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Health and Social Care level 3 > Unit 3 / Year 2 > Flashcards

Unit 3 / Year 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main types of tissues?

A
  • Epithetical tissues = Protection, Secretion, absorption.
  • Connective - Support soft body parts and bind structures together.
  • Muscle - Movement
  • Nervous - Conducts impulses used to help control and coordinate body activities.
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2
Q

What are the two different types of cells?

A
  • Human
  • Animal
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3
Q

What makes up the epithelial tissue?

A
  • Simple
  • Compound
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4
Q

What is the Cell Membrane within a human cell?

A

An outer coating which selectively transports substances into and out of the cells.

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5
Q

What is the Nucleus within a human cell?

A

The control centre of the cell, regulating its general and specialist functions

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6
Q

What are Ribosomes within a human cell?

A

They Manufacture other proteins that the body needs.

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7
Q

What are Mitochondria within a human cell?

A

These supply the Cell’s energy source.

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8
Q

What are Centrolises within a human cell?

A

An essential part of the Cell Division.

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9
Q

What are the different types of cell functions?

A

Respiration, Growth, Excretion, Irritability

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10
Q

What are Enzymes used for in a human Cell?

A

Enzymes are Protein Catalysts that enable metabolic reactions.

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11
Q

What are Empithial tissues used for in the Human Body?

A

It makes up the lining of the body and its organs with epithelial cells.

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12
Q

What are Connective tissues used for in the Human Body?

A

It plays a supportive structural role in the body which also includes blood.

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13
Q

What are Muscular tissues used for in the Human Body?

A

Allows for movement and also helps with circulation and digestion.

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14
Q

What is Nervous tissue used for in the Human Body?

A

Allows for electrical impulses within the body, allowing for faster transfer of information.

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15
Q

What are the different types of connective tissues?

A

Cartilage, Adipose, Areolar, Bone, Blood.

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16
Q

What are the 3 different types of muscle tissue?

A

1,) Striated = These Muscular tissues are under conscious control, they enable us to control our bones and Muscles in order to move our body.

2,) Non-Striated = These muscular tissues are generally inside the body in which we are not consciously aware off and do not have control off.

3,) Cardiac Tissue = These tissues are found within the heart and are involuntary and not within our subconscious control.

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17
Q

What are the different characteristics of muscle tissue?

A

1,) Contractibility
2,) Irritability
3,) extensibility
4,) elasticity

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18
Q

What does the brain do?

A

The brain is the centre of all neurological functions and allows the human body to function and move within daily life

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19
Q

What does Skin do?

A

A protective outer layer of the human body, protecting the body’s organs and structural stability.

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20
Q

What does the heart do?

A

A centre point of he body within the chest. Pumping blood around the body and is essential for human life.

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21
Q

What do the lungs do?

A

Located either side of the human chest and generate oxygen to be pumped around the human body.

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22
Q

What does the liver do?

A

This is part of the digestion system and helps with excretion of toxic chemicals or waste from he human body.

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23
Q

What does the pancreas do?

A

Located behind the stomach, allowing for secretion of enzymes within the digestive system.

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24
Q

What does the pancreas do?

A

Located behind the stomach, allowing for secretion of enzymes within the digestive system.

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25
Q

What is metabolism?

A

This process is a rate of dictation in which the food coverts food, into nutrition.

26
Q

What is catabolism in the human body?

A

This process allows for the breakdown of Substances and Chemicals which includes Carbohydrates, and protein.

27
Q

What is Anoblism in the human body?

A

This process is the opposite of Catabolism in which this process builds larger molecules instead of making them smaller and breaking them down.

28
Q

What is genetic inheritance within human science?

A

This is when a child has certain characteristics from their parents passed on to them from their parents. These characteristics are part of the child’s genes.

29
Q

How many Chromeosomes does a Human Cell have?

A

In the Human cell, there are 46 Chromozones altogether.

30
Q

How many Chromosomes are split between Male and Female Human cells?

A

There are 23 in both the Male and Female Chromosomes. This allows for joint connection during sexual intercourse to create a newborn with 46 Chromosomes.

31
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

32
Q

What does Alleie mean as one of our Keywords?

A

alternative versions of a gene, giving different traits.

33
Q

What does Trait mean as one of our Keywords?

A

a genetically determined characteristic

34
Q

What does “Dominant allele” mean one of our keywords?

A

If present, the trait is always expressed.

35
Q

What does “recessive allele” mean as one of our keywords?

A

Two copies of this allele must be present for this trait to be expressed.

36
Q

What are the 4 most common Respiratory Disorder’s?

A
  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  • Asthma
  • Pneumonia
  • Lung Cancer
37
Q

Describe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) makes breathing increasingly more difficult. But it develops slowly over many years and you may not be aware you have it at first.

38
Q

Describe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

A

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) makes breathing increasingly more difficult. But it develops slowly over many years and you may not be aware you have it at first.

39
Q

What are the symptoms of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

A
  • Increasing breathlessness – this may only happen when exercising at first, and you may sometimes wake up at night feeling breathless
  • A persistent chesty cough with phlegm that does not go away
  • Frequent chest infections
  • Persistent wheezing
40
Q

What are the most common causes of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

A
  • Smoking
  • Fumes and Dust at Work
  • Air Pollution
  • Genetic’s
41
Q

What are the most common ways Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is diagnosed?

