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DENTAL NURSE > Unit 310- extraction/surgery > Flashcards

Unit 310- extraction/surgery Flashcards

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1
Q

when would be the best opportunity to perform a periapical apicetomy

A

post crown tooth

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2
Q

when there is a risk of oro-antral communication what should be done

A

x-ray taken before extraction

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3
Q

name 6 minor oral surgeries

A

operculectomy- infected gum removal
alveolectomy- removing bone for smooth denture base
gingivectomy- adjust the gingivae for oral hygiene measures
perio flap surgery- sub calc removed
biopsy- removal of lesions
cyst removal
frenectomy- removal of frenum

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4
Q

name elevators

A

cryers- triangle tips
warwick james- round side
winters- triangle with a corkscrew handle

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5
Q

what is haemostats

A

gelatine sponge to aid blood clotting

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6
Q

what are the beak forceps/ wisdom called

A

bayonet

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7
Q

what is a coupland chisel for

A

splitting multi root teeth

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8
Q

osteotrimmer/ Mitchell

A

raise the flap

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8
Q

periosteal

A

elevation of the flap

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9
Q

austin and kilner retractors

A

retract cheeks lips

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10
Q

bone rongeurs

A

nibble bony spicules

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11
Q

rake retractor

A

retract flap

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12
Q

4 complications of extractions

A

-tooth fracture
-oroantral fistulas/communication
-bleeding
-infection localised osteitis dry socket

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13
Q

dissecting forceps

A

hold loos flap

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14
Q

what happens in primary haemorrhage

A

platelets clump together created fibrin that seals the vessels

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15
Q

what is reactionary haemorrhage

A

not following post op instructions disturbs blood clot

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16
Q

what is secondary haemorrhage

A

blood clot is lost infected socket

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17
Q

if operculum recurs what can you use

A

electrosurgical cautery unit

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18
Q

what is used in gingivoplasty

A

uses electrosurgical cautery unit

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19
Q

anaesthetic does what

A

removes pain and pressure

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20
Q

what does local contain

A

anaesthetic- block nerve transmissions
water
buffering agents- pH
preservative- shelf life
vasoconstrictors- prolongs the action adrenaline

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21
Q

lidocaine articaine adrenaline

A

L- 1:80,000 adrenaline
A- 1:100,000 adrenaline
have vasoconstrictors

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22
Q

citanest plain and mepivacaine scandonest

A

plain no vasoconstrictors

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23
Q

what is adrenaline also called

A

epinephrine

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24
Q

what medical conditions should you be careful with adrenaline

A

-hypertension
-cardiac disease
-hyperthyroidism

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25
Q

topical

A

5% lidocaine paste

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26
Q

name 4 administration techniques

A

1- nerve block
2- local infiltration
3- intraligamentary
4- intraosseous

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27
Q

most common nerve block

A

inferior dental block

28
Q

mental nerve block numbs

A

anterior buccal soft tissues through the mental foramen

29
Q

posterior superior dental nerve block numbs

A

upper second and third molar through the maxillary mantrum

30
Q

what is a local infiltration

A

apex of the tooth

31
Q

what is intraligamentary injection

A

periodontal ligament of the tooth

32
Q

what is intraosseous

A

spongey bone between two teeth

33
Q

what do you do to anaesthetise upper teeth including 2nd and 3rd molars

A

buccal infiltration
palatal infiltration
2+3= posterior superior dental block or buccal with a palatal infiltration

34
Q

what do you do to anaesthetise lower teeth

A

inferior dental block for all but lower three molars also can get buccal infiltration

35
Q

for restorative treatments for upper teeth and lower incisors

A

upper- buccal infilt
lower incisors- buccal infilt

36
Q

what is called when you can feel pins and needles after injection wears off

A

paraesthesia

37
Q

what is general anaesthesia GA

A

unconscious nasal mask of gas
endotracheal anaesthesia
laryngoscope is placed in trachea

38
Q

name and explain 3 conscious sedations

A

1- oral tablet night before and hour before treatment
2- inhalation nitrous oxide and oxygen
3- intravenous patient’s vein

39
Q

pre and post intravenous instructions

A

pre- no nail varinsh, food, no alocohol
post- get picked up, rest at home, don’t drive, no alcohol

40
Q

what is the best sedation for children

A

inhalation of nitrous oxide through a nasal hood

41
Q

percentages of n2o and o2
-after treatment what happens

A

50%
30%
-100% o2

42
Q

during inhalation what should be checked

A

pulse and respiration no need for pulse oximeter

43
Q

how long is pt recovery for inhalation

A

15 min

44
Q

where is intravenous injected to

A

top of hand dorsum injection

45
Q

what is injected in intravenous

A

midazolam

46
Q

what is it called injection drug into the vein

A

venepuncture

47
Q

name the different injections for intravenous

A

Y-can
venflon
butterfly

48
Q

what is it called when the dose is in increments

A

titration ensures pt is not overdosed

49
Q

what drug is emergency antidote for overdose

A

flumazenil

50
Q

what machine does intravenous need

A

pulse oximeter machine

51
Q

what do you need when setting up for intravenous

A

-blood pressure
-arm board
-mouth props
-pulse oximeter

52
Q

how to monitor pt in intravenous

A

-skin colour
-breathing
-pulse oximeter records the oxygen saturation levels
-pulse
-blood pressure machines

53
Q

blood pressure technique

A

sphygmomanometer
stethoscope

54
Q

what is average blood pressure reading

A

120/80

55
Q

signs of blocked airway when sedated

A

-blue face
-rise in pulse rate or pressure

56
Q

what can an overdose of intravenous sedation cause

A

paralysing muscles
unable to breath
hypoxia

57
Q

what emergency essential do you need for sedation

A

-suction
-oropharyngeal
-manual pulmonary resuscitator
-flumazenil if overdose
-oxygen mask

58
Q

name two forms of anxiety control

A

hyponosis
acupuncture- body releases endorphins

59
Q

what to do with lost tooth ready to re implanted

A

immerse in milk

60
Q

pa radiograph is to check what

A

root curvature

61
Q

overdose on intravenous is a sign of

A

breathing rate

62
Q

which sedation is offered if no other acceptable

A

oral

63
Q

anaesthsia not to pregnant women

A

prilocaine 3%

64
Q

nitrous oxide cyclinder colour

A

blue

65
Q

emergency haemostatis required sutures cause of what

A

reactionary haemorrhage

66
Q

alveolar bone lying too close to the antrum during implant what procedure

A

sinus lift

67
Q

implant drill

A

twist drill

DENTAL NURSE (12 decks)

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