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Chemistry 12 > Unit 3: > Flashcards

Unit 3: Flashcards

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0
Q

What is a substance which dissolves to give a non-conducting solution containing only neutral molecules called?

A

Non-electrolyte

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1
Q

What is A substance which dissolves to give an electrically conducting solution containing ions called?

A

Electrolyte

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2
Q

A ____ solution contains only neutral molecules

A

Molecular

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3
Q

An ____ solution contains ions

A

Ionic

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4
Q

A substance is said to form a ____ solution if the dissolved substance is in equilibrium with some of the i dissolved substance

A

Saturated

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5
Q

The _____ of a substance is the equilibrium concentration of the substance in solution at a given temperature

A

Solubility

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6
Q

The solubility is referred to as the ____ _____ when the concentration is expressed in “moles/litre”

A

Molar solubility

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7
Q

When saturation exists… (2 things must be true)

A
  1. Some undissolved material must be present

2. Equilibrium exists between the dissolved and undissolved material

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8
Q

A equilibrium equation which shows a solid compound on the reactants side and aqueous ions on the products side is a ____ reaction

A

Dissolving

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9
Q

A equilibrium equation which shows aqueous ions on the reactants side and a solid compound on the products side is a ____ reaction

A

Crystallization

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10
Q

(Molarity initial) x (volume initial) =…

A

(Molarity final) x (volume final)

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11
Q

Nothing is insoluble in water true or false?

A

Strictly speaking, true. All substances dissolve to some extent. Some just have low solubility

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12
Q

The amount of glass that can dissolve in water is neglected so glass is said to have _____ solubility

A

Negligible

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13
Q

A compound that dissolves very slightly in water but cannot be neglected is said to have _____ solubility

A

Low

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14
Q

A substance is said to have LOW SOLUBILITY if a saturated solution of the substance is….

A

Less than 0.1 M (>0.1 M)

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15
Q

The solubility of a compound depends on the _____ of the solution

A

Temperature

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16
Q

Alkali ions are always soluble. Name the 6 alkali ions

A

Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Fr+

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17
Q

When in any compound which two cations will always make the compound soluble besides alkali ions

A

Ammonium (NH4+) and hydrogen ions (H+)

Note: many polyatomic ions contain hydrogen as do many molecular compounds. These are not guaranteed to be soluble just because they contain hydrogen.

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18
Q

Which anion when in a compound will guarantee that the compound is soluble?

A

Nitrate (NO3-)

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19
Q

When two ions form a compound having low solubility, the mixing of the two ions will cause a ____ to form

A

Precipitate

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20
Q

What is a balanced chemical equation in which all the reactants and products are given by their chemical formulae called?

A

A formula equation

21
Q

What is a equation which shows all SOLUBLE ionic species broken into their respective ions called?

A

A complete ionic equation

22
Q

What is an equation showing only the species which are actively involved in the reaction called?

A

A net ionic equation

23
Q

The net ionic equation is formed by omitting the ____ ions from the complete ionic equation

A

Spectator

24
Q

Ksp is..

A

Solubility product constant

25
Q

The larger the ksp the _____ soluble the salt

A

More

26
Q

The smaller the ksp the ____ soluble the salt

A

Less

27
Q

The value of the Ksp depends on the _____ of the ions in solution

A

Concentration

28
Q

_____ is the amount of a substance required to make a saturated solution.

A

Solubility

29
Q

_____ _____ is the molar concentration of a saturated solution

A

Molar solubility

30
Q

_____ _____ is the ksp value obtained when the concentrations of the ions in a saturated solution are multiplied together

A

Solubility product

31
Q

If Q<ksp…

A

A ppt cannot form

32
Q

If Q=ksp

A

A barely saturated solution is formed

33
Q

If Q>ksp…

A

A ppt will form

34
Q

What is a process in which a measured amount of a solution is reacted with a known volume of another solution until a desired equivalence point is reached called?

A

Titration

35
Q

In titration one of the solutions has a ____ concentration

A

Unknown

36
Q

What is the purpose of carrying out a titration?

A

To find the concentration of a particular solution

37
Q

In a situation in which Ag+ is added to a solution contain both Cl- and chromate, the Ag+ will ppt with both. The concentration of Cl- needed to ppt Ag+ is smaller than that of the chromate. Which will ppt first?

A

The one needing the smaller concentration so Cl-

38
Q

The solubility of an ionic compound in pure water ____ ____

A

Cannot change

39
Q

By applying Le Chatelier’s Principle to an equilibrium it is possible to increase or decrease the solubility of a substance by….

A

Using water that is no pure to dissolve the substance

40
Q

Ionic compounds are ____ at room temperature

A

Solid

41
Q

Ionic compounds have ___ melting points

A

High

42
Q

Ionic compounds usually ____ electricity

A

Conduct

43
Q

Ionic compounds ____ in water

A

Dissolve

44
Q

Covalent compounds have ____ melting points

A

Low

45
Q

Polar will dissolve non polar…

A

Will not

46
Q

A ____ gets dissolved (smaller part)

A

Solute

47
Q

A ____ does the dissolving (larger part)

A

Solvent

48
Q

______ mixtures are completely mixed together and consist of only one phase (solutions)

A

Homogenous

49
Q

______ mixtures exist when one or more phase is present

A

Heterogenous

50
Q

A solution in equilibrium is homogenous or heterogenous?

A

Heterogenous

51
Q

____ describes the amount of material (solute) that will dissolve in a solvent making a saturated solution

A

Solubility

Chemistry 12 (7 decks)

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