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DENTAL NURSE > Unit 304- oral anatomy+exam > Flashcards

Unit 304- oral anatomy+exam Flashcards

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1
Q

where are mamelons found

A

incisal edge

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2
Q

what tooth has the longest root

A

canine

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3
Q

what is ptyaslism

A

excessive saliva

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4
Q

name 3 epithelial membrane

A

lining, masticatory, specialised

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5
Q

what is term for swallowing

A

deglutition

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6
Q

name 2 taste buds

A

filiform + fungiform papillae

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7
Q

what adaptation does the lining epithelium mucous membrane under tongue

A

thin rapid absorption

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8
Q

what is glossitis and caused by what

A

inflammation of tongue
vitamin B
anaemia
low irom levels

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9
Q

4 reasons for dysphagia

A

1-psychological
2-xerostomia-dry mouth
3-oesophagitis-inflamation of oesophagus
4-central nervous system-stroke

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10
Q

enamel main mineral crystals

A

96% calcium hydroxyapatite/interprismatic structure

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11
Q

junction between enamel and dentine

A

ameldodentinal junction

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12
Q

hydroxyapatite crystal exchange with fluoride to make what

A

fluorapatite crystals

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13
Q

how much crystals in dentine

A

80%

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14
Q

how many crystals in cementum

A

65%
50

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15
Q

what cells from cementum

A

cementoblasts

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16
Q

pulp structures

A

-contains nerves and blood vessels
-sensory nerve endings run fribrils in hollow dentine tubules

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17
Q

junction where cementum and dentine meet

A

dentinocemental

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18
Q

what is the first and second molar of deciduous teeth UR numbers

A

D and E 54 55

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19
Q

deciduous teeth upper and lower 1st and 2nd molar number of cusps

A

1st on both is 4
2nd on both is 5

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20
Q

where is cusps of carabelli found

A

upper first molar

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21
Q

how many incisors in adults and children

A

8
0

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22
Q

what is the enzyme in salvia called

A

ptyain

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23
Q

changes to oral tissues with age is called

A

gerontology

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24
Q

what is halitosis

A

bad breath

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25
Q

whats the reason for teeth to darken and thin less elastic

A

age

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26
Q

what is healthy measurement between tooth and gingival margin

A

3mm

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27
Q

what is Sjogen syndrome

A

low moisture levels

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28
Q

what measurements on BPE probe

A

3.5,5.5,7mm

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29
Q

what is exfoliation

A

roots are resorbed by adult teeth and they fall out

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30
Q

what is divergent roots

A

deciduous roots splayed out

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31
Q

deciduous teeth 2 adaptions

A

1- large pulp chamber
2- thin enamel

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32
Q

which two teeth have 5 cusps

A

upper 1st molar and lower 1st molar

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33
Q

what is the raised area of an incisor

A

cingulum

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33
Q

which premolar has two roots

A

upper 1st premolar
canine fossa

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34
Q

which tooth is the largest

A

1st upper molar

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35
Q

what is lamina dura

A

compact bone

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36
Q

what is alveolar bone named as and what is the outer layer called

A

spongey bone
alveolar mucosa

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37
Q

what is the layer of gingiva called

A

mucoperiosteal layer

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38
Q

what is the order of gingiva going down the tooth

A

-attached
-free
-marginal
-gingiva crevice(suclus)
-epithelial attachment of junction

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39
Q

what is the natural mound of gingival tissue called (gum inbetween each tooth)

A

interdental papila

40
Q

signs of gingivitis

A

-false pockets
-inflamed
-bleed
-red and shiny

41
Q

what is the term for overgrown gums and why

A

hyperplasia
drugs like epilepsy

42
Q

what acts as a shock absorber

A

periodontal ligament

43
Q

periodontal ligament fibres in order

A

-free gingival fibres-maintain cuff
-transeptal fibres-maintain gingival attachments
-alveolar crest fibres-prevents movement
-horizontal fibres
-oblique fibres
-apical fibres which are next to apical foramen

44
Q

what are the fibres made of

A

collagen

45
Q

what is the ability called to detect and transmit sensations

A

proprioception

46
Q

what are the salivary glands called

A

exocrine glands

47
Q

sublingual gland duct and what nerve

A

many sublingual ducts
facial nerve

48
Q

what connects the parotid gland to oral cavity and what cranial never

A

stenson duct
glossopharyngeal

49
Q

what connects the submandibular gland to oral cavity and what cranial never

A

wharton duct
facial nerve

50
Q

two functions of saliva

A

1-mucous secretory (thick for lubrication minerals and enzymes)
2-serous secretory (thin for antibodies and electrolytes)

