UNIT 4. CONSONANTS

Question 1

__________ is a speech sound that is articulated with a complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.

Answer 1

Consonant

Question 2

________ is the movement of the articulators - tongue, lips, jaw, and others - in order to produce speech sounds.

Answer 2

Articulation

Question 3

(also called stops )

(voiced) / b /, / d /, / g / as in bank, day, get
(voiceless) / p /, / t /, / k / as in pen, tile, kite

Answer 3

Plosives

Question 4

/m/, /n/, / ŋ / as in man , night, singer

Answer 4

Nasals

Question 5

(combination of stops and fricatives)

/ tʃ/, as in chicken, child, church ,

/ dʒ /, as in just, large, gender

Answer 5

Affricates

Question 6

/f/ , / v/ ,/ θ/, / ð/, / z/, / s/, / ʃ/,/ ʒ/,/ h/ full, voice, think, those, zip, sun, shadow, pleasure, hall

Answer 6

Fricatives

Question 7

/ l / as in leg, little, pollution

Answer 7

Laterals

Question 8

(semivowels)

/ w /, / y /, / r / as in well, white, way, yes, you, rare, risk, parrot

Answer 8

Approximants

Question 9

these sounds differ in their phonetic features: they have different places of articulation since /b/ has a bilabial stop sound, and / v / is labiodental fricative.

Answer 9

/ b / and / v /

Question 10

(sometimes known as a consonant blend ) refers to two or more consonants grouped together in a word, which are pronounced with no vowels between them.

Answer 10

Consonant cluster

Question 11

the use of stress in speech helps us both deliver and understand meaning in longer utterances and it’s closely linked with __________

Answer 11

Intonation

Question 12

This term defines any meaningful stretch of language

Answer 12

Discourse

Question 13

Utterances are made up of syllables and the syllables where the main pitch movement in the utterance occurs are called ____________.

Answer 13

Tonic syllables

Question 14

The syllables that estabilish a pitch that stays constant up to the tonic syllable are called____________.

Answer 14

Onset Syllables

Question 15

The main movements of pitch, within a tone unit, are called________.

Answer 15

Tones

Question 16

Another way of looking at intonation is to consider how it varies according to the speaker’s _________ towards a situation.

Answer 16

Attitude

Question 17

These are phrases which we use in ordinary, everyday communication, but which have the characteristic that they lose their meaning if broken down and analysed.

Answer 17

Lexical Phrases

Question 18

It refers to a stretch of meaningul language.

It examines how the stresses we make, and the tone we employ when speaking, relate to utterances to the surrounding language.

Answer 18

Discourse

Question 19

The most basic intonation choice is between what are known as _________ tones and _____________ tones. The two most frequently used tones in English are the ______ and the ________.

Answer 19

Referring.

Proclaiming.

Fall

Fall-Rise

Question 20

A falling tone is called _________ tone, and the fall-rise is a _________ tone.

Answer 20

proclaiming

referring

Question 21

The constant pitch is also called ______.

Answer 21

key

Question 22

It refers to the way the voice goes up and down in pitch when we are speaking.

Answer 22

Intonation