Exam revision Flashcards
Role of transfer RNA (tRNA)
Carries amino acids to the ribosome where they are assembled into a growing polypeptide chain during translation in protein synthesis
After transferring its amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain, it exits the ribosome during the translation process. This exit occurs from the E (exit) site of the ribosome. Once the amino acid is transferred, the empty ____ moves to the E site, and then leaves the ribosome, making room for a new aminoacyl-tRNA to enter the A (aminoacyl) site for the next round of protein synthesis
tRNA
Describe a phagocyte
A synonymous term for a white blood cell cell that engulfs or digests foreign pathogens through the process of endocytosis
Examples include dendritic cells, neutrophils and macrophages
What is endocytosis
Bulk transport into a cell
Unique specific self-markers, molecules, proteins on the surface of your cells that your immune cells recognise and respond to
Self-cell
Proteins can be synonymous for antigens
True or false
True
A protein on the surface of a cell that brings forth opposition
Antigen
What does ‘MHC marker’ stand for?
Major histocompatibility marker
All nucleated cells in the body have MHC 1 markers in the body
True or false
True
Why don’t red blood cells have a MHC 1 marker?
Because they don’t have a nucleus
Protein complexes that are produced inside the cell
MHC 1 markers
Degraded, broken down protein
Peptide
A toxic compound that is part of the exterior cell wall of gram-negative bacteria
Endotoxin
Toxic chemicals produced by bacteria and secreted into their surroundings
Exotoxin
Bacteria with a lipid coat on the outside of their cell wall
Gram-negative bacteria
