Unit 4

Question 1

Define a skill?

Answer 1

A learnt action or behaviour with the intention of bringing about predetermined results e.g conversion in rugby

Question 2

Define ability?

Answer 2

Inherited from your parents, abilities are stable traits that determine an individuals potential e.g height

Question 3

Name the 4 different continua?

Answer 3

Basic to complex, open to closed, self-paced to externally-paced, gross to fine

Question 4

What is the basic to complex skill continuum?

Answer 4

Basic - few decision made, usually taught as a beginner e.g walking. Complex - decision making, takes considerable time e.g high jump

Question 5

What is the open to closed skill continuum?

Answer 5

Open - unstable environment, skill affected by people around you e.g rugby tackle. Closed - stable environment, skill will not change in how you do it e.g javelin throw

Question 6

What is the self to externally-paced skill continuum?

Answer 6

Self-paced - speed, pace and rate of movement controlled by performer e.g long jumper. Externally-paced - start of movement controlled by external factors e.g sprinters start off gun noise

Question 7

What is the gross to fine skill continuum?

Answer 7

Gross - large movements involving large muscle groups e.g throwing a javelin. Fine - smaller movements with smaller muscle groups requiring accuracy and precision throughout action e.g archery

Question 8

What does SMART targets stand for?

Answer 8

Specific, measurable, agreed, realistic, time-bound

Question 9

Name 2 reasons why goal setting is used?

Answer 9

Build resilience, motivate and guide yourself

Question 10

What does a performance goal include?

Answer 10

NO comparison to others, personal standards to be achieved and comparison to previous performances

Question 11

What is an outcome goal?

Answer 11

Sometimes compare to others, focus on end result, aim to win more than individual performance

Question 12

What are the 3 steps of information processing?

Answer 12

Senses - gathering data from input, prioritising the most important stimuli, making a suitable decision

Question 13

What is input?

Answer 13

Information received via the senses from the environment

Question 14

Describe decision making?

Answer 14

Data is analysed and a response is selected

Question 15

What is output?

Answer 15

Where the decision is acted on

Question 16

What is feedback for?

Answer 16

Data is received in response to the output

Question 17

What is extrinsic feedback?

Answer 17

Received from output through a coach, spectator or video replay

Question 18

What is intrinsic feedback?

Answer 18

Received from output through performer within emotions or kinaesthetic through receptors in muscles

Question 19

What are the types of feedback?

Answer 19

Intrinsic, extrinsic, knowledge of results, knowledge of performance, positive and negative

Question 20

Define knowledge of results?

Answer 20

Focus on the end of performance e.g score, time, position

Question 21

Define knowledge of performance?

Answer 21

Focus on how the athlete has performed and not the result e.g how well a move was executed in gymnastics

Question 22

What are the 4 types of guidance?

Answer 22

Verbal, visual, manual, mechanical

Question 23

What is visual guidance?

Answer 23

Guidance that you can see e.g a demonstration

Question 24

What is verbal guidance?

Answer 24

Guidance that you listen to e.g your coach

Question 25

What is manual guidance?

Answer 25

Physically moving the performer e.g coach supporting movement through physical touch

Question 26

What is mechanical guidance?

Answer 26

Using mechanical aids to assist the performer e.g using a float in swimming

Question 27

Define arousal?

Answer 27

Physiological and psychological state of alertness of excitement varying from deep sleep to intense excitement

Question 28

What are the 2 signs of arousal?

Answer 28

Somatic and cognitive (Physical and mental)

Question 29

What are 2 types of both somatic and cognitive signs of arousal?

Answer 29

Increased breathing rate + increased heart rate - Negative thoughts + nervous

Question 30

Give 3 ways or controlling arousal?

Answer 30

Exaggerated breathe in and out + mental rehearsal + positive self talk

Question 31

What are the 2 types of aggression?

Answer 31

Direct and indirect

Question 32

What is direct aggression?

Answer 32

Physical contact between performers, directly and deliberately inflict harm upon their opponent e.g rugby tackle

Question 33

What is indirect aggression?

Answer 33

Does NOT involve physical contact, taken out on an object to gain an advantage on opponent e.g badminton smash

Question 34

What are 3 characteristic traits of an extrovert?

Answer 34

Lack concentration, needs high level of arousal, fast pace/gross skills sports

Question 34

Give 3 characteristic traits of an introvert?

Answer 34

Does not need high level of high arousal, well suited to individual sports, concentration/precision

Question 35

What are the 2 types of motivation?

Answer 35

Intrinsic - Motivation that comes from within. Extrinsic- Motivation that comes from outside

Question 36

Give 2 examples of intrinsic motivation?

Answer 36

Self pride, makes you enjoy the sport

Question 37

Give 2 examples of extrinsic motivation?

Answer 37

Receiving prize money, gaining recognition from others e.g winning medals/trophys