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Chemistry 12 > Unit 4: Acids, Bases And Salts (1) > Flashcards

Unit 4: Acids, Bases And Salts (1) Flashcards

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0
Q

According to Arrhenius theory a base is any substance which…

A

Releases OH- (aq) in water

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1
Q

According to Arrhenius theory and acid is any substance which….

A

Releases H+ (aq) in water

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2
Q

According to Arrhenius theory a salt is…

A

The neutralization product which results when an acid and a base react

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3
Q

A ____ is any ionic compound which is neither an acid or a base

A

Salt

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4
Q

An ____ is any ionic species whose formula that starts with an “H”

A

Acid

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5
Q

A ____ is any ionic species whose formula that ends with an “OH”

A

Base

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6
Q

What is a species that contains ions and does not start with “H” or end in “OH” called?

A

A salt

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7
Q

The general equation for a acid-base neutralization reaction is…

A

ACID + BASE => SALT + WATER

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8
Q

H+ + OH- => ?

A

H2O

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9
Q

Acids usually…. (5 things)

A
  • react with bases
  • are electrolytes
  • act on some metals to produce H2 (g)
  • turn litmus paper RED
  • taste sour
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10
Q

Bases usually…. (5 things)

A
  • react with acids
  • are electrolytes
  • feel slippery (react with skin and fat to make soap)
  • turn litmus paper BLUE
  • taste bitter
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11
Q

The presence of _____ accounts for the properties of those substances which are traditionally called “acids”

A

“H+”

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12
Q

The presence of _____ accounts for the properties of those substances which are traditionally called “based”

A

“OH-“

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13
Q

______ metal is used to to test for presence of acids because it id just sufficiently reactive to produce H2 (g) when put into acids

A

Magnesium

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14
Q

H+ + H2O => ?

A

H3O+

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15
Q

H+ is called the ___

A

Proton

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16
Q

_____ is called the hydronium ion or the hydrated proton

A

H3O+

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17
Q

What we previously called H+ (aq) is actually ____

A

H3O+

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18
Q

An ___ is a proton donor

A

Acid

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19
Q

A ___ is a proton acceptor

A

Base

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20
Q

According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory an ___ is a substance which donates a proton to another substance

A

Acid

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21
Q

According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory a ___ is a substance which accepts a proton from another substance

A

Base

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22
Q

Monoprotic acid, diprotic acid, tripotic acid, and polyprotic acid all describe the _____ of protons the acid can supply

A

Amount (or number)

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23
Q

If a substance has a negative charge and still has an easily removable hydrogen then the substance I’ll be ____

A

Amphiprotic

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24
Q

Assume all hydrogens are easily removable except this attached to ____

A

Carbon

25
Q

A conjugate acid-base pair (or conjugate pair) is a pair of chemical species differs by….

A

Only one proton

26
Q

A conjugate acid is the member of the conjugate pair which has….

A

The extra proton

27
Q

The conjugate base is the member of a conjugate pair which lacks….

A

The extra proton

28
Q

A strong acid or base is _____ ionized in solution

A

100%

29
Q

A weak acid or base is less than ____ ionized in solution

A

100%

30
Q

All equilibrium a involve ___ acids and bases

A

Weak

31
Q

The terms weak and strong refer to the….
And
The terms dilute and concentrated refer to the….

A

…Percentage of ionization

… Molarity of a solution

32
Q

When a substance acts as an acid with water ___ is alway produced

A

h3O+

33
Q

The stronger the acid the ____ the [H3O+] produced

A

Greater

34
Q

When a substance acts as a base with a water, ____ is always produced.

A

OH-

35
Q

The stronger the base, the ____ the [OH-] produced

A

Greater

36
Q

Due to the levelling effect ____ is the strongest acid

A

H3O+

37
Q

All six acids at the top of the table are ___(different?/equal?) in strength

A

Equal

38
Q

A substance is ___ when [H3O+] = [OH-]

A

Neutral

39
Q

A substance is ___ when [H3O+] > [OH-]

A

Acidic

40
Q

A substance is ___ when [H3O+]

A

Basic

41
Q

The value of Ka is called….

A

Acid ionization constant

42
Q

The value for Kb is called the…

A

Base ionization constant

43
Q

For a conjugate pair Ka x Kb =___

A

Kw

44
Q

Ka (reactant acid) / Ka (product acid)=?

A

Keq

45
Q

Keq is the concentration of _____ over the concentration of _____

A

ReactAnts

Products

46
Q

pH=?

A

-log[H3O+]

47
Q

pOH=?

A

-log[OH-]

48
Q

pKw=pH + pOH. What is the value of pKw?

A

14

49
Q

Strong acids and bases ___ (do/do not) react with salts

A

Don’t

50
Q

What tests would you use to tell wether a solution was acidic or basic? (2 basic things)

A

1-litmus paper (red=acid; blue=base)

2-add magnesium (bubbles=acid)

51
Q

H+ (aq) and H3O+ (aq) are the ____ (same/different).

A

Same

52
Q

The Arrhenius theory does account for the existence of equilibriums so a second theory wAs created called the ____ theory.

A

Brønsted-Lowry

53
Q

In every Brønsted-Lowry reaction there is an acid and a base on both sides of the equation. True or false?

A

True

54
Q

A substance is amphiprotic if____ and ___.

A

It possesses a negative chArge

Has an easily removable hydrogen

55
Q

Organic acids end in?

A

COOH

56
Q

Organic bases contain either ___ or ___ and the ___ accepts the H+

A

NH2
NH
Nitrogen

57
Q

What is a way to tell if an unknown aqueous solution is a weak or strong acid?

A

Conductivity. Very conductive=strong; not very conductive=weak

58
Q

When water is heated, what happens to the [H3O+]?

A

It increases

59
Q

Is hot water basic, acidic or neutral?

A

Neutral

[OH-] increase with [H3O+]
Aka [OH-]= [H3O+]

60
Q

As water is heated what happens to its Kw?

A

Kw increases!

61
Q

[H3O+] X [OH-] = ?

A

Kw

Chemistry 12 (7 decks)

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