UNIT 4: EARLY REPUBLIC (1789–1825)

Question 1

John Adams (1797–1801)

Answer 1

Involved in The XYZ Affair and passed the Alien & Sedition Act (1789).

Question 2

XYZ Affair

Answer 2

Involved France kidnapping U.S. sailors because they were not helping or joining the war with them. When U.S. officials came to consult about this matter, they were instead met by three men named XYZ. They asked for money before talking, which deeply insulted the U.S. The French asked for it without a legitimate reason.

Question 3

Alien Act (1789)

Answer 3

Allowed the government to deport “non-citizens” or immigrants

Target those who might likely support the opposing opponent (Jefferson)

Question 4

Sedition Act (1789)

Answer 4

Made it illegal to criticize the government.

Used to silence the Democrats.

Question 5

Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions

Answer 5

Jefferson/Madison said states could nullify (cancel) unconstitutional laws.

Question 6

Gibbons v. Ogden:

Answer 6

This ruling reinforced the power of the federal government over state laws when it comes to interstate commerce.

Question 7

Causes of the War of 1812

Answer 7

British impressment (kidnapping U.S. sailors)

British arming Natives (against the U.S.)

War Hawks (wanted Canada)

Question 8

“Era of Good Feelings”

Answer 8

National pride, political unity (only one party)

Question 9

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

Answer 9

Europe → STAY OUT of the Americas!

Question 10

McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer 10

Congress ruled that could create a national bank and that states couldn’t tax it. This ruling strengthened federal power over state laws.