Unit 4. Active Vocabulary Flashcards

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1
Q

To ask an amount of money for something, especially a service or activity.

… … / … do you … … a haircut and blow-dry?

A

How much/What do you charge for a haircut and blow-dry?

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2
Q

[formal] To order someone to do something.

He was … … taking care of the
premises.

A

He was charged with taking care of the

premises.

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3
Q

(of the police) to make a formal statement saying that someone is accused of a crime, or to publicly accuse someone of doing something bad.

She’s been … … murder.
She is … … murdering her husband.

A

She’s been charged with murder.

She is charged with murdering her husband.

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4
Q

(of the police) to make a formal statement saying that someone is accused of a crime, or to publicly accuse someone of doing something bad.

The paper … her … using the
company’s money for her own purposes.

A

The paper charged her with using the

company’s money for her own purposes.

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5
Q

The amount of money that you have to pay for something, especially for an activity or service.

Is there a charge … children or do they go free?
There’s an … … of £5.
They fixed my watch … … … .

A

Is there a charge for children or do they go free?
There’s an admission charge of £5.
They fixed my watch free of charge.

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6
Q

Responsibility for controlling or looking after something.

Her ex-husband has … … the children during the week and she has them at the weekend. His boss asked him to … … … the office for a few days while she was away. Who will be … … … the department when Sophie leaves?

A

Her ex-husband has charge of the children during the week and she has them at the weekend. His boss asked him to take charge of the office for a few days while she was away. Who will be in charge of the department when Sophie leaves?

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7
Q

A formal police statement saying that someone is accused of a crime; or accusation of something bad. When you accuse someone of something bad.

Zimbabwe … … … U.S. health workers.

A

Zimbabwe drops charges against U.S. health workers.

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8
Q

To formally choose someone to do a special piece of work.

The newspaper … a series of articles on the worst excesses of the fashion industry.
They … an architect to manage the building project.

A

The newspaper commissioned a series of articles on the worst excesses of the fashion industry.
They commissioned an architect to manage the building project.

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9
Q

To give someone the official authority to be an officer in the armed forces.

Grandfather was … … Group Captain in the RAF just before the war.
He was … … the Royal Fusiliers.

A

Grandfather was commissioned as Group Captain in the RAF just before the war.
He was commissioned into the Royal Fusiliers.

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10
Q

A request to do a special piece of work.

She’s just … … … … paint Sir Ellis Pike’s wife.
Do you …/… … ?

A

She’s just got a commission to paint Sir Ellis Pike’s wife.

Do you do /take commissions?

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11
Q

A (system of) payment to someone who sells goods which is directly related to the amount of goods sold.

Is she paid a regular wage or is it …/… … only? She gets a 15% … … every machine she sells.
Foreign banks may … a … .

A

Is she paid a regular wage or is it on/by commission only? She gets a 15% commission on every machine she sells.
Foreign banks may charge a commission.

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12
Q

A group of people who have been formally chosen to discover information about a problem or examine the reasons why the problem exists.

The government have … … / … a … … investigate the problem of inner city violence.

A

The government have set up/established a commission to investigate the problem of inner city violence.

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13
Q

The official authority to be an officer in the armed forces; the position of an officer in the army, navy etc.

A

Commission.

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14
Q

A teacher who works with one student or a small group, either at a British college or university or in the home of a child.

During my illness I was taught by a series of home … .

A

During my illness I was taught by a series of home tutors.

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15
Q

To act as a tutor to (a single pupil or a very small group).

Children are routinely … for hours after school.

A

Children are routinely tutored for hours after school.

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16
Q

A period of study with a tutor involving one student or a small group.

A

Tutorial.

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17
Q

Adjective. Relating to a tutor or a tutor’s tuition.

… sessions; a … college

A

tutorial sessions; a tutorial college

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18
Q

A formal speech.

She … an … … the Royal Academy.

A

She gave an address to the Royal Academy.

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19
Q

[formal] To speak or write to someone.

He … a few introductory remarks … the audience.
He likes to be … … ‘Sir’ or ‘Mr Partridge’.

A

He addressed a few introductory remarks to the audience.

He likes to be addressed as ‘Sir’ or ‘Mr Partridge’.

