unit 4 Flashcards
Identify functional relations & guide tx
development
Purpose of functional assessment
indirect assessment
Descriptive assessment
Structured descriptive assessment
Functional analysis
4 types of functional assessments
Assessment of bx that is removed from time
& place from actual occurrence of bx
Indirect assessment (IA)
Motivation assessment scale Questions about behavioral function Functional analysis interview form Problem bx questionnaire FAST
5 common forms of indirect assessment
Method of obtaining hypothesis not clear Limited on idiosyncratic variables Reliance on recollection Poor inter-rater agreement Poor convergent validity
5 indirect assessment of limitations
Use as part of direct observation
Include open-ended questions
Use multiple informants
3 recommendations for IA use
Observing individuals in natural environment
by noting events before & after bx
Descriptive assessment (DA)
Narrative recording Open-ended ABC Coded ABC Scatterplot Structured descriptive assessment
5 common forms of descriptive assessment
Correlational nature of data
Reactivity
Sample of bx may be inadequate
Poor convergent validity
4 descriptive assessment limitations
Methodology for arranging environmental
variables to compare levels of bx in test &
control conditions
Functional analysis (FA)
Determines true functional relations
May reveal tx effects
2 of benefits FA
May not include relevant test conditions May not identify situational features occasioning problem bx Potential for iatrogenic effects Complex, time and labor intensive
4 limitations of FA
No clear difference between test & control
conditions
Undifferentiated FA
Multiple control
Automatic SR+
Discrimination issues
Relevant variables not tested
4 possible causes of undifferentiated FAs
Rule out biological/medical events
Limit pre-session access to reinforcers
2 FA best practice techniques before
analysis
Used fixed sequences Use different SDs for each condition Wait for problem bx to end before next session No or low-preference toys in attn & alone conditions Use intrinsic items
5 FA best practice techniques during
analysis
Graph topographies separately
Graph responding during relevant MO only
Structured criteria
3 FA best practice techniques for data
interpretation
Location
Divided attention
Difficulty of demands
Conditioned correlated stimuli
3 antecedent modifications to clarify FA
results
Type of attn delivered
Which bx’s receive consequences
2 consequence modifications to clarify FA
results
Pairwise
Session duration
Extended alone
3 design modifications to clarify FA results
Antecedents
Consequences
MO effects
Person variables
4 categories of idiosyncratic variables
Diverted attention
Attention, but only from certain individuals
2 antecedent idiosyncratic variables
Unrelated to typically tested behavioral
functions
Consequence idiosyncratic variables
Problem bx high in a condition when certain
MOs are in effect
Motivational operation (MO) effects
Person-specific relations between
environment and bx
Person variables
Do benefits outweigh risks?
Are there protective measures to manage
risk?
2 questions to ask about high-risk bx
Protective procedures (blocking, equipment)
Precursor FA
Latency FA
3 FA variations for high-risk bx
Bx that reliably precedes another
Precursor
FA contingencies placed on precursor bx
instead of high-risk bx
Precursor FA
FA only allows bx to occur once in a given
session
Latency FA
Limited time
Limited control over environment
Staff with inadequate training
3 barriers to FA methodology
FA solution for limited time to conduct
Single function or brief FA
FA solution for limited control over
environment
Trial-based FA
FA solution for staff with inadequate training
Train others to conduct FA
Use caregivers as therapists
Conditions based on those observed in
home
2 general FA modifications for young
children
FA conditions set up for: social escape,
sensory escape, access to rituals/repetitive
bx, stereotypy
FA modifications for ASD diagnostic
symptoms
