Child Development Theory's Flashcards
What is Piaget Theory Subject off?
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1) Sensorimotor –0-2 years, learn through senses to explore the world- they are egocentric
2) Pre-operational –2-7 years, label and organise thoughts, imagination developed and conservation being developed
3) Concrete Operational- 7-12 years, apply logic and understanding, problem-solving begins and applied to concrete situations. Can learn maths and science
4) Formal Operational - 12+years, abstract and hypothetical skills develop. Strategic thinking developed and can apply knowledge to new concepts
What is Bowlby Attachment theory subject off?
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Children come into the world biologically pre-programmed to form attachments with others- for survival
A child has an innate (i.e. inborn) need to attach to one main attachment figure
The critical period for developing at attachment (2-5 years)
Continual disruption of the attachment between infant and primary caregiver could result in long term cognitive, social, and emotional difficulties for that infant
What is Bandura(Social Learning Theory) Subject off?
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Bandura- Social Learning Theory
We observe behaviour from around us and Bandura suggests that we copy and imitate
Bobo doll experiment- children copied aggressive behaviour from the adults
Environments play a strong role in influencing behaviour
What is the Nature vs Nurture Theory subject to?
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Nature is:
Nature is how we are influenced by genetic inheritance and other biological factors
Examples: hair colour, eye colour, skin colour, height, inherited/genetic conditions such as PKU, Brittle Bone Disease
Nurture is….
Nurture is the influence of external/environmental factors after conception
Examples: parents, friends, culture, religion, education
What is the Ageing Theory Subject off?
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Cummings and Henry developed the
The Social Disengagement theory suggested that as people move into later adulthood, they begin to withdraw from the roles that were once important in their lives and start to disengage from social relationships too. This is due to ill health and preparing for end of life.
What is the theory of “Schemas” Subject off?
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Schemas -describes a pattern of thought or behaviour that organizes categories of information and the relationships among them.[1] It can also be described as a mental structure of preconceived ideas, a framework representing some aspect of the world, or a system of organizing and perceiving new information.
Accommodation- involves the modification of an existing schema to understand (accommodate) new information.
Assimilation involves fitting a new experience into an existing schema
Conservation
the child realises that properties of objects—such as mass, volume, and number—remain the same, despite changes in the form of the objects e.g. changing the shape of the glass may not change volume
Egocentrism
Egocentrism refers to the child’s inability to see a situation from another person’s point of view- children will think everyone see’s things like they do (they are not selfish)
Chomsky (LAD)
Everyone is born with a language acquisition device which is the ability to develop a language
Critical period –0-6
The critical time in which humans need to develop basic skills such as language – if not it can lead to an interruption of learning language (Genie)
What is the Gesell Maturation Theory Subject off?
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Gesell’s Maturation Theory focused on the physical and mental development of children. He suggested that children will go through the same stages of development, in the same sequence but each child will go through the stages at their own rate. He suggested that patterns of development is determined by the individual’s genetic inheritance
What is the active Theory Subject off?
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The activity theory in response to the Social Disengagement Theory. The Activity Theory suggests that individuals in later adulthood are most fulfilled and at their happiest when they participate in social interactions and remain active. They adapt to activities to keep a sense of who they are
What is Chomsky’s model Theory Subject off?
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- Explains and gives subject to how children learn and maintain their ability of language.
- Explains how Human beings have a LAD(Language Acquisition Device) This device especially helps children in developing the rules of language and adapting to their parents language style as they learn through learned behaviour.
- Once a child as a understanding of the rules of language then they are just in the need of learning new words.
However their is a lack of evidence to prove this theory correct and it is heavily criticised.