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20
Q

To direct the energy or efforts to smth.

The Frankfurt-born percussionist Geronimo Dehler has … himself … the task of bringing Jamaican folk music to Europe.

A

The Frankfurt-born percussionist Geronimo Dehler has addressed himself to the task of bringing Jamaican folk music to Europe.

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21
Q

To give attention to or deal with a matter or problem.

The issue of funding has yet to be … .

A

The issue of funding has yet to be addressed.

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22
Q

The answer to a problem.

There’s no easy … … this problem.
Nobel Laureate Offers a … … Global Warming.

A

There’s no easy solution to this problem.

Nobel Laureate Offers a Solution to Global Warming.

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23
Q

To find an answer to a problem.

This strategy could cause more problems than it … .

A

This strategy could cause more problems than it solves.

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24
Q

An amount of money given by a school, college, university or other organization to pay
for the studies of a person with great ability but little money.

He …/…/… a … … Eton.
Paula went to the Royal College of Music … a … she was … together with twelve other students.

A

He got/won/received a scholarship to Eton.

Paula went to the Royal College of Music on a scholarship she was awarded together with twelve other students.

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25
Q

Serious, detailed study.

This is a work … great … .

A

This is a work of great scholarship.

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26
Q

A person who studies a subject in great detail, especially at a university.

Dr Miles was a … … … Russian history.

A

Dr Miles was a distinguished scholar of Russian history.

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27
Q

A university student holding a scholarship.

A

Scholar.

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28
Q

To speak angrily to someone, telling them that you disagree with them.

Kids, will you stop … … each other?
They were … … / … which film to go and see.

A

Kids, will you stop arguing with each other?

They were arguing over/about which film to go and see.

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29
Q

To give the reasons for your opinion, idea, belief, etc.

The minister … …/… favour …/… making cuts in military spending.
The minister … … cuts in military spending were needed.

A

The minister argued for/in favour of/against making cuts in military spending.
The minister argued that cuts in military spending were needed.

30
Q

A disagreement, or the process of disagreeing.

He … … an … … Jeff in the pub last night.
A decision was finally made after some … … .

A

He got into an argument with Jeff in the pub last night.

A decision was finally made after some heated argument.

31
Q

A reason or reasons why you support or oppose an idea or suggestion, or the process of explaining them.

Now that we’ve heard all the … … and … the proposal, shall we vote on it?
I don’t think that’s a very …/…/… … .
Persuasive debaters can … … using the force of their reason and by the skillful deployment of many handy techniques.

A

Now that we’ve heard all the arguments for and against the proposal, shall we vote on it?
I don’t think that’s a very strong/convincing/powerful argument.
Persuasive debaters can win arguments using the force of their reason and by the skillful deployment of many handy techniques.

32
Q

Adjective. Level and smooth, with no curved, high, or hollow parts.

An ice rink needs to be completely … .
A great part of the American Midwest is as … as a … .

A

An ice rink needs to be completely flat.

A great part of the American Midwest is as flat as a pancake.

33
Q

Not active; not interesting or without emotion.

I thought her performance a little … .
‘I’m sorry, ‘ he said, in a … voice.

A

I thought her performance a little flat.

‘I’m sorry, ‘ he said, in a flat voice.

34
Q

Complete or certain, and not likely to change.

His request for time off work was met … a … … .
The minister has issued a … … … the accusations against her.

A

His request for time off work was met with a flat refusal.

The minister has issued a flat denial of the accusations against her.

35
Q

[before noun] (especially of an amount of money) Fixed; not likely to change.

We charge a … …/… of $25 per hour.

A

We charge a flat fee/rate of $25 per hour.

36
Q

Family and experience of education, living conditions, money, etc.

The school has pupils … many different …/…/… … .
They come … a …/… … .

A

The school has pupils from many different ethnic/cultural/religious backgrounds.
They come from a privileged/wealthy background.

37
Q

Experience and qualifications.

She has a … … nursing.

A

She has a background in nursing.

38
Q

The things that can be seen or heard behind other things that are closer or louder.

