Unit 1: Reaction Kinetics

Question 0

The equation for rate is…

Answer 0

Change in amount of reactant or product/ change in time

Question 1

Reaction kinetics is the study of…

Answer 1

The rate of reaction and the factors which effect the rate

Question 2

Colour, temperature, pressure, mass, PH, conductivity, and concentration change are all examples of way you can measure…

Answer 2

Reaction rates

Question 3

Name 7 examples of ways to measure reaction rates

Answer 3

Colour, temperature, pressure, mass, PH, conductivity, and concentration

Question 4

Name six factors which effect the rate of a reaction

Answer 4

Temperature
Concentration
Surface area (heterogenous mixtures only)
Pressure (gasses)
Nature of reactants
Catalysts and inhibitors

Question 5

The lower the temperature the _____ the reaction rate

Answer 5

Slower

Question 6

The greater the temperature the _____ the reaction rate

Answer 6

Faster

Question 7

Chemical reactions only occur when…

Answer 7

Collisions have enough energy to cause the atoms to rearrange

Question 8

Only particles whose kinetic energy _____ the threshold energy have enough kinetic energy to _____.

Answer 8

EXCEEDS

React

Question 9

Molecules to the left of the threshold may collide, but these collisions will not lead to….

Answer 9

The formation of products

Question 10

Some particles that exceed the energy threshold still do not react because…

Answer 10

Of improper collision geometry

Question 11

At lower temperatures _____ molecules have enough _____ to collide and _____ exceed the threshold

Answer 11

Few
Kinetic energy
Few

Question 12

At _____ temperatures the entire molecules distribution shifts _____ which cause _____ molecules to exceed the threshold

Answer 12

Higher
Right
More

Question 13

What two things are needed for particles to collide effectively and produce products?

Answer 13

needs to succeed threshold energy and have favourable collision geometry

Question 14

As the concentration of a reactant increases the likelyhood that reactant molecules will collide ____ which translates into an _____ in reaction rate

Answer 14

Increases

Increase

Question 15

The equation of the ideal gas law is..

Answer 15

Pressure (KPa) x volume=
n (# of moles) x gas constant
(8.31 KPa • L/mol - K) x Temperature (°K)

Question 16

Volume and pressure are _____ proportional

Answer 16

Inversely

Question 17

A pressure increase is equivalent to increase in ____ of gases

Answer 17

Concentration

Question 18

When pressure is increased so is the likelihood that reactant molecules will _____.

Answer 18

Collide

increase in concentration= increase in collision frequency= increase in reaction rate

Question 19

Nature of reactants is a factor which effects reaction rate because…

Answer 19

Some reactants are naturally more reactive than others

Question 20

Some reactants are naturally more reactive than others because of…

Answer 20

Their chemical properties and their bonds involved in the chemical reaction

Question 21

The number and strength of ____ effects the reaction rate

Answer 21

Bonds

Question 22

Surface area yields an increased reaction rate only when the reaction is _____.

Answer 22

Heterogenous (reaction where the reactants are in more than one phase)

Question 23

Catalysts increase the rate of reaction. What is a catalyst?

Answer 23

Catalysts are chemicals which increase the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing permanent chemical change in the process

Question 24

Inhibitors slow the rate of reaction. What is a inhibitor?

Answer 24

Inhibitors are chemicals which decrease the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing permanent chemical change in the process

Question 25

Instantaneous rate is found by

Answer 25

Finding the slope of the line tangent to the curve

Question 26

All reactions ____ ____ over time

Answer 26

Slow down

Question 27

The best indicator of the rate of a reaction is the instantaneous rate near the _____ of the reaction

Answer 27

Begining

Question 28

Energy is ____ when bonds are formed

Answer 28

Released

Question 29

Collisions have a variety of ____

Answer 29

Energies

Question 30

In chemical reactions bonds are...

Answer 30

Broken and new ones are formed

Question 31

As temperature increases the particles... (3 things)

Answer 31

Move faster Collide more often Collide with more energy

Question 32

Matter consists of

Answer 32

Moving particles

Question 33

You need a _____ to have a reaction

Answer 33

Collision

Question 34

Collisions provide the ____ required to break bonds

Answer 34

Energy

Question 35

Most collisions ___(are/are not) successful

Answer 35

Are not

Question 36

The minimum amount of energy required for reaction is called...

Answer 36

Activation energy (Ea)

Question 37

Reactions cannot occur unless the molecule possesses....

Answer 37

Sufficient energy to get over the activation energy barrier

Question 38

What does a reaction coordinate diagram show?

Answer 38

A reaction coordinate diagram shows the energy of the reactants and products as a reaction proceeds

Question 39

The high points on a reaction coordinate diagram are the ____ _____. The species present at this point are called ____ ____

Answer 39

Tradition states | Activated complexes

Question 40

The energy gap between the reactants and the activated complex is the ....

Answer 40

Activation energy barrier

Question 41

If change in H is positive the reaction is _____ If the change in H is negative the reaction is _____

Answer 41

Endothermic Exothermic

Question 42

The _____ _____ is the actual sequence of steps which make-up the overall reaction

Answer 42

Reaction mechanism

Question 43

Most reactions occur in ____ (1/>1 ) step

Answer 43

>1 | Most reaction require a sequence of steps

Question 44

And elementary process is...

Answer 44

a one step reaction; only two particles involved

Question 45

The slowest step in a reaction is...

Answer 45

The rate determining step

Question 46

Almost any reaction having _____ reactant particles in a balanced equation will occur in more than one step

Answer 46

3 (or more)

Question 47

Catalysts is a substance which provides an overall reaction with an _____ ____ which has a _____ activation energy

Answer 47

Alternative mechanism | Lower

Question 48

When a catalyst is used the activation energy is lowered so more reactants will have enough kinetic energy to form _____ _____

Answer 48

Activated complexes

Question 49

Catalysts increase the reaction rate for both the _____ and _____ reaction

Answer 49

Forward | Reverse

Question 50

Phase effects the rate of reaction. Order the following phases from fastest reacting to slowest Gasses/ liquids, solids, aqueous ions

Answer 50

Aqueous ions>gasses/liquids> solids

Question 51

Out of the 6 factors which effect reaction rate which one does not apply to homogenous substances

Answer 51

Surface area