Unit 306- radiography

Question 1

what does the step wedge test and what is it

Answer 1

developer solution
quality
aluminium step

Question 2

layers of the film

Answer 2

paper film paper foil

Question 3

what happens when mounting is done wrong

Answer 3

wrong treatment could be provided

Question 4

when are radiation monitoring badges worn

Answer 4

by nurses when there is more than 150 intra-oral exposures or more than 50 pantomographs

Question 5

what is the x-ray called showing both jaws

Answer 5

panoramic tomograph

Question 6

what is automatic processing and the order

Answer 6

series chemicals at precise time and temperature
films dropped into roller(conveyor belt), developer, fixer, water, drier

Question 7

3 types of intra-oral x-rays

Answer 7

horizontal and vertical(shows roots) bitewing
periapical
anterior occlusal

Question 8

3 regulations for radiography

Answer 8

ionising radiation regulation IRR99
ionising radiation medical exposures IR(ME)R
local rules

Question 9

what does ALARP mean

Answer 9

as low as reasonably practicable

Question 10

what is scatter radiation

Answer 10

bounces of tissue cells and can re-expose patients

Question 11

what does ALARP do to help scatter radiation 3 things

Answer 11

-fast films
-short exposure time
-rectangular collimator tube

Question 12

what three people should there be in the work place

Answer 12

1- legal person(ensures workplace is in compliance)
2- radiation protection advisor(gives advice)
3- radiation protection supervisor(assess risks and ensure precautions)

Question 13

how far is controlled area

Answer 13

2m or further

Question 14

what is isolation switch

Answer 14

cut of circuit from power source

Question 15

what does the radiation protection file include

Answer 15

-local rules
-risk assessment by legal person
-patient protection
-alarp
details of the quality assurance programme

Question 16

who supplies the badges

Answer 16

radiation protection division

Question 17

what is the substance called when absorbed or scattered and what is it called when passes through

Answer 17

-radiopaque
-radiolucent

Question 18

how often should moderate caries risk and high caries risk be radiographed

Answer 18

moderate- every year
high-6 months

Question 19

layers of extra oral film

Answer 19

cassette case
intensifying screen
rare earth coating
xray film

Question 20

whats the intensifying screen for

Answer 20

reduce to dose of radiation exposure

Question 21

what happens with cassette after exposure

Answer 21

-take to a dark room
-place in cassette container

Question 22

how does intensifying screens create an image

Answer 22

fluorescence brightness

Question 23

name extra-oral radiographs

Answer 23

-DPT/OPT/OPG
-lateral oblique(3rd molar, one side mandible)
-lateral skull(side of the head, uses machine called cephalostat, jaw growth, ortho)

Question 24

what is bisecting angle technique

Answer 24

at an angle due to restricted patients size of mouth used non anterior occlusal and lateral oblique

Question 24

what is the paralleling technique

Answer 24

exactly parallel to the tooth same size as tooth

Question 25

what is digital radiography

Answer 25

x-ray is fired at sensor plate which converts image on the computer directly

Question 26

what happens if light enters the light tight lid container

Answer 26

image could be lost

Question 27

automatic processing explained

Answer 27

-check chemical and water levels
-temperature is correct
-film placed
-removed packet
-developer, fixer, water, drier

Question 28

what is manual processing

Answer 28

dark room with 4 tanks- developer, water, fixer, water that sit in a bath at 18-22 degree
orange light for some vision

Question 29

what is mounting

Answer 29

positioning x-ray on a light box and magnifier

Question 30

shorting of image

Answer 30

collimator angulation too steep

Question 31

elongation of image

Answer 31

collimator angulation too shallow producing long image

Question 32

coning

Answer 32

not central film partly exposed

Question 33

blurred

Answer 33

moving during exposure

Question 34

faint image

Answer 34

film is placed wrong way
developer solution weak, temp low

Question 35

fogged

Answer 35

exposed to light before

Question 36

blank film/loss of film

Answer 36

machines not on
film stuck in roller

Question 37

scratches or fingerprints

Answer 37

not holding film by edges

Question 38

blank spots

Answer 38

fixer splashed before developer

Question 39

black line across film

Answer 39

film bent

Question 40

brown stains

Answer 40

incorrect fixing old solution

Question 41

crazed film

Answer 41

dried too quick

Question 42

crystals

Answer 42

not washed good after fixing

Question 43

dark film

Answer 43

developer solution too much, temp too high

Question 44

partly blank film

Answer 44

partially immersed in developer

Question 45

fading image

Answer 45

not enough in fixer

Question 46

artefacts

Answer 46

solution spillages

Question 47

what is digital indirect

Answer 47

phosphor plate exposure then scanned to PSP scanner passes onto computer carestream