A
  • Spirometry (Helps show you how well your lungs are working)
  • Chest X-Ray
  • Blood Test’s (Testing for high amounts of blood red cells in your blood)
42
Q

What are the most common and effective ways of Treating Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

A
  • Stop Smoking (Most common and first stage of treatment)
  • Inhalers of different forms depending on the individual case.
  • Theophylline Tablets
  • Mucolytics
  • Steroid Tablet’s (Given in exceptionally bad cases and only for a short period of time)
  • Antibiotics if the condition turns into a bacterial infection.
43
Q

Are there known facts on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

A
  • Common in middle-aged individuals.
  • More risk of developing this if you smoke regularly.
  • Breathing problems generally are known to get worse over time while suffering from this condition.
44
Q

Describe what Asthma in a summary.

A

Asthma is a common lung condition that causes occasional breathing difficulties.

45
Q

What are the most common symptoms of Asthma?

A

-wheezing, coughing and chest tightness becoming severe and constant.

  • being too breathless to eat, speak or sleep
  • breathing faster
  • a fast heartbeat
  • drowsiness, confusion,
    exhaustion or dizziness
  • blue lips or fingers
  • fainting
46
Q

What are the most common causes of Asthma

A

Who’s at risk
A number of things can increase your chances of getting asthma.

These include:

  • Having an allergy-related condition, such as eczema, a food allergy or hay fever – these are known as atopic conditions.
  • Having a family history of asthma or atopic conditions
    having had bronchiolitis – a common childhood lung infection
    exposure to tobacco smoke as a child.
  • Your mother smoking during pregnancy
    being born prematurely (before 37 weeks) or with a low birth weight.

Some people may also be at risk of developing asthma through their job.

Asthma triggers

Common triggers include:

  • Infections like colds and flu
    allergies – such as to pollen, dust mites, animal fur or feathers
    smoke, fumes and pollution
    medicines – particularly anti-inflammatory painkillers like ibuprofen and aspirin.
  • Emotions, including stress, or laughter
    weather – such as sudden changes in temperature, cold air, wind, thunderstorms, heat and humidity.
  • Mould or damp
  • Exercise
47
Q

What are the most common ways that Asthma can be diagnosed?

A
  • Asthma is usually identified at a GP appointment.
  • FeNO Test - Machine-based test that measures nitric oxide in your breath which is a sign of inflammation on the lungs.
  • Spirometry Test - A machine that tests how much oxygen you can hold in your lung’s.
  • Peak Flow Test - a machine that tests how quickly you are breathing in and out. It is done over serval weeks to see a change.
48
Q

What is the most common type of treatment for Asthma?

A
  • Inhalers are the most common form of treatment for Asthma.
  • However, in really severe cases they may prescribe Steroid tablets
49
Q

What is an overview of Pneumonia?

A

Pneumonia is swelling (inflammation) of the tissue in one or both lungs. It’s usually caused by a bacterial infection or a virus.

50
Q

What is the general treatment for Pneumonia?

A

Requires hospital-level care and can be deadly if not healed within 3 months.

51
Q

What is a general overview of Lung Cancer?

A

Lung cancer is one of the most common and serious types of cancer. A group of toxic cells is built to slowly decompose the body.

52
Q

What are the general symptoms of lung cancer?

A
  • A cough that does not go away after 3 weeks.
  • A long-standing cough that gets worse chest infections that keep coming back.
  • Coughing up blood
    an ache or pain when breathing or coughing.
  • Persistent breathlessness
    persistent tiredness or lack of energy.
  • Loss of appetite or unexplained weight loss.
53
Q

What are the typical ways of diagnosing Lung Cancer?

A
  • Chest X-Ray
  • CT Scan
  • PET-CT Scan
  • Bronchoscopy and Biopsy.
54
Q

What are the most common types of Cardiovascular diseases?

A
  • Coronary heart disease.
  • Strokes and TIA’s
  • peripheral arterial disease
  • Aortic disease
55
Q

Describe a summary of the condition of Coronary heart disease?

A

This condition is coursed by a blockage of blood supply to the heart. This can course serious complications to the heart and in some cases lead to cardiac arrest.

56
Q

Describe a summary of the condition of Coronary Heart Disease.

A

This condition is coursed by a blockage of blood supply to the heart. This can course serious complications to the heart and in some cases lead to cardiac arrest.

57
Q

What are the most common symptoms of Coronary Heart Disease, even thou this condition has wide-ranging symptoms?

A
  • Chest Pain
  • Chest Tightness
  • Heavy and compulsive sweating.
  • Heart Attack.
  • Heart Failure.
58
Q

What are the most common courses of Coronary Heart Disease?

A
  • Heavy Smoking
  • Having High blood pressure (Hypertension)
  • Having high cholesterol
  • Not exercising or being physically inactive.
  • Have Diabetes
59
Q

What are the most common form of diagnostics tests for Coronary Heart Disease?

A
  • Normally first identified by a GP with a cholesterol test.
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)
  • Exercise stress tests
  • X-rays
  • Echocardiogram
  • Blood tests
  • Coronary angiography
  • Radionuclide tests
  • MRI scans
  • CT scans
60
Q

What are the most common forms of treatment for Coronary Art Disease?

A
  • Exercise and Fitness
  • Healthy Eating
  • Stop Smoking
  • Blood thinning tablets.
61
Q

Describe a basic summary of Strokes and TIA’s?

A

A Stroke can be very deadly as it will cut out the blood supply to your brain in portions. This is normally due to a blockage of key arteries or veins to the brain.

Health and Social Care level 3 (7 decks)

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