Unit 4 1.2 After School Assessments Flashcards
What is the criminal justice system
This is in England wales and it is a complex network of agencies which each play a key role in enforcing the law, delivering justice and ensuring public safety.
Explain the role of the Police in the criminal justice system
- they are responsible for investigating crimes, collecting evidence and arresting suspects.
- they work with the courts to ensure defendants in custody and brought before them
- they often give evidence in court
- they work closely with the crown prosecution service to determine whether there is enough evidence to charge a suspect
Ministry of justice
They oversee the work of
1. Hm courts and tribunal services
2. Probation services
3. Prison systems
Courts
- This is where criminal cases are heard and decided.
- the magistrate courts deal with less serious offences while the crown courts handle the more serious cases
-the judges and magistrates oversee the trials to ensure their fair and decide on guilt or innocence based on the evidence shared
Law creation
- this is the domain of the parliament
- the government ministers, mp’s or lords propose new laws or amendments which then go through the legislative process.
Formal punishment
- once a person is found guilty the courts will determine the appropriate punishment e.g. prison sentence, fine, community service
Describe the role of the crown prosecution service
The CPS is responsible for deciding whether to prosecute a case, based on the evidence collected by the police and whether it is in the public interest to bring charges
Relationship between agencies
The criminal justice system rely on close cooperation between different agencies including the police, cops, courts, probation services and prison authorities.
Summary of the criminal justice system procedure
- Law creation- a criminal law is made in parliament
- Police then enforce the law that is made by investigation breaches of criminal law, they will arrest a suspect and use their powers of detention.
- Cps- they advise the police on the appropriate charge
- Suspect brought before the court- all cases start at the magistrate court and around 5% go to the crown court
- The defendant released on bail or their remanded in to custody
- A guilty plea will result in sentencing or a plea of not guilty is a trial this will include witnesses giving evidence and then a bench of magistrates will decide the verdict
- If convicted a formal punishment will be given by the magistrates or the judge, if given a custodial sentence they are sent to prison
- Hm prison service oversee the welfare of prisoners
- When released from prison a prisoner is usually on license and is subject to supervision by the probation service, any breach may result in return to prison.
Explain the role of the criminal justice system
Law enforcement- The police investigate crimes, arrest suspects and gather evidence for prosecution
Crime prevention- they work to stop crimes from happening by patrolling areas, offering advice to the public and using surveillance
Public order- the police manage large gatherings, protests and events to ensure safety and prevent disorder
Support for victims- the police provide help and protection to victims of crime
Community engagement- building trust with the public to encourage cooperation and reduce crime
Describe the relationship between the courts and the police in the criminal justice system
Investigation- The police gather evidence and submit reports to the crown prosecution service which then decide whether to prosecute
Arrest and charge- after arresting a suspect the police charge them with a crime based on the evidence
Court proceedings- the police may be called to give evidence or provide witness statements during the trial
Bail and remand- the police are involved on whether a suspect should be released on bail or kept in custody until the trial
Enforcement of court orders- the police help enforce court orders such as arrest warrants or restraining orders
Describe how laws are created and enforced in the criminal justice system of England and wales
Law creation- laws are created by parliament through the legislative process which includes readings, debates and royal assent
Enforcement by police- the police enforce these laws by investigating crimes, arresting suspects and ensuring public safety
Role of courts- the courts interpret and apply the law during trials, ensuring justice is served, they determine the guilt or innocence and impose sentences
Criminal sanctions- laws are enforced through penalties like fines, community service or imprisonment
Explain how the different agencies in the criminal justice system cooperate to ensure formal punishment is carried out
Police and courts- the police gather evidence for the courts, once a suspect is convicted the courts impose a sentence
Courts and prisons- after sentencing the courts hand over convicted individuals to the prison service or other agencies
Probation service- works with offenders serving community sentences or released on license to service and rehabilitate them
Cooperation- all these agencies must communicate and share information to ensure that justice is carried out effectively
Describe the roles of the police, the courts and the prison service in the criminal justice system
The police investigate crimes, gather evidence and arrest suspects. The courts are responsible for conducting trials and delivering verdicts. The prison service manages the incarceration and rehabilitation of convicted offender.
Describe the relationship between the police and the CPS during a criminal investigation
The police collect evidence and present it to the CPS which reviews the evidence to decide whether to prosecute. The cops may advise the police on further evidence required and recommend charges based on the strength of the case and public interest