Unit 4 AOS 2 Flashcards
List the 3 types of aid
Emergency, bilateral & multilateral
Define emergency aid
The rapid assistance given to people or countries in immediate distress to relieve suffering, during and after human-made emergencies and natural disasters
What is the purpose of emergency aid?
To provide basic necessities that meet the immediate needs of those affected and save lives and reduce suffering and further impact
Give 3 limitations of emergency aid
- short term effects, unsustainable
- doesn’t address causes of poverty, people are likely to revert back after aid is used up
- requires NGOs and governments to work together, meaning that if their priorities are not aligned, aid may not be effectively distributed
Give 3 strengths of emergency aid
- provides immediate assistance that can help save lives and reduce suffering
- ensures basic needs are met
- requires NGOs and governments to work together, which can lead to the availability of more resources
Define bilateral aid
The aid that is given by the government of one country directly to the government of another country
What is the purpose of bilateral aid
- meet the needs of country and its people
- promote peace
- reduce poverty
- build relationships between countries
Give 3 limitations of bilateral aid
- May be politically motivated, making countries reluctant to receive aid as they may become indebted
- Can favour the interests of high income countries over low income countries
- depends on governments to distribute resources effectively
Give 2 strengths of bilateral aid
- promote HWB with long term impact
- ## build international relationships, which promotes peace and prosperity through trading relationships
What is the purpose of multilateral aid
- provide emergency aid to those most in need with large-scale impact
- focused on global HWB and sustainable development
Define multilateral aid
Where aid is provided through international organisations to countries such as Syria through combining and distributing donations from a number of countries, typically high income countries
Give 3 strengths of multilateral aid
- large scale impact, can help many countries due to funding from high income countries
- increases reach of emergency aid
- puts in place long-term programs to help address core root of global health and development issue
List 3 limitations of multilateral aid
- requires emergency and bilateral aid to effectively distribute resources
- requires countries to give donations
- requires countries to accept assistance
What is the purpose of Australia’s Aid Program?
To promote Australia’s national interests by contributing to sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction
What is the focus of Australia’s aid program?
To promote prosperity, reduce poverty and enhance stability
What are the types of aid that Australia’s aid program contributes to? (partnerships)
Emergency, bilateral, multilateral, NGOs & government organisations
List the 5 priority areas of Australia’s aid program
Expanding opportunities for everyone, Pacific, Southeast Asia, Humanitarian & Building resilience: Climate action and climate financing
Define the action area Pacific & give 3 examples
To ensure the Blue Pacific remains peaceful, prosperous and equipped to respond to the challenges of our time
e.g. Kiribat, Papua New Guinea, Fiji
Define the action area Southeast Asia & give 3 examples
To promote prosperity, peace and stability in Southeast Asia
e.g. Indonesia, Phillippines, VIetnam, Laos, Myanmar
Define the action area Expanding opportunities for everyone and give 3 examples
To be inclusive of all people, including women and girls, people with disabilities and the LGBTQIA+ community
- promoting gender equality
- improving opportunities
- social inclusion overall
Define the action area Humanitarian and give 3 examples
To continue supporting partners before, during and after disasters, while increasing investment in disaster preparation
- provision of emergency aid
- provision of bilateral aid
- provision of resources to create high quality housing and education systems
Define the action area Building resilience: Climate action and climate financing
To recognize the urgency and far-reaching implications of the climate crisis and be committed to accelerating the transition towards net-zero emissions
What are NGOs?
Not for profit groups organised on local, national or international levels that provide resources and support through programs that provide opportunities and choices to improve health
List 2 NGOs
Tabitha Foundation Cambodia & World Vision Australia
What is the purpose of World Vision Australia?
To provide short and long term assistance to 1 million people worldwide to overcome poverty and injustice
To empower the poor with knowledge, skills and resources enabling them to lift themselves out of poverty
What is the purpose of the Tabitha Foundation Cambodia?
To enable the poorest in Cambodia to recognise and develop skills and resources in a way that brings dignity and respect and alleviates poverty
List 5 programs of the Tabitha Foundation Cambodia
- Community development through savings program
- Water sources program
- Cottage industry program
- School building program
- House building program
Who is WHO?
World Health Organisation established in 1984 as a branch of the UN that works to promote good health globally
What is the focus of WHO?
To attain the highest level of health for all people and build a better, healthier future for all people all over the world
List the 3 WHO priorities
Provide Health: Achieve Universal Health Coverage
Protect Health: Addressing Health Emergencies
Promote Health: Promoting Healthier Populations
Define the WHO priority area Providing Health: Achieve Universal Health Coverage
Involves receiving the health services one needs, when and where needed, without facing financial hardships
What is the aim of the WHO priorities?
To have 1 billion more people benefitting
List some examples of the work that WHO does to achieve the WHO priorities
- provide leaderships and create partnerships
- set norms and standards to promote and monitor implementation
- Monitor health and wellbeing and assess trends
- provide technical support and resources to help build sustainable health systems
Define the WHO priority Protect Health: Addressing Health Emergencies
Involves ensuring preparedness for emergencies and the capacity for quick and effective responses to reduce the impact of health emergencies on health
Define the WHO priority Promote Health: Promoting Healthier Populations
Involves focusing on the achievement of health and wellbeing globally
List the 3 types of social action
- Ethical purchasing
- Donations: time, money or things
- Think sustainably & don’t waste
Explain the social action Ethical purchasing
Involves making a conscious decision to purchase ethical and fair products
What is the purpose of ethical purchasing as a social action?
Prevents exploitation of local and small farmers and businesses, allowing them to also earn an income
Explain the social action Donations: Time, money or things
Involves donating time, money or resources to communities and organisations that work to promote HWB
Explain the social action Think sustainably & don’t waste
Involves living within one’s means and thinking about what one truly needs rather than what one wants
What is the purpose of the social action Think sustainably & don’t waste?
To preserve resources that can meet the needs of current and future generations
Define social action
Individual or group behaviour that involves interaction with other individuals or groups; organised action toward social reform.
Give a limitation of NGOs
They are funded by individuals or companies and normally don’t receive large amounts of funding as international organisations do, which can limit the reach of their aid due to less available resources and services