51
Q

function of minerals in saliva
sodium calcium electrolytes- phosphates

A

neutralise acids good PH in oral cavity
mineralisation of plaque

52
Q

what is function of salivary amylase

A

digestive enzyme starts digestion called ptyalin

53
Q

what are antibodies and white blood cells in saliva for

A

fight infections like perio
healing
WBC- fights oral infection

54
Q

mucus in saliva is for

A

lubrication

55
Q

water in salvia is for

A

lubrication
dissolve food
cleansing teeth

56
Q

patients with low and high mineral content have

A

L-watery, little calculus, high caries
H-thick, more calculus, lower caries

57
Q

what can cause xerostomia

A

irradiation(radiotherapy)
medication(antidepressants)
Sjogren syndrome

58
Q

what is cause of ptyalism 4

A

-perio
-trauma
-acid reflux
-parkinsons

59
Q

what do you use 4 study models for

A

occlusion
appearance toothwear
ortho
crown

60
Q

what do you use 3 photographs for

A

appearance before and after
tissue lesions
trauma

61
Q

cold vitality test

A

-ethyl chloride
-endofrost

62
Q

what does it mean with increased response

A

early pulpitis

63
Q

hot vitality test

A

-warm GP
-warm water and rubber dam

64
Q

electrical test

A

pulp tester

65
Q

what does reduced response mean

A

pulp is dying

66
Q

what does dentist check in extra oral examination

A

-skin colour (blemishes, facial symmetry)
-lips (colour size)
-lymph nodes (swellings)

67
Q

what is unusual blemishes may indicate

A

melanoma

68
Q

what does blue purple lips indicate

A

heart failure

69
Q

what do swollen lymph nodes indicate

A

fighting infection

70
Q

what do dentist check with intraoral examination

A

-mucosa (colour, texture, patches, tonsils)
-tongue (colour, texture, patches)
-floor of mouth (colour, texture, patches)

71
Q

code 1
code 2

A

1-bleeding no more than 3.5mm no plaque
2-no more than 3.5mm plaque

72
Q

code 3
code 4

A

3- pocket up to 5.5mm
4- more than 5.5mm

73
Q

code *

A

for furcation pockets of 7mm+

74
Q

grade 1,2,3 mobile

A

1- side to side less than 2mm
2- side to side more than 2mm
3- vertical movement

75
Q

how many cusps in baby 1st and 2nd molar upper and lower

A

1st u+l 4 cusps
2nd u+l 5 cusps

76
Q

which part of mouth is not covered by masticatory membrane

A

floor of mouth

77
Q

reduced saliary flow and hard to swallow

A

xerostomia

78
Q

layout of the dentine

A

hollow tubes

79
Q

80% CH crystals in

A

dentine

80
Q

which tooth has cingulum

A

lower canine

81
Q

what gingival tissues between tooth and periodontium

A

junctional epithelial

82
Q

space between each tooth is what epithelium

A

sulcular

83
Q

what fibres help tooth not to move rotation

A

oblique

84
Q

parotid glands easily can develop

A

benign tumours

85
Q

where do the sublingal glands lie

A

above mylohoid line

86
Q

what in saliva helps in healing

A

antibiodies

87
Q

which two teeth have 3 roots and 5 cusps

A

upper e and upper 6

88
Q

nerve end sections in dentine

A

fibrils

89
Q

outermost layer of CH crystals is what structure

A

inter-prismatic substance

90
Q

which probe is not used in a perio assessment

A

cpitn

91
Q

what xray to show primary meisodens

A

anterior occlusal

92
Q

overhangs xray

A

horiozonal bitewing

93
Q

which virus is responsibel for oropharyngeal cancer

A

human papillomavirsus

94
Q

chicken pox is herpes

A

varicella

95
Q

random inheritence of antibodies is caused by

A

natural immunity

96
Q

which vaccination protects imuuinty brain and spinal cord

A

menigitis

97
Q

lesion that is not assoicated by micororganisms

A

apthous ulcer

98
Q

onset hot cold sensitivty sign of

A

reversible pulpitis

DENTAL NURSE (12 decks)

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