Unit 4 Hygiene Flashcards
Skin’s 3 layers
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
Epidermis
squamous epithelial cells organized in 4 layers
Dermis
Under the epidermis
Made of connective tissue with nervous tissue, blood, and blood vessels
Hypodermis
Under the dermis
Apidose tissue, a cushion for physical trauma, and insulates the internal environment
Whats the purpose of skin?
first line of defense against pathogen
Where are mucous membranes located?
Line the respiratory, digestive, and urinary tracts, as well as other areas exposed to the outside environment
What’s the purpose of mucous membranes?
Secrete mucous that entraps pathogens and small particles
5 moments of hand hygiene
Before touching patient
Before procedure
After procedure/body fluid risk
After touching patient
After touching patient’s surroundings
Interventions for dry skin
bathe in warm water,
bathe less frequently and use nonpetroleum moisturizers, use superfatted soap and rinse soap well,
increase fluid intake,
the lotion will help form a protective barrier
Interventions for skin rash
Wash thoroughly and apply antiseptic spray as ordered,
Warm/cold soaks can relieve inflammation and may promote comfort
Have rash evaluated by provider
Interventions for contact dermatitis
Identify and avoid contributing agents,
Remove agent,
Apply topical steroids or calamine lotion,
Tepid baths,
If severe prescription steroids may be prescribed,
Avoid touching area
w/o rinsing after
Interventions for abrasion
Wash abrasions with mild soap
Interventions for incontinence
Keep patients clean and dry
Inventions for pressure injuries
Complete skin breakdown risk assessment (i.e. Braden) to determine patients risk of skin breakdown
Continually assess for signs of skin breakdown- redness, softening/hardening, temperature variations
Recommendations for Older Adults
Daily warm bathing 5-10 mins
Maximize humidity
Use mild cleansers
Gently pat skin dry
Apply moisturizer (ointments better than lotions)
Check for presence of retinoid or alpha hydroxy acid
Wear sunscreen and lip balm with spf
See dermatologist
Foot care for diabetics
Well fitted shoes
Dry cotton socks
Warm soaks could increase risk for infection
Check between toes and soles of the feet
Nails are cut straight across- by a podiatrist
Caring for hearing aids
Hand Hygiene
Check battery- turn up volume-should hear “whistle”=feedback noise
After inserting- slowly turn up volume to 1/3-1/2 to obtain comfortable hearing level
Do not store in warm place
Remove battery when not in use for 1+days
Cultural awareness
self-assessment of one’s own cultural biases
Cultural knowledge
being willing to learn about others’ culture, values, beliefs
Cultural skill
ability to accurately assess a client’s cultural beliefs, values, lifestyle
Cultural encounters
interaction with clients outside one’s own culture
Cultural desires
commitment to become connected with clients’ cultures
Caring for silent generation
1928-1945
face-to-face, formal, written communication
Caring for baby boomers
1945-1964
in-person communication. Listen attentively
Caring for Gen X
1965-1980
cynical and pragmatic, expect timely communication, asks questions
Caring for Gen Y/Millennials
techy, diverse, like frequent feedback
Caring for Gen Z
1998-2012
instantaneous feedback, not willing to wait
Spiritual well-being
satisfaction and a feeling of contentment with one who is and their
belonging in universe
Spiritual distress
questioning life’s meaning, belief system, anger towards higher power
Assessing spirituality
FICA
Faith and belief
Importance
Community
Address in care
Assessing spirituality
HOPE
Hope
Organized religion
Personal and spiritual practices
Effects on care and end of life issues