The little figure that you can just see … the … of the photograph is me. We couldn’t hear what they were saying on the tape - there was too much … noise.
They were filmed … a … of dark fir trees. The book’s cover has white lettering … a blue ….

A

The little figure that you can just see in the background of the photograph is me. We couldn’t hear what they were saying on the tape - there was too much background noise.
They were filmed against a background of dark fir trees. The book’s cover has white lettering on a blue background.

39
Q

The conditions that existed before a particular event happened, and which help to explain why it happened.

These decisions have had to be taken … a … of high unemployment.
Can you … me some … … the situation?

A

These decisions have had to be taken against a background of high unemployment.
Can you give me some background on the situation?

40
Q

To stop someone or something from being killed, injured or destroyed.

He fell in the river but his friend … him … drowning. He was desperately trying to … their failing marriage. This … me … … of buying a new phone.

A

He fell in the river but his friend saved him from drowning.
He was desperately trying to save their failing marriage.
This saved me the trouble of buying a new phone.

41
Q

To prevent time, money or effort being wasted or spent.

You’ll … time if you take the car.
I’ll lend you a bag for your trip - it’ll … you … one specially.

A

You’ll save time if you take the car.

I’ll lend you a bag for your trip - it’ll save you buying one specially.

42
Q

To keep something, especially money, for use in the future.

I … all my old letters in case I want to read them again. She can … her … , everybody’s too busy playing Starcraft to oblige. We have all heard that we must … … a … … .

A

I save all my old letters in case I want to read them again.
She can save her breath, everybody’s too busy playing Starcraft to oblige.
We have all heard that we must save for a rainy day.

43
Q

The money which you keep in an account in a bank or similar financial organization.

He spent all his … on an expensive car.

A

He spent all his savings on an expensive car.

44
Q

Not dangerous or likely to cause harm; not in danger or likely to be harmed.

It’s … to cross the road now.
In some cities you don’t … … going out alone at night.

A

It’s safe to cross the road now.

In some cities you don’t feel safe going out alone at night.

45
Q

Phrase. Being especially careful in order to avoid something unpleasant.

I’m sure it won’t rain, but I’ll take an umbrella (just) to be … … … … .

A

I’m sure it won’t rain, but I’ll take an umbrella (just) to be on the safe side.

46
Q

Phrase. Not harmed or damaged.

After three days lost in the mountains, all the climbers arrived home … … … .

A

After three days lost in the mountains, all the climbers arrived home safe and sound.

47
Q

A state in which or a place where you are safe and not in danger or at risk.

… your … and … , we recommend you keep your seat belt loosely fastened during the flight. Journalists may enter the danger zone but unfortunately we cannot …/… their … . Police are … … the … of the five-year-old.

A

For your (comfort and) safety, we recommend you keep your seat belt loosely fastened during the flight.
Journalists may enter the danger zone but unfortunately we cannot guarantee /assure their safety.
Police are concerned for the safety of the five-year-old.

48
Q

The highest place or part.

She waited for me … the … of the stairs.
There were flags … the … of many of the buildings. We searched the house … … … … but we couldn’t find the letter. He gazed at her across the room, dressed in black leather … … … … .

A

She waited for me at the top of the stairs.
There were flags on the tops of many of the buildings.
We searched the house from top to bottom but we couldn’t find the letter.
He gazed at her across the room, dressed in black leather from top to toe.

49
Q

The highest or most important rank, level, or position.

The people … … … must be competent.
She shouted … … … of her voice. Since he got a new job, he’s … … … … … .
… … … being dull, he’s unfriendly.

A

The people at the top must be competent.
She shouted at the top of her voice.
Since he got a new job, he’s on top of the world.
On top of being dull, he’s unfriendly.

50
Q

Adjective. At the highest part of something.

There’s a dirty mark on the … … corner of the photo.
The offices are … the … floor of the building.

A

There’s a dirty mark on the top left-hand corner of the photo.
The offices are on the top floor of the building.

51
Q

Highest in position, rank, or degree.

… management; … universities; … jobs.

A

Top management; top universities; top jobs.

52
Q

The amount, number or type of something between an upper and a lower limit.

The coat was …/… … my … … .
This type of work is …/…/… my … (of experience). The product is aimed at young people … the 18 - 25 … … .

