unit 4 anatomy SKIN

Question 1

body membranes
epithelial membranes

Answer 1

composed of epithelial tissue and an underlying layer of connective tissue

Question 2

connective tissue membranes

Answer 2

composed largely of various types of connective tissue

Question 3

cutaneous

Answer 3

skin

Question 4

serous membranes

Answer 4

simple squamous epithelium on a connective tissue basement membrane

Question 5

parietal

Answer 5

line walls of body cavities

Question 6

viscera

Answer 6

cover organs found in the body cavities

Question 7

mucous

Answer 7

line body surfaces that exit the body

Question 8

connective tissue membranes

Answer 8

do not contain epithelial components
produce a lubricant called synovial fluid( a thick liquid located in joints)
examples are the synovial membranes in the spaces between joints and in the lining of bursal sacs

Question 9

structure of the skions

Answer 9

epidermis
skin pigment
dermal epidermal junction
dermis
subcutaneous tissues

Question 10

the brown pigment MELANIN is produced by specialized cells in this layer

Answer 10

causes by UV light
it produces pigmentation in the skin

Question 11

accessory organs of the skin

Answer 11

hair
nails
skin receptors

Question 12

hair

Answer 12

soft hair of fetus and newborn is called LANUGO
epidermal tubelike - hair follicle
hair growth - papilla
visible part of the hair - shaft
arrector pili - specialized smooth muscle/ causes hair to stand upstraight

Question 13

nails

Answer 13

produces by epidermal cells over terminal ends
visible parts is called nail body
root lies in a groove and is hidden by cuticle
crescent shaped area nearest root is called lunulla
nail bed may change color with change in blood flow

Question 14

skin receptors

Answer 14

specialized nerve endings: make it possible for skin to act
lamellar corpusle; capable of detecting pressure
tactile corpuscle; capable of detecting light touch

Question 15

skin glands
eccrine sweat glands

Answer 15

most numerous, important and widespread of the sweat glands
produce perspiration or sweat, which flow out through pores on skin surface
function throughout life and assist in body heat regulation

Question 15

apocrine sweat glands

Answer 15

found primarily in the skin in the axilla
larger than eccrine glands
thicker secretion
armpits

Question 16

Sebaceous glands

SEBUM ( NATURAL SKIN MOISTURIZER)

Answer 16

secrete oil for the hair and skin
grow where hairs grow
tiny ducts open into hair follicles
sebum secretion increases during adolescence

Question 17

function of the integumentary system

Answer 17

protects (from bacteria or wounds)
pain receptor
temperature regulation
excretion( sweat glands)
vitamin D synthesis

Question 18

protection: first line of defense against

Answer 18

infection by microbes
ultraviolet rays from sun
harmful chemicals
cuts and tears

Question 19

temperature regulation

Answer 19

skin can release almost 3000 calories of body heat per day
mechanism of temperature regulation
regulation of sweat secretion
regulation of flow of blood close to the surface

Question 20

sense organ activity

Answer 20

skin functions as an enormous sense organ
receptors serve as receivers for the body, keeping
it informed of changes in its environment

Question 21

excretion

Answer 21

body rids itself of wastes
excess vitamins, drugs, and hormones can be excreted onto the skin by sweat

Question 22

synthesis of vitamin D

Answer 22

occurs when skin is exposed to ultraviolet light
vitamin D is critically important health

Question 23

The dermis is connected to underlying structures via a subcutaneous tissue

Answer 23

Dermis = support = flexibility
consist of collagen and elastin

Question 24

epidermis acts like a barrier
it has a keratin - a tough and water insoluble structural protein

Question 25

The dermis is well vascularized and contains sensory nerves, hair follicle, sebaceous, blood vessels, and sweat glands

Question 26

it has 2 zones =
upper papillary dermis with loose connective tissue
lower reticular dermis with denser connective tissue

Question 27

The skin
protective barrier
sensory function
prevents water loss
thermoregulation

Question 28

the hypodermis provides thermal insulation, padding, and serves as the body main energy storage

Question 29

thick skin has 5 epidermal layers

Question 30

thin skin has 4 epidermal layers

Answer 30

epidermis = mostly keratinocytes (80%)
stranum corneum = cornified layer
stratum granulosum = granular layer
stratum spinosum = spinous layer
stratum basal = basal layer

Question 31

the skin turns a blue-gray color—a condition called .

Answer 31

cyanosis.