Unit 3: Flashcards
What is a substance which dissolves to give a non-conducting solution containing only neutral molecules called?
Non-electrolyte
What is A substance which dissolves to give an electrically conducting solution containing ions called?
Electrolyte
A ____ solution contains only neutral molecules
Molecular
An ____ solution contains ions
Ionic
A substance is said to form a ____ solution if the dissolved substance is in equilibrium with some of the i dissolved substance
Saturated
The _____ of a substance is the equilibrium concentration of the substance in solution at a given temperature
Solubility
The solubility is referred to as the ____ _____ when the concentration is expressed in “moles/litre”
Molar solubility
When saturation exists… (2 things must be true)
- Some undissolved material must be present
2. Equilibrium exists between the dissolved and undissolved material
A equilibrium equation which shows a solid compound on the reactants side and aqueous ions on the products side is a ____ reaction
Dissolving
A equilibrium equation which shows aqueous ions on the reactants side and a solid compound on the products side is a ____ reaction
Crystallization
(Molarity initial) x (volume initial) =…
(Molarity final) x (volume final)
Nothing is insoluble in water true or false?
Strictly speaking, true. All substances dissolve to some extent. Some just have low solubility
The amount of glass that can dissolve in water is neglected so glass is said to have _____ solubility
Negligible
A compound that dissolves very slightly in water but cannot be neglected is said to have _____ solubility
Low
A substance is said to have LOW SOLUBILITY if a saturated solution of the substance is….
Less than 0.1 M (>0.1 M)
The solubility of a compound depends on the _____ of the solution
Temperature
Alkali ions are always soluble. Name the 6 alkali ions
Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Fr+
When in any compound which two cations will always make the compound soluble besides alkali ions
Ammonium (NH4+) and hydrogen ions (H+)
Note: many polyatomic ions contain hydrogen as do many molecular compounds. These are not guaranteed to be soluble just because they contain hydrogen.
Which anion when in a compound will guarantee that the compound is soluble?
Nitrate (NO3-)
When two ions form a compound having low solubility, the mixing of the two ions will cause a ____ to form
Precipitate
What is a balanced chemical equation in which all the reactants and products are given by their chemical formulae called?
A formula equation
What is a equation which shows all SOLUBLE ionic species broken into their respective ions called?
A complete ionic equation
What is an equation showing only the species which are actively involved in the reaction called?
A net ionic equation
The net ionic equation is formed by omitting the ____ ions from the complete ionic equation
Spectator
