Unit 2

Question 1

Functions of the skin?

Answer 1

protection, temp regulation, and sensation

Question 2

What are the layers of the skin?

Answer 2

Dermis, Epidermis, superficial fascia

Question 3

Highly sensitive & vascular layer of the skin?

Answer 3

dermis

Question 4

Skin layer that connects the dermis to underlying tissue and contains the majority of veins used in IV Therapy?

Answer 4

superficial fascia

Question 5

vessels carrying oxygenated blood from heart to tissue?

Answer 5

arteries

Question 6

connects capillaries and veins

Answer 6

venules

Question 7

more numerous than arteries

Answer 7

veins

Question 8

microscopic vessels between arterioles and venules

Answer 8

capillaries

Question 9

connects arteries and capillaries

Answer 9

arterioles

Question 10

Characteristic of veins

Answer 10

veins do not pulsate and are more numerous than arteries

Question 11

Applicable to arteries

Answer 11

comprised circulation to tissue area d/t injury

Question 12

Structural components common to both veins and arteries include which of the following?

Answer 12

Tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia

Question 13

What is a true statement of valves?

Answer 13

Purpose is to prevent back flow of blood

Question 14

Which cannot generate vasoconstriction

Answer 14

Infusion of an infusate warmed by warming device

Question 15

What are factors that could predispose an IV therapy patient to a vasovagal reaction?

Answer 15

Unfamiliarity with venipuncture procedure,traumatic experience associated with previous IV therapy, Preconceived fear of needles or IV therapy itself

Question 16

Edema

Answer 16

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the tissues

Question 17

Valve

Answer 17

Any contrivance or arrangement that regulates the amount and direction of flow of liquid, gas, vapor, or loose material

Question 18

Pathophysiology

Answer 18

disease that changes the structural or functional state of an organ

Question 19

What is the function of the heart?

Answer 19

To pump blood into the arterial system

Question 20

What IV therapy-related factors can cause variations in heart function and respiratory rates?

Answer 20

Fluid and electrolyte imbalances

Question 21

What IV therapy-related factors are likely to cause variations in respiratory function?

Answer 21

Fluid and electrolyte imbalances, pH change, and emboli

Question 22

What is the function of the pulmonary system?

Answer 22

Exchange of gases between organism and environment

Question 23

What IV therapy-related factors would cause a change in respiratory rate?

Answer 23

Electrolyte imbalance, emboli, and medication

Question 24

Hematology

Answer 24

study of blood

Question 25

Plasma

Answer 25

fluid portion of the blood

Question 26

Functions of blood

Answer 26

*delivers vital substances to capillaries *delivers metabolic end products to organs *aids in regulating body temperature *Maintains acid-base balance that is essential for homeostasis *Protects against bacterial invasion & disease

Question 27

Amount of blood

Answer 27

7% of body weight (5L in adults)

Question 28

Blood formation

Answer 28

red bone marrow and lymphatic tissue

Question 29

Components of Blood

Answer 29

-Plasma -Blood proteins - Nutritive materials - Mineral salts -Gases -Waste products -Hormones -antibodies -enzymes

Question 30

Amount of plasma

Answer 30

53-58% of blood

Question 31

Function of blood proteins

Answer 31

assist in blood clotting & immune system

Question 32

Function of gases found in the blood?

Answer 32

assist in pH balance (ex. O2, CO2)

Question 33

Funtion of Enzymes found in the blood?

Answer 33

body metabolism

Question 34

Leukocytes Function?

Answer 34

protects body against infection

Question 35

Erythrocytes Function?

Answer 35

Aids in transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 36

Thrombocytes Function?

Answer 36

Clotting

Question 37

List the steps of the blood clotting process

Answer 37

1.Platelets form a white thrombus, or platelet plug. 2.Platelets release serotonin. 3.Blood vessel goes into spasm narrowing vessel to decrease blood loss 4.Platelets release thromboplastin. 5.Thrombin works with fibrinogen to produce fibrin to form a meshwork that traps erythrocytes.

Question 38

of liters of blood in an adult?

Answer 38

5

Question 39

What 2 factors can alter normal blood clotting?

Answer 39

certain disease processes and medications