Unit 4 Flashcards
Is a changes of state a physical or chemical change?
physical
schematic diagram
shows the differences in physical properties and particle arrangement between substances in solid, liquid, gas.
Gas->Liquid->Solid
what is temp, molecular motion, and molecular interactions
temp decreases
molecular motion decreases
molecular interactions increases
Physical changes : Distillation
separates substances based on boiling points
Physical changes: filtration
separates substance based on particle size
Physical changes: chromatography
(ink going up paper)
uses differences in intermolecular forces to separate substances
Physical changes: deformation
cutting, denting, tearing, stretching, etc
Making solutions is an example of
(but not a new substance with new properties)
physical change
(ex- salt and water)
Physical properties of physical change
shape, color, texture, flexibility, density, mass
Are physical or chemical changes reversible
no they are irreversible
physical properties of a chemical change
a precipitate
color change
light
change in temp
sounds
evolution (production) of a gas (bubbles)
formation of a new substance with new properties
A+BC–>AC+B
single ionic replacement
AB+CD–>AD+CB
double ionic replacement
Combustion in an equation
CH4+O2–>CO2+H2O
reactants= CH4 and O
products= CO2 and H2O
Redox
(reduction-oxidation)
reduction is when a substance gains electrons
oxidation is when a substance loses elections
OIL RIG
oxidation is loss
reduction is gain
WHAT ARE YOU GONNA GET ON THE CHEM QUIZ AND TEST
A 100!!!!!!!!!!!!!! LETS GOOOOOOOOOO
Is this chemical/physical
mixture/compound:
NaHCO3+CH3COOH->CH3COONa+H2O+CO2
chemical compound
Is this chemical/physical
mixture/compound:
C12 H22 O11–>12CO2+11H2O
Chemical compound
what are the 7 diatomic elements that are found like that in nature
Br2,I2,N2,Cl2,H2,O2,F2
(Brinclhof)
SNAP ions
sodium, nitrate salts(NO3), ammonium(NH4), potassium
If you have a snap ion in the equation you…
Always separate!
if an element in an equation for a SNAP ion what is its denotation
(aq)
what are the only denotation that means you separate the compound in an equation
(aq)
What is the overall ionic equation for
NaCl(s)–>NaCl(aq)
NaCl(s)–>Na+(aq)+Cl-(aq)
What is the overall ionic equation for
C6H12O6(s)–>C6H12O6(aq)
C6H12O6(s)–>C6H12O6(aq)
stays the same
compunds that are (aq) that don’t separate
anything but weak acids or bases can be (aq) but dont seperate
What else is (aq) but dont separate?
weak acids
Weak acids
anything but the strong acids
OH- changes to
H2O
H3O+ changes to
H2O
what are the 6 strong acids
hydrobromic acids HBr
Hydrochloric acid HCl
Hydroiodic acid HI
Nitric acid HNO3
Perchloric acid HCIO4
Sulfuric acid H2SO4
What are the 7 strong bases
Lithium hydroxide LiOH
Sodium hydroxide NaOH
Potassium hydroxide KOH
Rubidium hydroxide RbOH
Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
Barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2
Strontium hydroxide Sr(OH)2
(last three CBS)
Argument that a physical process involves a chemical change
When salt is dissolved in water the ionic bonds between sodium (Na+) and Chloride (Cl-) ions are broken and new ion-dipole interactions are formed between the ion and the water.
Label either physical or chemical and intermolecular or intramolecular:
CH3OH(l)->CH3OH(g)
physical/intermolecular
Label either physical or chemical and intermolecular or intramolecular:
4Fe(s)+3O2(g)–>2Fe2O3(s)
chemical/intramolecular
Label either physical or chemical and intermolecular or intramolecular:
2Al2O3(s)–>4Al(s)+2O2(g)
chemical/ intramolecular
percent yield formula
actual yield/theoretical yied times 100
conversion between 2 substances formulas
atoms—6.02*10^23—moles—mass–grams
I
22.4
I
volume
titrant
solution with a known concentration (NHCl)
Analyte
what youre measuring (acid)
Jump in the titrant curve
big jump = equivalence point of mols titrant & analyte
where is the equivalence point
in the middle of the jump line
where is the excess reactant
lower line
acids are
proton donors
bases are
proton acceptors
H2O is usually
a base
Base changes to
conjugate acid (gained one proton)
acid changes to
conjugate base (lost one proton)