A

The coat was in/out of my price range.
This type of work is outside/beyond/out of my range (of experience).
The product is aimed at young people in the 18 - 25 age range.

53
Q

To have an upper and a lower limit in amount, number, etc.

Dress sizes … … petite … extra large.
Prices … … $50 … $250.

A

Dress sizes range from petite to extra large.

Prices range between $50 and $250.

54
Q

Very interested, eager or wanting (to do) something very much.

They were very … to start work as soon as possible.
She’s a … tennis player.
She’s … … (playing) tennis.

A

They were very keen to start work as soon as possible.
She’s a keen tennis player.
She’s keen on (playing) tennis.

55
Q

Very sharp.

A … north wind.

A

A keen north wind.

56
Q

Extreme or very strong.

A keen sense of smell.
Many people are taking a keen interest (= a very great interest) in the result of the vote.

A

A … sense of smell.

Many people are taking a … interest (= a very great interest) in the result of the vote.

57
Q

A particular situation or example of something.

Over a hundred people were injured, in several … seriously. I wouldn’t normally agree but I’ll make an exception … … … . We have lots of applications from people who want to study here and … … … we consider the candidate very carefully. She was suffering from an extreme … … sunburn.

A

Over a hundred people were injured, in several cases seriously.
I wouldn’t normally agree but I’ll make an exception in this case.
We have lots of applications from people who want to study here and in each case we consider the candidate very carefully.
She was suffering from an extreme case of sunburn.

58
Q

A problem, a series of events or a person being dealt with by police, doctors, lawyers, etc.

Several social workers have … … the child’s … . The detective … the … has been suspended from duty. When he first went for treatment at the hospital he seemed to be a … … .

A

Several social workers have looked into the child’s case.
The detective on the case has been suspended from duty.
When he first went for treatment at the hospital he seemed to be a hopeless case.

59
Q

Arguments, facts and reasons in support of or against something.

There’s a good … …/… bringing in new regulations. The … … cigarette advertising is becoming stronger all the time. She’s very busy so don’t … the … - just give her the essentials.

A

There’s a good case for/against bringing in new regulations.
The case against cigarette advertising is becoming stronger all the time.
She’s very busy so don’t overstate the case - just give her the essentials.

60
Q

Certain to happen and unable to be avoided or prevented.

The accident was the … …/…/… of carelessness.

A

The accident was the inevitable consequence/result/outcome of carelessness.

61
Q

To fasten something in position so that it cannot move.

We fixed the bookcase to the wall.

A

We … the bookcase … the wall.

62
Q

(Mainly UK) To arrange or agree a time, place, price, etc.

Shall we … a time for our next meeting?
I understand the rent is … … £750 a month.
I’ll … it … you.

A

Shall we fix a time for our next meeting?
I understand the rent is fixed at £750 a month.
I’ll fix it for you.

63
Q

To do something dishonest to make certain that a competition, race, or election is won
by a particular person.

Several Jockeys were arrested … suspicion … … the race.
It sounds like the election was … .

A

Several Jockeys were arrested on suspicion of fixing the race.
It sounds like the election was fixed.

64
Q

To keep something or someone in sight.

His eyes were … … the distant yacht.
She … the child … a stare of such disapproval he did not dare move.

A

His eyes were fixed on the distant yacht.

She fixed the child with a stare of such disapproval he did not dare move.

65
Q

(Informal) An awkward or difficult situation.

I’m … a bit of a … with the arrangements.

A

I’m in a bit of a fix with the arrangements.

66
Q

Fastened somewhere and not able to be moved.

A fixed iron ladder down the port side.

A

A … iron ladder … the port side.

67
Q

Arranged or decided already and not able to be changed.

A fixed price; fixed interest rates.
Is the date of the wedding fixed yet?

A

A … price; … interest rates.

Is the date of the wedding … yet?

68
Q

To introduce in stages or gradually.

A

To phase in

69
Q

To become less involved (esp. in your thoughts or feelings).

A

To distance oneself from smth.

70
Q

To be equal to something.

A

to equate to something

71
Q

To make smth similar to smth else.

A

To bring smth. in line with smth. else.