Unit 4 Flashcards
Law of Effect: Organisms learn through: _____
Consequences of their actions
Operant behavior:
Effect: _____
Behavior that has an effect on the environment
Operant behavior:
Primarily under control of: _____
Its consequences
Operant selection:
Repeated cycles of: _____
Variability and modification of behavior by the environment over time
Reinforcement: _____
Environmental change following a response, increases future probability
Punishment: _____
Environmental change following a response, decreases future probability
Automaticity: _____
Automatic effect of reinforcement and punishment
Appetitive stimulus effect
Presented following behavior: _____
Functions as positive reinforcement
Appetitive stimulus effect:
Withdrawn following behavior: _____
Functions as negative punishment
Appetitive stimulus effect:
Abates behavior that: _____
Terminated it in the past
Aversive stimulus effect:
Presented following behavior: _____
Functions as positive punishment
Aversive stimulus effect:
Withdrawn following behavior: _____
Functions as negative reinforcement
Aversive stimulus effect:
Evokes behavior that: _____
Terminated it in the past
Positive reinforcement:
Following a response: _____
Appetitive stimulus presented or magnified, increases future probability
Positive reinforcer: _____
The appetitive stimulus presented following a response
Negative reinforcement:
Following a response: _____
Aversive stimulus removed or attenuated, increases future probability
Escape behavior: _____
Behavior that terminates an aversive stimulus
Escape behavior & avoidance behavior:
Maintained by: _____
Negative reinforcement
Avoidance behavior: _____
Behavior that terminates a warning stimulus, prevents aversive stimulus
Positive punishment:
Following a response: _____
Aversive stimulus presented or magnified, decreases future probability
Positive punisher: _____
The aversive stimulus presented following a response
Negative punishment:
Following a response: _____
Appetitive stimulus removed or attenuated, decreases future probability
Unconditioned reinforcer: _____
Reinforcing stimulus, did not require prior learning
Conditioned reinforcer: _____
Stimulus that acquired reinforcing properties through conditioning
Generalized conditioned reinforcer: _____
Conditioned reinforcer paired with variety of other reinforcers, effective for range of behaviors
Unconditioned punisher: _____
Punishing stimulus, did not require prior learning
Conditioned punisher: _____
Stimulus that acquired punishing properties through conditioning
Conditioned punisher: _____
Stimulus that acquired punishing properties through conditioning
Generalized conditioned punisher: _____
Conditioned punisher paired with variety of other punishers, effective for range of behaviors
Unplanned contingency: _____
Not explicitly arranged
Planned contingency: _____
Explicitly arranged by a person
Automatic reinforcement: _____
Reinforcement for the response is produced by the response
Automatic punishment: _____
Punishment for the response is produced by the response
Socially mediated reinforcement: _____
Reinforcement is mediated by another person
Food, water, return to normal temperature, sexual activity: examples of: _____
Unconditioned positive reinforcers
Unconditioned positive punisher: _____
Stimulus that naturally causes pain
