UNIT - 3B Operations management Flashcards

Question

what is waste of inventory/stock

Answer 1

Every piece of product tied up in raw material, work in progress or unsold finished goods have a cost until it can be sold. Storage is needed to hold this stock.

Answer 2

unnecessary motions are movements of man or machine which are not small or as easy to achieve as possible. This costs time and money, which may cause stress on employees and machines. for example, having heavy boxes at ground level that needs to be lifted vs having them at waist level. excessive travel between work stations

Answer 3

Any idle time produced when two interdependent processes are not completely synchronised. This may be due to slow production's machinery, technology issues or waiting for replies. The can disrupt the flow and force slower work

Answer 4

This is the worst type of wastage, and is a result from producing more goods/services than are required. Businesses need to aim to produce on the required amount. This impacts all other waste systems such as inventory, and is a waste of labour costs

Answer 5

This means putting more into the product than is valued by the customer. Examples include painting unseen work areas, intense check-lists, cleaning beyond the level required. This can break flow and waste time. The goal of a business should be to only perform the level of processing that is useful and necessary

Answer 6

Quality errors that cause defects costs the business. Creates excess work, waste of materials, paperwork, and can lead to lost customers. To solve this, training can reduce defects and improve quality.

Answer 7

Lean management is an approach to operations that attempts to improve efficiency by eliminating waste and improving quality to maximise customer value. The ultimate goal is to provide perfect value to the customer through a perfect value creating process that has zero waste.

Answer 8

Used as a tool for organising the workplace in a clean, efficient and safe manner to increase productivity. it is A methodical way to organise the workplace and working practices as well as being an overall philosophy and way of working.

Answer 9

``` sort set shine standardis sustain ```

Answer 10

refers to sorting of clutter from other items within the working areas that are needed/could be used for other things. Only leave what is required for the processes. - enables less inventory - enables less waiting and motion - enables more space to fit more production

Answer 11

arranging the remaining items after sort in an efficient manner. - labels - reduces waste in motion to find items or put them back - save costs when it comes to production

Answer 12

cleaning the work area, tools and equipment to ensure everything returns to their 'newly new' status. - ensures non-conformity can stand out - employees should be in charge

Answer 13

Ensuring the first 3 stages become habits - creates stability - makes it clear what the standard is - keeps things flowing - productivity increases - ensures tie isn't wasted

Answer 14

ensuring company continually improves the 5 stages and maintain it, should become the business culture. Involves sharing of ideas through meetings to discuss improvements - ensures continuous improvement to productivity and efficiency

Answer 15

efficiency: ensures you are getting the most out of your resources effectiveness: because the business is getting the most out of each resource, meaning more outputs can be produced and the cost per unit can be dropped. In addition this creates customer satisfaction.

Answer 16

if a business wants to improve its reputation and generate repeat sales then it needs to provide a quality product or service. quality management involves

Answer 17

quality control quality assurance total quality management

Answer 18

Is a procedure that aims to ensure that manufactured goods or performed services adheres to a set of quality criteria by performing at regular intervals. By ensuring benchmarks are set, and inspections are conducted on a regular basis, a business can be confident in their outputs.

Answer 19

- prevents poor quality goods snd/or services reaching the consumer - can increase sales and give business competitive advantage

Answer 20

- very wasteful, as rejected products involve raw materials, time and processes which are not sold to the consumer - does not always isolate cause of the problem - time consuming

Answer 21

Quality assurance is a system where the business meets a set of predetermined quality standards often set by an independent body. The business must meet a set of standards for the industry in order to receive the quality assurance.

Answer 22

- great for marketing - gives competitive advantage in domestic and global markets - reduces wastage and aims to stop errors

Answer 23

- can be expensive to gain certification | - can take additional time preparing for processing documents

Answer 24

A system of management based on the principle that every member of staff must be committed to maintaining high standards of work in ever aspect of business operations. It aims to create zero defects and continuous improvement to quality.

Answer 25

continuous improvement employee empowerment customer focus

Answer 26

The understanding that quality is ongoing and can be always improved. the businesss uses regular evaluation to have ongoing improvement into the future. The business continues to set high standards and aims to achieve.

Answer 27

employees re given responsibility to improve quality of business. Can do this through meetings, where they discuss ways to improve.

Answer 28

entire focus of total quality management is on the end customer. All employees play a role in creating a quality output that fulfils the needs of the end customer

Answer 29

effective: meets customer needs/expectations efficient: can effect efficiency by wasting the defects, however in the long term it should standardise the quality of all products and create a continuous standard the employees uphold

Answer 30

materials management refers to the systems that are implemented to ensure that the right supplies/inputs are available in the right numbers for the right costs when required.

Answer 31

A tool that relies on data from the past and present, so it can be analysed to discover trends which enables a business to predict future events. This will then allow a business to make informed decisions about the materials that will be required to make the product or provide the service.

Answer 32

- delivery times - price changes globally market conditions change - special demand times

Answer 33

- can anticipate seasonal changes and therefore adjust orders to save on cost and wastage - can help prevent over-ordering which takes up storage and space

Answer 34

- does not prepare business for unexpected events | - requires a lot of time to anticipate

Answer 35

efficiency: reduces chance of wastage, ordering only the correct stock, more storage space, does not waste employees time over manufacturing effectiveness: customer satisfaction, reduced costs, less waste

Answer 36

involves a detailed outline of what is to be produced in what quantities and when it is going to be produced. This allows a business to plan their inputs so they have enough resources to meet the schedule.

Answer 37

``` WHO (staff) What (products) when (production takes place) where (area ^^ takes place) how (methods) Which (inputs are produced) ```

Answer 38

- helps determine accurate ordering quantities - very clear to staff - good for standardised products - reduced general wastage - easy to learn

Answer 39

- not good for customised product - makes business unprepared for random demands - hard to change - initially expensive