Unit 2: North American Colonization

Question 1

Jamestown

Answer 1

The first English colony in modern day Virginia

Question 2

New Amsterdam

Answer 2

Dutch colony in modern day New York

Question 3

British Colonial Economy

Answer 3

Based on exports of raw materials and cash crops

Question 4

French Colonial Economy

Answer 4

Based on the trade of furs with native groups

Question 5

Dutch Colonial Economy

Answer 5

Based on controlling trade within North America

Question 6

Joint-Stock Company

Answer 6

Business that purchases charters from governments to establish colonies. Able to split financial burden by having many investors

Question 7

Charter

Answer 7

Permission from a monarch or government to create a colony

Question 8

Mercantilism

Answer 8

The purpose of a colony is to increase the wealth of the “mother country” through raw materials

Question 9

Pocahontas

Answer 9

a Powhatan woman (the daughter of Powhatan) who befriended the English at Jamestown and is said to have saved Captain John Smith’s life (1595-1617)

Question 10

Anglican Church

Answer 10

The Church of England

Question 11

Quaker

Answer 11

A religious group that believes all people are equal and are basically good. They feel that violence is always wrong, and refuse to carry guns or fight. They also believe in solving all problems peacefully.

Question 12

Great Migration

Answer 12

Puritan emigration to North America between 1629 and 1643

Question 13

Mayflower Compact

Answer 13

This document was drafted in 1620 prior to settlement by the Pilgrims at Plymouth Bay in Massachusetts. It declared that the 41 males who signed it agreed to accept majority rule and participate in a government in the best interest of all members of the colony

Question 14

Pilgrims

Answer 14

Settlers of Plymouth (and the Thanksgiving guys). Came for religious freedom

Question 15

New England Town Meetings

Answer 15

Democratic style of government, if on a small scale. Towns and cities grew around gathering places, and allowed mass participation in politics.

Question 16

Virginia House of Burgesses

Answer 16

The first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619, representative colony set up by England to make laws and levy taxes but England could veto its legislative acts.

Question 17

Puritan

Answer 17

A member of the Church of England who settled in North America to follow Christian beliefs in a more “pure” way.

Question 18

Separatists

Answer 18

Puritans who believed the Church of England was too corrupt to be saved. Decided to “separate” instead

Question 19

First Great Awakening

Answer 19

a time of religious fervor during the 1730s and 1740s. The movement arose in reaction to the rise of skepticism and the waning of religious faith brought about by the Enlightenment.

Question 20

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 20

American colonist (born in England) who was banished from Boston for her religious views (1591-1643)

Question 21

Jonathan Edwards

Answer 21

The most outstanding preacher of the Great Awakening. He was a New England Congregationalist and preached in Northampton, MA, he attacked the new doctrines of easy salvation for all.

Question 22

Salem Witch Trials

Answer 22

Several accusations of witchcraft led to sensational trials in Salem, Massachusetts at which Cotton Mather presided as the chief judge. 18 people were hanged as witches. Afterwards, most of the people involved admitted that the trials and executions had been a terrible mistake.

Question 23

King Philip’s War/Metacom’s War (1675-1676)

Answer 23

Conflict between Native Americans led by Metacom, and New England settlers over English encroachment on native lands.

Question 24

Nathaniel Bacon and Bacon’s Rebellion

Answer 24

Planter who led a rebellion in 1676 against the governor of the Virginia Colony

Question 25

Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee) (Five Nations)

Answer 25

Alliance between native groups in New York State. Included the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca

Question 26

Navigation Acts

Answer 26

Laws that governed trade between England and its colonies. Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.

Question 27

Indentured Servant

Answer 27

A migrant to British colonies in the Americas who paid for passage by agreeing to work for a set term

Question 28

Stono Rebellion

Answer 28

Early slave rebellion where South Carolina slaves tried to free to Spanish Florida