind to the hypothesis until the data has been collected
Research Blooper:
experimenter bias
double blind study
- keep researcher (who is collecting data) blind to the hypothesis
Research Blooper:
social desirability effects
(participants are reluctant to admit to something social undesirable)
assure anonymity
TYL:
What kind of study is this?
Are rats ticklish? (do they giggle when tickled)
observational study
TYL:
What kind of study is this?
Are creativity and conformity linked?
correlational study
TYL:
What kind of study is this?
What symptons are suffered by someone with a rare disorder?
case study
TYL:
What kind of study is this?
What percentage of ASU students are male?
descriptive study
TYL:
What kind of study is this?
Does bullying cause school shootings?
experiment
TYL: - Is there a relationship? - If so, + or - ? - Strength? Creativity and conformity; r = -0.59
yes, -, moderate
TYL: - Is there a relationship? - If so, + or - ? - Strength? Attractiveness and liking; r = 0.72
yes, +, strong
TYL: - Is there a relationship? - If so, + or - ? - Strength? lightning amplitude and theft in stores; r = -0.84
yes, -, strong
TYL: - Is there a relationship? - If so, + or - ? - Strength? job morale and shoe lace color; r = .01
no
TYL: - Is there a relationship? - If so, + or - ? - Strength? grades and partying; r = -0.50
yes, -, moderate
TYL: - Is there a relationship? - If so, + or - ? - Strength? social skills and happiness; r = 0.31
yes, positive, weak
TYL: - Is there a relationship? - If so, + or - ? - Strength? # beers and clear thinking; r = 1.15
no
TYL:
- Interpreting p-value
- Significant, marginally significant, or not significant?
Indigestion affects dreams: p = 0.027
significant
TYL:
- Interpreting p-value
- Significant, marginally significant, or not significant?
Smoking leads to lung cancer: p = 0.038
significant
TYL:
- Interpreting p-value
- Significant, marginally significant, or not significant?
Bad mood decreases social skills: p = 0.079
marginally significant
- withhold judgement
needs more data collection
TYL:
- Interpreting p-value
- Significant, marginally significant, or not significant?
Physical exercise strengthens cognitive function: p = 0.008
significant
TYL:
- Interpreting p-value
- Significant, marginally significant, or not significant?
Weather affects first impressions: p = 0.001
significant
TYL:
- Interpreting p-value
- Significant, marginally significant, or not significant?
Memory pills boost students’ performance: p = 0.953
not significant
TYL:
A ___ psychologist would be most likely to author this paper….
At what age does the self image emerge: Is that me in the mirror?
developmental
TYL:
A ___ psychologist would be most likely to author this paper….
High ceilings prompt “thinking outside the box”
cognitive
TYL:
A ___ psychologist would be most likely to author this paper….
Ways money can buy you happiness!
positive
TYL:
A ___ psychologist would be most likely to author this paper….
Introverts are more affected by caffeine than extroverts
personality
TYL:
A ___ psychologist would be most likely to author this paper….
How does gambling affect brain chemistry?
biological
TYL:
A ___ psychologist would be most likely to author this paper….
How our ancestors programmed us to avoid incest
evolutionary
TYL:
A ___ psychologist would be most likely to author this paper….
Five stages of grieving the loss of a loved one
counseling
TYL:
A ___ psychologist would be most likely to author this paper….
The madness of crowds: Deviant behavior increases in crowds
social
TYL:
A ___ psychologist would be most likely to author this paper….
New treatment for cutting behavior!
clinical
TYL:
Keep your old white guys straight…
Found that dogs salivated at signs of upcoming food
Pavlov
TYL:
Keep your old white guys straight…
Believed humans are innately good and studied the best
Maslow
TYL:
Keep your old white guys straight…
Founded 1st school of psychology and 1st psychology study
Wundt
TYL:
Keep your old white guys straight…
Began cognitive psychology (study of thought processes)
Neisser
TYL:
Keep your old white guys straight…
Developed therapy technique for treatment of disorders
Freud
TYL:
Keep your old white guys straight…
Studied effects of reward and punishment
Skinner
TYL:
Keep your old white guys straight…
Promoted Gestalt Psychology - whole is greater than the sum of parts
Wertheimer
TYL:
Keep your old white guys straight…
Founded Functionalism and influenced by Darwin
James
TYL:
Keep your old white guys straight…
Humanistic psychologist who treated patients as clients
Rogers
Research Method
SCN - Skin Conductance Response
how aroused is the person?
Research Method
EEG - Elecroencephalogram
how aroused is the person?
Research Method
ERP - event-related potential
did person perceive stimulus?
Research Method
SSR - single cell recording
to what types of stimulation does this neuron respond?
Research Method
magnetoencephalography
to what parts of the brain react to this stimulus?
Research Method
PET - positive emission tomography
what parts of the brain are active during this task?
Research Method
fMRI - functional magnetic resonance imaging
what parts of the brain are active during this task?
Research Method
electrical stimulation
what behaviors occur when we stimulate this part of the brain?
Research Method
transcranial magnetic stimulation
magnetic stimulation of brain causes what behaviors?
Research Method
lesions
what behavioral changes occur with brain damage?
TYL:
composed of dense glia cells and form modes of insulation
myelin sheath
TYL:
looks like close relatives of dendrites, but messages leave (rather than enter) me through my terminal buttons
terminal branches
TYL:
highly insulated so neural messages can travel faster
axon
TYL:
space between two neurons
synapse
TYL:
located in center of cell and contains DNA
nucleus
TYL:
release chemicals into synapse
terminal button
TYL:
receive messages from other neurons
dendrites
TYL:
body of the neuron
soma
TYL:
what part of the brain looks crumpled; gives powers of higher thought
cerebral cortex
TYL:
what part of the brain is involved in emotion - especially fear
amygdala
TYL:
what part of the brain is responsible for memory.
hippocampus
TYL:
what part of the brain keeps you alive (heart beating and breathing)
medulla
TYL:
what part of the brain is responsible for the four f’s?
hypothalamus
TYL:
what part of the brain helps you sleep at night and stay awake during the day
pons
TYL:
what part of the brain is responsible for sensory information
thalamus
TYL:
what part of the brain secretes growth hormones and is sometimes manipulated by athletes
pituitary gland
TYL:
what part of the brain helps you balance
cerebellum
what & where?
Broca’s Area
frontal lobe; language production
what & where
Wernicke’s Area
temporal lobe; language comprehension
frontal lobe
higher level thinking (boss)
movement, impulse control decision making, planning, language production, personality
parietal lobe
touch/tactile information
occipital lobe
vision
temporal lobe
rest of the senses: olfactory (smell), auditory, gustatory (taste)
