final Flashcards

1
Q

Sex definition
How do you determine it

A

Biological women or men
Genetic testing, anatomy of the body, hormone levels

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2
Q

Gender definition

A

Psychological, cultural and social means of masculinity and femininity

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3
Q

Androgyny

A

High degree of masculinity and femininity traits, overlapping

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4
Q

Gender identity

A

What a person views their gender as

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5
Q

Sexual orientation

A

What sex a person is attracted too

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6
Q

Gender differences (7)

A

Personality
Emotional
Social
Cognitive
Achievement
Physical
Sexual Attributes

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7
Q

Personality differences

A

Women: more nurturing
Men: more firm and assertive

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8
Q

Emotional dodo

A

Generally the same, women tend to express more

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9
Q

Social differences

A

Women: more rapport, connect
Men: more report, inform

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10
Q

Cognitive differences

A

Women: better at verbal and writing skills. Spatial is better at remembering the location of things.
Men: better at high level math skills, spatial is better at mental rotation

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11
Q

Achievement differences

A

Women: higher graduation and college rates
Men: tend to be in the bottom of the class

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12
Q

Physical differences

A

Women: more grey matter, more wrinkles, better multi tasking
Men: bigger brain, more lateralized

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13
Q

Sexual attributes

A

Similar in most aspects, men seem to be more permissive

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14
Q

Theories to explain the gender differences (3)

A

Evolutionary theory
Social role theory
Social cognitive theory
Gender schema theory

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15
Q

Evolutionary theor

A

Traits evolved to help survival and reproduction.

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16
Q

Social role theory

A

Society gives males/females different tasks.

17
Q

Social cognitive theory

A

We learn gender roles by watching & copying.

18
Q

Gender schema theory

A

We build ideas (schemas) about what’s masculine or feminine.

19
Q

Gender intensification

A

Differences between men and women are more apparent during adolescence due to social pressures

20
Q

Sexism and Bias

A

Old-fashioned sexism: belief in traditional gender roles
Modern sexism: pretending that sexism is around anymore
Shonda Rhimes

21
Q

Culture

definition

A

Social patterns on shared meanings
Transmitted generationally

22
Q

In-group

A

the group that you belong too

23
Q

Cultral Variation

A

People often group others into a few big categories and think everyone in those groups is the same—especially when the group is different from their own.
They see more variation withing their own group

24
Q

Out-group

A

the group that you dont belong too

25
Out-group homogeneity
all of "them" are judged to be very similar​
26
Stereotype definition
oversimplified traits about a group
27
predjudice definition
negative attitude toward a group
28
Decreasing Tensions | 4 of them
Jigsaw Classroom (everyone relies on each other to succeed) Building Positive Relationships Multicultural Education Perspective Taking (empathy!)
29
Cross-cultural studies
comparing one culture to another
30
Ethnocentrism definition
tendency to favor one's own cultural group over others​
31
individualism
giving priority to personal goals rather than group goals; emphasizes values that serve the self
32
four sub-categories of individualism
personal choice intrintsic movtivation Self-esteem self-maximation
33
collectivism
giving priority to values that serve the group by setting aside personal goals to preserve group integrity
34
two sub-categories of collectivism
connectedness orientation to the larger group respect and obedience
35
SES
money + education + job status = SES
36
Lower ses
Less access to good schools, healthcare, safe neighborhoods.
37
higher ses
More opportunities and resources.
38
How will the experiences of low-income adolescents differ?
More stress, less support, limited access to good schools, more family responsibility, higher risk for mental health issues.
39
If you work with lower-income teens, remember
* Be understanding. * Recognize resource limits. * Support emotional needs. * Don’t make assumptions—every family’s situation is unique!