Unit 4 Definitions

Question 1

Sprain

Answer 1

(joint capasule, ligament, tendon)

severe stress, stretch or tear to soft tissue

Question 2

Strain

Answer 2

(muscle, muscle tendon junction)

over stretching, overuse, or over extertion of soft tissue

Question 3

Compartment syndromes

Answer 3

elevation of tissue pressure within a closed fascial compartment, causing a decreased arteriovenous pressure and decreased muscular perfusion (i.e. acute from edema or chronic from muscle hypertrophy)

Question 4

Bursitis

Answer 4

inflammation of bursci

Question 5

Tendonitis

Answer 5

Tendon inflammation

Question 6

Tenosynovitis

Answer 6

inflammation of the tendon sheath

Question 7

Contusion

Answer 7

bruise

Question 8

hematoma

Answer 8

swelling is hard

swelling comprised of a collection of blood confined to organ, tissue, or space

Question 9

Contracture

Answer 9

(muscle and soft tissue, fibrosis of connective tissue)

shorten and hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue often leading to deformity and rigidity of joint

Question 10

Plantar Fasciitis

Answer 10

heel inflammation of plantar fascia

Question 11

Trocanteric bursitis

Answer 11

inflammation of the trochanteric bursa

Question 12

Olecranon nursitis

Answer 12

inflammation of the olecranon bursa (elbow)

pain, redness and swelling around olecranon

Question 13

Myopathy

Answer 13

any congenital or acquired muscle disease, marked clinically by focal or diffuse muscular weakness

Question 14

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Answer 14

compression of nerves and or vessels in the neck, such as by the first rib pressing against the clavicle or entrapment of brachial nerves and vessesl btw the pectoralis minor muscle and the rib

Question 15

Achilles tendonitis

Answer 15

inflammation of achilles tendon

Question 16

compartment syndromes

Answer 16

elevation of tissue pressure w/in a closed fascial compartment

Question 17

trocanteric bursitis

Answer 17

inflammation of bursa @ outer greater trochantra

Question 18

De Quervain’s tenosynovitis

Answer 18

choronic tenosynovitis of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis muscles

(e.g. texting, gaming)

Question 19

Dupuytren’s contracture

Answer 19

contracture of palmar fascia usually causing the ring and little fingers to bend into the palm so that they cannot by extended

Question 20

Complex regional pain syndrome

Answer 20

an abnormal response of the nerves of the face or an extremity, marked by pain, autonomic dysfunction, vascomotor instability, and tissues swelling - often follows trauma (e.g. injury to nerve or stroke)

(e.g. start w/ the hand –> whole arm)

Question 21

Iliotibial band syndrome

Answer 21

an inflammatory overuse syndrome caused by mechanical friction btw the iliotibial band and the lateral femoral condyle

repetitive flexion and extension of the knee

results in knee pain (lateral)

(common in runners and cyclists)

Question 22

Repetitive stress injury

Answer 22

a group of conditions that are caused when too much stress is placed on a joint (e.g. bursitis, tendonitis)