Unit 4 Flashcards
Faulty stimulus control: Response is under the control of the…
Wrong or irrelevant antecedent stimulus
Tight stimulus control: Response reliably occurs at a…
Much higher or lower frequency when the stimulus is present rather than absent
Incomplete stimulus control: Response inconsistently occurs in the…
Presence of the relevant stimulus
Discrimination training involves: _____
Reinforcing a response in the presence of a particular stimulus but not in its absence
Simple discrimination: _____
Response reinforced in the presence of a particular stimulus, not in its absence
Generalized identity matching: _____
Identifying or matching stimuli that look the same
Sorting: _____
Putting similar items together without a comparison stimulus
Matching: _____
Putting similar items together with a comparison stimulus
Arbitrary visual-visual matching: _____
Matching objects that do not look exactly the same
Arbitrary auditory-visual matching: _____
Auditory stimulus presented, visual stimulus identified
Attending occurs when a: _____
Learner’s eyes are oriented toward instructional materials or instructor(s)
Visual tracking: _____
Eye gaze follows movement between instructional materials and instructor(s)
Visual scanning: _____
Looking at/inspecting multiple stimuli in an array
Selection responses (3): _____
(1) Pointing to
(2) Touching
(3) Grabbing a specific stimulus
Overselectivity is responding based on: _____
A dimension of the task unrelated to the learning goal
Prompt is a: _____
Temporary supplemental stimulus
Prompt:
What does it do?: _____
Increases the likelihood of the target response occurring
Stimulus prompt:
What is it?: _____
A prompt that operates directly on antecedent stimuli
Stimulus prompt:
What does it do?: _____
Cues the correct response in conjunction with the critical SD
Position prompt:
How does it work?: _____
Placing the item to be taught closer to the learner
Redundancy of antecedent stimuli:
A prompt that: _____
Highlights a characteristic of the controlling stimulus
Response prompt:
What does it do?: _____
Operates directly on the response to cue a correct response
Verbal prompt:
What is it?: _____
Verbal stimulus that highlights the response to be evoked
Model prompt:
How does it work?: _____
Instructor demonstrates the correct response
Physical prompt:
How does it work?: _____
Instructor physically guides the learner’s motions through a response
Full physical prompt:
How does it work?: _____
Instructor uses physical support to complete the learner’s response
Partial physical prompt:
What is it?: _____
Gentle physical touch or partial support
Partial physical prompt:
How does it work?: _____
Instructor physically guides part of the response
Gestural prompt:
How does it work? _____
Instructor uses a physical movement to emphasize the stimulus or response
Errorless learning:
A technique to…
Minimize error frequency during instruction
Prompt dependency is evident when: _____
A response only occurs when a prompt is provided
Prompt fading: _____
Gradually reducing prompts to minimize the likelihood of errors
Prompt fading (SD): _____
Stimulus control transfer from a prompt to the SD
MTL prompting starts with: _____
Physically guiding the learner to complete the response requirement
MTL prompting involves: _____
Reducing the amount of physical guidance across trials or sessions
LTM prompting starts with: _____
Allowing the learner to perform the response with little assistance
LTM prompting involves: _____
Systematically increasing support until the learner engages in the target response
Graduated guidance: _____
Providing physical guidance only when needed, faded ASAP
Time delay:
A technique where the…
Time between the prompt is adjusted to allow for independent responding
Constant time delay: _____
Time delay between instruction and prompt remain the same
Progressive time delay: _____
Time delay between instruction and prompt gradually increases
Error correction: _____
Consequence delivered upon an incorrect response
Types of error correction (3): _____
(1) Provide feedback
(2) Model the correct response
(3) Require practice
Discrete trial training (DTT) involves: _____
Presenting the learner formal opportunities to perform a skill
Intertrial interval is time between the: _____
End of 1 trial, beginning of the next trial
DTT: End of a trial: _____
Reinforcer is delivered
Arbitrary auditory-visual matching AKA: _____
Receptive identification
General types of prompts (2): _____
(1) Stimulus prompts
(2) Response prompts
Types of response prompts (3): _____
(1) Verbal
(2) Model
(3) Physical (guidance)
4 prompt fading strategies: _____
(1) Most-to-least
(2) Least-to-most
(3) Graduated guidance
(4) Time delay
MTL prompting hierarchy (6): _____
(1) Full physical
(2) Partial physical
(3) Light physical
(4) Model/gestural
(5) Verbal
(6) Natural cue
LTM prompting hierarchy (6): _____
(1) Natural Cue
(2) Verbal
(3) Model/gestural
(4) Light physical
(5) Partial physical
(6) Full physical
Types of time delay (2): _____
(1) Constant
(2) Progressive
Simple Discrimination Training (Steps)
- Put one item in front of the learner
- Name the item
- All learner to respond (assist as needed)
- Reinforce correct response
Arbitrary auditory visual matching (Steps)
- Present auditory stimulus
- Present auditory stimulus again while
placing the comparison stimuli in front of the learner - Provide programmed prompt or wait for response
- Provide the consequence
Four-Step Error Correction Procedure
- Block
- Prompt
- Switch
- Retest
