Unit 4 Flashcards
Any agent capable of producing blisters/tissue damage
vesicant
Escape of blood into the tissues
Ecchymosis
Cannula becomes occluded with blood or drug precipitate.
Occluded cannula
Obstruction of a blood vessel by a thrombus or foreign material formed or introduced elsewhere in circulatory system and transported to that point through circulation
Embolism
Inadvertent administration of a vesicant solution/drug into the tissue
Extravasation
Inflammation of the intima of a vein
phlebitis
Inadvertent administration of a Non vesicant solution/drug into the tissue
infiltration
Condition precipitated by presence of more fluid volume than the circulatory system can manage
Circulatory overload
Inflammation of a vein in conjunction with a thrombus
Thrombophlebitis
Inflammation of cellular or connective tissue
Cellulitis
Bacterial invasion at venipuncture site resulting in an infectious disease process
Infection at site
Systemic disease caused by presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the body
Septicemia
blood clot
thrombus
A localized mass of blood causing a hard painful lump
Hematoma
Discontinue site, elevate extremity, apply warm compresses, notify physician
phlebitis
Discontinue site, culture cannula tip and drainage, notify physician, provide therapeutic processes as ordered by physician, continue monitoring
infection at site
Place in semi-Fowler’s position, catheter embolism assess vital signs, notify physician, provide therapeutic processes as ordered by physician
pulmonary embolism
Discontinue IV immediately, apply direct pressure, elevate extremity, and apply cold compresses
hematoma
Apply tourniquet to involved extremity at torso junction, notify physician and supervisor immediately, prepare patient for radiological evaluation, retain portion of catheter removed
Immediate discovery
Stop drug administration, follow facility extravasation treatment protocol; notify physician of event, continue monitoring of area
Extravasation
Slow infusion to a rate that just keeps the site patent, place patient in high Fowler’s position, apply warmth measures, assess vital signs, notify physician, provide therapeutic processes as prescribed by physician
circulatory overload
Cease venipuncture attempt, remove armboard, relocate IV site to other extremity, notify physician
Nerve irritation
Stop infusion; aseptically reserve assembled system for potential future testing; reestablish IV at new site with new solution, administration set, and cannula; obtain vital signs; notify physician; provide diagnostic culturing therapeutic processes as
Septicemia
Stop drug administration, follow facility extravasation treatment protocol; notify physician of event, continue monitoring of area.,
Extravasation
Correct source of air intake, place patient on left side in steep Trendelenburg position, obtain physician’s assistance immediately, provide therapeutic processes as prescribed by physician
air embolism
Place in semi-Fowler’s position, catheter embolism assess vital signs, notify physician, provide therapeutic processes as ordered by physician,
pulmonary embolism
Discontinue site, elevate extremity, caution patient not to rub or massage area, notify physician of observations, provide therapeutic processes as ordered by physician,
Thrombphlebitis
.Slow infusion to a rate that just keeps the site patent, place patient in high Fowler’s position, apply warmth measures, assess vital signs, notify physician, provide therapeutic processes as prescribed by physician
circulatory overload
Place in semi-Fowler’s position, catheter embolism assess vital signs, notify physician, provide therapeutic processes as ordered by physician
pulmonary embolism
Discontinue site, elevate extremity, caution patient not to rub or massage area, notify physician of observations, provide therapeutic processes as ordered by physician
thrombophlebitis
Cease venipuncture attempt, remove armboard, relocate IV site to other extremity, notify physician
nerve irritation
Discontinue IV immediately, apply direct pressure, elevate extremity, and apply cold compresses
hematoma
Fever, chills, general malaise, headache, nausea and vomiting, vascular collapse, and shock are signs and symptoms of what condition?
Septicemia
Which of the following are local complications associated with IV therapy?
Phlebitis, infiltration, and extravasation
What IV therapy complications has been reported to have a 40-50% mortality rate?
air embolism
Discoloration and formation of a hard painful lump adjacent to the venipuncture site are the two signs and symptoms of what condition?
hematoma
What are the two characteristics of a thrombophlebitis?
inflammation and thrombosis
Engorged neck veins, hypertension, severe dyspnea, and moist rales are indicators of:
circulatory overload
Pleuritic pain or discomfort, tachycardia, dyspnea, hemoptysis, and cyanosis are signs and symptoms of what condition?
pulmonary embolism
What signs and symptoms are indicative of an infiltration?
Swelling, coolness, and altered flow rate
Sterile/chemical, mechanical, and septic are sub-classifications of which of the following local complications?
phlebitis
Weeping of tissue may or may not develop in a patient who has which of the following complications?
Cellulitis
What is a true statement related to catheter embolism?
pt may be asymptomatic
What factors influence bacterial survival
Presence of specific organism, number of organisms, and resistance of host
What are the main sources of bacteria responsible for IV-associated infections?
air, blood, and skin
Intrinsic contamination may occur during?
manufacturing process
What type of contamination can result from compromised integrity of the venipuncture site dressing?
Extrinsic
What governmental agency issued the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
OSHA
Which of the following statements applies to the Bloodborne Pathogen Standard?
Gloves should be worn when touching blood and certain body fluids.
Which of the following intravenous therapy procedures is accompanied by a high risk for blood contact?
Peripheral venipuncture
What factors are identified as major contributors to IV therapy-related contamination?
Use of outdated parenteral fluids, inadequate preparation of cannula insertion site, and inappropriate handwashin
