Unit 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the major task of an adolescence?

A

the Development of sense of self

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2
Q

How does the sense of self change during adolescence?

A

It becomes more abstract.

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3
Q

What happens to the sense of self in adolescence regarding differentiation?

A

It becomes more differentiated.

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4
Q

What is a characteristic of the adolescent sense of self related to contradictions?

A

It includes contradictions.

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5
Q

What type of comparison becomes more significant in adolescence?

A

social Comparison

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6
Q

What is a key emotional aspect that increases in adolescence regarding self-perception?

A

It includes more self-consciousness.

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7
Q

What protective aspect is included in the sense of self during adolescence?

A

It includes elements of self-protection.

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8
Q

Erikson’s Identity Development is moved through each phase by

A

by having a crisis

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9
Q

what is the major task of school age

A

industry v inferiority

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10
Q

what is the industry v inferiority crisis

A

kids are becoming aware of their strengths and weaknesses and how they compare to peers

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11
Q

what is the major task of adolescence

A

indentity v role confusion

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12
Q

indentity v role confusion crisis

A

Do I know who I am, or am I just a collection of other people’s expectations?

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13
Q

psychological moratorium

A

It’s a period where they can explore different identities, roles, and possibilities without the pressure of immediately committing to a specific path.

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14
Q

what is the major task of young adulthood

A

intimacy v isolation

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15
Q

intimacy v isolation crisis

A

they are testing out of the family close personal relationships, romantic and non romantic

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16
Q

identity crisis

A

a period where an adolescent are choosing meaningful experiences

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17
Q

commitment

A

a personal investment in a choice

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18
Q

indentity moratorium

A

in the midst of identity crisis, not deciding who you are going to be

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19
Q

indentity achievement

A

completed crisis, made a commitment

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20
Q

identity diffusion

A

pre-crisis, no commitment; undecided and uninterested

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21
Q

identity foreclosure

A

commitment without crisis; identity usually handed to them by someone else

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22
Q

personality

A

a person’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

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23
Q

Sigmund Freud personality

A

Psychoanalytic perspective

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24
Q

Psychoanalytic perspective

A

id, ego, and superego in terms of defense mechanisms

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25
Q

What does the id strive to satisfy?

A

basic sexual and aggressive drives

26
Q

when is id present

A

at birth, and fully unconscious

27
Q

How can the motives of the id be analyzed?

A

Through analysis of dreams and errors in speech (parapraxes)

28
Q

What is superego

A

the angel on the shoulder, presents good morals

29
Q

what is ego

A

mediates between the id, superego, and the reality of life

30
Q

defense mechanisms

A

tools to help protect self from anxiety

31
Q

repression

A

banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts

32
Q

displacement

A

shifts from impulses toward a more acceptable/less threatening object

33
Q

sublimation

A

rechannelling unacceptable impulses into socially approved activities

34
Q

Oral Stage

A

0-18m: Pleasure centers on the mouth–
sucking, biting, chewing

35
Q

Anal Stage

A

(18-36 months): Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control

36
Q

Phallic Stage

A

(3-6 years): Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings

37
Q

Latency Stage

A

6- puberty: Dormant of sexual feelings

38
Q

Genital Stage

A

Maturation of sexual interests

39
Q

opedius complex

A

during phallic stage boys experience sexual feelings toward their mom and rivalries with father

40
Q

Castration anxiety

A

aroused from the opedius complex; fear that the father will take revenge by castrating him

41
Q

identification

A

models after father in hopes of obtaining mother, resolution of opedius complex

42
Q

girls during phallic stage

A

become upset when they realize they dont have penises

43
Q

penis envy

A

feelings of inferiority and jealousy toward boys

44
Q

womb envy

A

feelings of inferioty due to girls ability to perform maternal functions

45
Q

What did Freud contribute

A

historical significane
idea of the unconscious
frank discussion of sexuality
importance of early childhood

46
Q

Limitations of Freud

A

tautology
sexism
pessimism
determinism

47
Q

trait perspective

A

describes personality in terms of a persons level on certain characteristic patterns of behavior

48
Q

the big five

A

Opennes
Conscientiousness
extraversion
agreeableness
neuroticism

49
Q

openess

A

creativity, preference for variety

50
Q

conscientiousness

A

responsibility, organization

51
Q

extraversion

A

socialbility, enjoying others

52
Q

agreeableness

A

helpfulness and trusting of others

53
Q

neuroticism

A

insecurity, tendency toward self-pity

54
Q

the big five’s strengths

A

empirical approach, research support

55
Q

the big five limitations

A

traits may not adequately predict behaviors

56
Q

humanistic perspective

A

describes personality in terms of a persons tendency to act positively and feel satisfied with himself

57
Q

actualizing tendency

A

inherent push towards positive growth

58
Q

healthy personality

A

the ideal self is similar to the real self

59
Q

unconditional postive regard

A

unfailing messages that you are loved and valued as a person

60
Q

conditions of worth

A

messages that you are valued to the extent of that you meet expectations
growth is hindered by this

61
Q

strenths of humanistic perspective

A

emphasized the importance of social factors in development

62
Q

limitations of humanistic perspective

A

overly optimistic