Unit 4: Jefferson, Market Rev., Good feels, Jackson, Reform

Question 1

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 1

3rd president of the US Democratic Republican

Question 2

Agrarian

Answer 2

Relating to farms and farmers

Question 3

The Louisiana Purchase

Answer 3

Land bought by Jefferson from Napoleon in 1803

Question 4

Midnight Judges

Answer 4

Justices signed in by Adams on the last night of his presidency

Question 5

Judicial review

Answer 5

Court has the power to determine the constitutionality, strengthens the judiciary branch

Question 6

Tariff

Answer 6

A tax on goods imported from other countries

Question 7

Tripoli and the Barbary Pirates

Answer 7

Jefferson refused to pay tribute to pirates who were attack US ships. Instead he sent the military to handle the situation and sign a peace treaty.

Question 8

The Embargo Act

Answer 8

Jefferson forbade all exportation of goods from the US, hurting the US economy, repealed in 1809, led to the war of 1812

Question 9

The War of 1812

Answer 9

War between the US and Britain, caused by impressment and Native American attacks led by Tecumseh

Question 10

Tecumseh

Answer 10

Native American leader who led an “Indian Confederacy” against American settlements in the west

Question 11

Impressment

Answer 11

Process where British Soldiers would abduct American sailors and force them into military service

Question 12

Lewis and Clark

Answer 12

Pair of explorers tasked with charting the Louisiana Purchase (aided by Sacagewea)

Question 13

Treaty of Ghent (1814)

Answer 13

Treaty of peace that ended the war of 1812

Question 14

Hartford Convention

Answer 14

Meeting of federalists in Hartford CT to discuss opposition to the War of 1812, federalists were branded as treasonous and the party never recovered

Question 15

The Era of Good Feelings

Answer 15

Name given to James Monroe’s presidency (1812-1825), a time of high cultural pride and political unity

Question 16

The American System

Answer 16

Henry Clay’s plan for improving America’s economy, focused on high tariffs, a national bank, and internal transportation improvements

Question 17

The Rush-Bagot Treaty

Answer 17

A treaty between the US and Great Britain that demilitarized the border between the US and Canada

Question 18

The Adams/Onis Treaty of 1819

Answer 18

The US established the boundaries of their territory, while Spain surrendered Florida and the Northwest Territory of Oregon and Washington

Question 19

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 19

James Monroe’s declaration against Europe to end colonization of the western hemisphere and “mind their own business”

Question 20

Missouri Compromise of 1820

Answer 20

Compromise about if Missouri should be considered a free or slave state

Question 21

The Corrupt Bargain of 1824

Answer 21

Henry Clay threw his support behind John Quincy Adams in the election of 1824, as a result Andrew Jackson lost the race and was bitter towards the two men, ending the era of good feelings

Question 22

Market Revolution

Answer 22

The US transition from an agrarian society to an industrial capitalist society

Question 23

National Road (Cumberland Road)

Answer 23

A paved road which connected the East to the Midwest

Question 24

Fulton Steam Engine

Answer 24

Invention that allowed for faster and more efficient movement on water

Question 25

Erie Canal

Answer 25

Man made river established in upstate NY

Question 26

The Cotton Gin

Answer 26

Eli Whitney's invention that made it easier and faster to separate cotton fibers from seeds

Question 27

Nativism

Answer 27

The fear of immigrants and foreigners by those born in a specific country

Question 28

Separate Spheres

Answer 28

The concept of society having different areas for men and women, home is the domain for women and the whole working society was the domain for men

Question 29

Lowell Mill Girls

Answer 29

The group of girls and young women who worked in the earliest cotton mills in Lowell Mass.

Question 30

Nullification

Answer 30

The idea that a state can refuse to follow federal laws

Question 31

Force Bill

Answer 31

Gave Jackson the authority to use military force in NC if necessary during the Nullification Crisis

Question 32

Democrats

Answer 32

A political party that mimicked the Jeffersonian ideology of individual liberties and working against political and economic elitism

Question 33

Whigs

Answer 33

A political party that mimicked federalist system of federal supremacy and national cooperation

Question 34

Spoils system

Answer 34

Jackson's controversial policy of giving political jobs to supporters and friends (rather than qualified candidates)

Question 35

Specie Circular

Answer 35

Jackson's order that all land purchases would need to be made with fold or silver instead of paper currency

Question 36

Indian Removal Act

Answer 36

Law permitting the forced removal of Cherokee Natives in areas around Georgia, led to debates on if US laws had jurisdiction in Native territory

Question 37

Trail of Tears

Answer 37

15,000 Cherokees were forced to migrate from Georgia to Oklahoma, nearly 25% of those who made the journey died

Question 38

Bank War

Answer 38

Jackson's attack on the Bank of the US , he believed it only benefited the rich at the expense of working Americans, vetoed the rechartering of the bank in 1832

Question 39

Pet Banks

Answer 39

State banks that Jackson chose to put government money into instead of in the national bank

Question 40

Temperance

Answer 40

A movement focused on limiting or totally stopping consumption of alcohol

Question 41

Seneca Falls Convention

Answer 41

Meeting of Women's Rights Activists and Suffragists to discuss methods of obtaining the right to vote

Question 42

Declaration of Rights and Sentiments

Answer 42

Document that parodied the dec. of independence to draw attention to its treatment of women

Question 43

Transcendentalism

Answer 43

Artistic movement focused on the romantic aspects of nature and humanity, rather then religious sources. Believed humans had infinite potential and were capable of perfection

Question 44

Abolitionist Movement

Answer 44

Social movement focused on the abolition of slavery as an institution

Question 45

Nat Turners Rebellion (1831)

Answer 45

Slave rebellion which led to over 100 fatalities, led to new laws restricting movement of enslaved people in the south

Question 46

Second Great Awakening

Answer 46

Religious movement that spawned many new faiths including the baptists, Methodists, and Mormons. Focused on the individual changing their fate instead of your fate being premeditated.

Question 47

William Garrison

Answer 47

Author of abolitionist magazine "the liberator", argued for immediate and complete freedom for all African Americans in the country

Question 48

Dorothea Dix

Answer 48

Social Reformer who focused on better treatment of the mentally ill

Question 49

Fredrick Douglass

Answer 49

Famed abolitionist speaker, escaped slavery and spoke across the US and Europe about his experiences

Question 50

Susan B. Anthony

Answer 50

Women's rights activist and abolitionist, arrested as a form of protest for trying to vote

Question 51

Antebellum

Answer 51

The name given to the period between the war of 1812 and the Civil War, used mostly in reference to slavery dynamics between the north and south

Question 52

Utopian Communities

Answer 52

Theoretical perfect communities attempted during the Second Great Awakening, included the Shakers, the Oneida group and the Mormons

Question 53

Gag rule

Answer 53

Passed to prevent abolitionists from speaking about slavery in Congress

Question 54

Suffrage

Answer 54

The right or ability to vote

Question 55

Moral Suasion

Answer 55

Using social pressures to change someones behavior

Question 56

Burned Over District

Answer 56

Area in upstate NY which saw many religious revivals and new faiths during the SGA