Unit 310- extraction/surgery

Question 1

when would be the best opportunity to perform a periapical apicetomy

Answer 1

post crown tooth

Question 2

when there is a risk of oro-antral communication what should be done

Answer 2

x-ray taken before extraction

Question 3

name 6 minor oral surgeries

Answer 3

operculectomy- infected gum removal
alveolectomy- removing bone for smooth denture base
gingivectomy- adjust the gingivae for oral hygiene measures
perio flap surgery- sub calc removed
biopsy- removal of lesions
cyst removal
frenectomy- removal of frenum

Question 4

name elevators

Answer 4

cryers- triangle tips
warwick james- round side
winters- triangle with a corkscrew handle

Question 5

what is haemostats

Answer 5

gelatine sponge to aid blood clotting

Question 6

what are the beak forceps/ wisdom called

Answer 6

bayonet

Question 7

what is a coupland chisel for

Answer 7

splitting multi root teeth

Question 8

osteotrimmer/ Mitchell

Answer 8

raise the flap

Question 8

periosteal

Answer 8

elevation of the flap

Question 9

austin and kilner retractors

Answer 9

retract cheeks lips

Question 10

bone rongeurs

Answer 10

nibble bony spicules

Question 11

rake retractor

Answer 11

retract flap

Question 12

4 complications of extractions

Answer 12

-tooth fracture
-oroantral fistulas/communication
-bleeding
-infection localised osteitis dry socket

Question 13

dissecting forceps

Answer 13

hold loos flap

Question 14

what happens in primary haemorrhage

Answer 14

platelets clump together created fibrin that seals the vessels

Question 15

what is reactionary haemorrhage

Answer 15

not following post op instructions disturbs blood clot

Question 16

what is secondary haemorrhage

Answer 16

blood clot is lost infected socket

Question 17

if operculum recurs what can you use

Answer 17

electrosurgical cautery unit

Question 18

what is used in gingivoplasty

Answer 18

uses electrosurgical cautery unit

Question 19

anaesthetic does what

Answer 19

removes pain and pressure

Question 20

what does local contain

Answer 20

anaesthetic- block nerve transmissions
water
buffering agents- pH
preservative- shelf life
vasoconstrictors- prolongs the action adrenaline

Question 21

lidocaine articaine adrenaline

Answer 21

L- 1:80,000 adrenaline
A- 1:100,000 adrenaline
have vasoconstrictors

Question 22

citanest plain and mepivacaine scandonest

Answer 22

plain no vasoconstrictors

Question 23

what is adrenaline also called

Answer 23

epinephrine

Question 24

what medical conditions should you be careful with adrenaline

Answer 24

-hypertension -cardiac disease -hyperthyroidism

Question 25

topical

Answer 25

5% lidocaine paste

Question 26

name 4 administration techniques

Answer 26

1- nerve block 2- local infiltration 3- intraligamentary 4- intraosseous

Question 27

most common nerve block

Answer 27

inferior dental block

Question 28

mental nerve block numbs

Answer 28

anterior buccal soft tissues through the mental foramen

Question 29

posterior superior dental nerve block numbs

Answer 29

upper second and third molar through the maxillary mantrum

Question 30

what is a local infiltration

Answer 30

apex of the tooth

Question 31

what is intraligamentary injection

Answer 31

periodontal ligament of the tooth

Question 32

what is intraosseous

Answer 32

spongey bone between two teeth

Question 33

what do you do to anaesthetise upper teeth including 2nd and 3rd molars

Answer 33

buccal infiltration palatal infiltration 2+3= posterior superior dental block or buccal with a palatal infiltration

Question 34

what do you do to anaesthetise lower teeth

Answer 34

inferior dental block for all but lower three molars also can get buccal infiltration

Question 35

for restorative treatments for upper teeth and lower incisors

Answer 35

upper- buccal infilt lower incisors- buccal infilt

Question 36

what is called when you can feel pins and needles after injection wears off

Answer 36

paraesthesia

Question 37

what is general anaesthesia GA

Answer 37

unconscious nasal mask of gas endotracheal anaesthesia laryngoscope is placed in trachea

Question 38

name and explain 3 conscious sedations

Answer 38

1- oral tablet night before and hour before treatment 2- inhalation nitrous oxide and oxygen 3- intravenous patient's vein

Question 39

pre and post intravenous instructions

Answer 39

pre- no nail varinsh, food, no alocohol post- get picked up, rest at home, don't drive, no alcohol

Question 40

what is the best sedation for children

Answer 40

inhalation of nitrous oxide through a nasal hood

Question 41

percentages of n2o and o2 -after treatment what happens

Answer 41

50% 30% -100% o2

Question 42

during inhalation what should be checked

Answer 42

pulse and respiration no need for pulse oximeter

Question 43

how long is pt recovery for inhalation

Answer 43

15 min

Question 44

where is intravenous injected to

Answer 44

top of hand dorsum injection

Question 45

what is injected in intravenous

Answer 45

midazolam

Question 46

what is it called injection drug into the vein

Answer 46

venepuncture

Question 47

name the different injections for intravenous

Answer 47

Y-can venflon butterfly

Question 48

what is it called when the dose is in increments

Answer 48

titration ensures pt is not overdosed

Question 49

what drug is emergency antidote for overdose

Answer 49

flumazenil

Question 50

what machine does intravenous need

Answer 50

pulse oximeter machine

Question 51

what do you need when setting up for intravenous

Answer 51

-blood pressure -arm board -mouth props -pulse oximeter

Question 52

how to monitor pt in intravenous

Answer 52

-skin colour -breathing -pulse oximeter records the oxygen saturation levels -pulse -blood pressure machines

Question 53

blood pressure technique

Answer 53

sphygmomanometer stethoscope

Question 54

what is average blood pressure reading

Answer 54

120/80

Question 55

signs of blocked airway when sedated

Answer 55

-blue face -rise in pulse rate or pressure

Question 56

what can an overdose of intravenous sedation cause

Answer 56

paralysing muscles unable to breath hypoxia

Question 57

what emergency essential do you need for sedation

Answer 57

-suction -oropharyngeal -manual pulmonary resuscitator -flumazenil if overdose -oxygen mask

Question 58

name two forms of anxiety control

Answer 58

hyponosis acupuncture- body releases endorphins

Question 59

what to do with lost tooth ready to re implanted

Answer 59

immerse in milk

Question 60

pa radiograph is to check what

Answer 60

root curvature

Question 61

overdose on intravenous is a sign of

Answer 61

breathing rate

Question 62

which sedation is offered if no other acceptable

Answer 62

oral

Question 63

anaesthsia not to pregnant women

Answer 63

prilocaine 3%

Question 64

nitrous oxide cyclinder colour

Answer 64

blue

Question 65

emergency haemostatis required sutures cause of what

Answer 65

reactionary haemorrhage

Question 66

alveolar bone lying too close to the antrum during implant what procedure

Answer 66

sinus lift

Question 67

implant drill

Answer 67

twist drill