Unit 4 AOS 1 Flashcards
Preventive mechanisms
Physical, chemical and microbiota barriers as preventative mechanisms of pathogenic infection in animals and plants
What are infectious diseases caused by
Pathogens
3 levels of immune defence
1 - barriers to prevent infection
2 - general responses to infection
3 - immunity against specific pathogens
What are pathogens
Disease causing agents (e.g. bacteria, viruses, etc)
Cellular pathogens
Living (e.g. parasites, protozoa, fungi)
Acellular pathogens
Non-living (e.g. viruses, prion)
Non-specific response
A response to a pathogen regardless of its type, involving physical and chemical barriers. Not affected by prior contact with a micro-organism and has no memory
Specific response
A response to a specific pathogen, involving production of specialised cells and chemical substances which act against a specific infection. Has a memory and an increased response if challenged by the same infection
First line of defence
A component of the innate immune system characterised by the presence of physical, chemical, and microbiological barriers to keep pathogens out of the host organism
Approaches to bioethics
Consequence-based
Duty-based
Virtue-based
Concepts of bioethics (JRBIN)
Justice
Respect
Beneficence
Integrity
Non-maleficence
The greatest good for the most number (concept)
Consequence-based
Consequence-based
The greatest good for the most number
Always follow the rules (concept)
Duty-based
Duty-based
Always follow the rules
